Sound-Evoked Responses in the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Pathways of Rats
Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) have been used to assess otolith function in clinics worldwide. However, there are accumulating evidence suggesting that the clinically used sound stimuli activate not only the otolith afferents, but also the canal afferents, indicating canal contribution...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2021.741571/full |
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| author | Tianwen Chen Jun Huang Yue Yu Xuehui Tang Chunming Zhang Youguo Xu Alberto Arteaga Jerome Allison Jerome Allison William Mustain Matthew C. Donald Tracy Rappai Michael Zhang Wu Zhou Wu Zhou Wu Zhou Hong Zhu Hong Zhu |
| author_facet | Tianwen Chen Jun Huang Yue Yu Xuehui Tang Chunming Zhang Youguo Xu Alberto Arteaga Jerome Allison Jerome Allison William Mustain Matthew C. Donald Tracy Rappai Michael Zhang Wu Zhou Wu Zhou Wu Zhou Hong Zhu Hong Zhu |
| author_sort | Tianwen Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) have been used to assess otolith function in clinics worldwide. However, there are accumulating evidence suggesting that the clinically used sound stimuli activate not only the otolith afferents, but also the canal afferents, indicating canal contributions to the VEMPs. To better understand the neural mechanisms underlying the VEMPs and develop discriminative VEMP protocols, we further examined sound-evoked responses of the vestibular nucleus neurons and the abducens neurons, which have the interneurons and motoneurons of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) pathways. Air-conducted clicks (50–80 dB SL re ABR threshold, 0.1 ms duration) or tone bursts (60–80 dB SL, 125–4,000 Hz, 8 ms plateau, 1 ms rise/fall) were delivered to the ears of Sprague-Dawley or Long-Evans rats. Among 425 vestibular nucleus neurons recorded in anesthetized rats and 18 abducens neurons recorded in awake rats, sound activated 35.9% of the vestibular neurons that increased discharge rates for ipsilateral head rotation (Type I neuron), 15.7% of the vestibular neurons that increased discharge rates for contralateral head rotation (Type II neuron), 57.2% of the vestibular neurons that did not change discharge rates during head rotation (non-canal neuron), and 38.9% of the abducens neurons. Sound sensitive vestibular nucleus neurons and abducens neurons exhibited characteristic tuning curves that reflected convergence of canal and otolith inputs in the VOR pathways. Tone bursts also evoked well-defined eye movements that increased with tone intensity and duration and exhibited peak frequency of ∼1,500 Hz. For the left eye, tone bursts evoked upward/rightward eye movements for ipsilateral stimulation, and downward/leftward eye movements for contralateral stimulation. These results demonstrate that sound stimulation results in activation of the canal and otolith VOR pathways that can be measured by eye tracking devices to develop discriminative tests of vestibular function in animal models and in humans. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T16:04:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-40f53332e527439591ead6a0431a97cb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-453X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T16:04:08Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-40f53332e527439591ead6a0431a97cb2022-12-21T20:14:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2021-10-011510.3389/fnins.2021.741571741571Sound-Evoked Responses in the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Pathways of RatsTianwen Chen0Jun Huang1Yue Yu2Xuehui Tang3Chunming Zhang4Youguo Xu5Alberto Arteaga6Jerome Allison7Jerome Allison8William Mustain9Matthew C. Donald10Tracy Rappai11Michael Zhang12Wu Zhou13Wu Zhou14Wu Zhou15Hong Zhu16Hong Zhu17Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, ChinaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesDepartment of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesSchool of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesSchool of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesSummer Undergraduate Research Program, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesDepartment of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesDepartment of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesDepartment of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United StatesVestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) have been used to assess otolith function in clinics worldwide. However, there are accumulating evidence suggesting that the clinically used sound stimuli activate not only the otolith afferents, but also the canal afferents, indicating canal contributions to the VEMPs. To better understand the neural mechanisms underlying the VEMPs and develop discriminative VEMP protocols, we further examined sound-evoked responses of the vestibular nucleus neurons and the abducens neurons, which have the interneurons and motoneurons of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) pathways. Air-conducted clicks (50–80 dB SL re ABR threshold, 0.1 ms duration) or tone bursts (60–80 dB SL, 125–4,000 Hz, 8 ms plateau, 1 ms rise/fall) were delivered to the ears of Sprague-Dawley or Long-Evans rats. Among 425 vestibular nucleus neurons recorded in anesthetized rats and 18 abducens neurons recorded in awake rats, sound activated 35.9% of the vestibular neurons that increased discharge rates for ipsilateral head rotation (Type I neuron), 15.7% of the vestibular neurons that increased discharge rates for contralateral head rotation (Type II neuron), 57.2% of the vestibular neurons that did not change discharge rates during head rotation (non-canal neuron), and 38.9% of the abducens neurons. Sound sensitive vestibular nucleus neurons and abducens neurons exhibited characteristic tuning curves that reflected convergence of canal and otolith inputs in the VOR pathways. Tone bursts also evoked well-defined eye movements that increased with tone intensity and duration and exhibited peak frequency of ∼1,500 Hz. For the left eye, tone bursts evoked upward/rightward eye movements for ipsilateral stimulation, and downward/leftward eye movements for contralateral stimulation. These results demonstrate that sound stimulation results in activation of the canal and otolith VOR pathways that can be measured by eye tracking devices to develop discriminative tests of vestibular function in animal models and in humans.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2021.741571/fullvestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP)single unit recordingvestibulo ocular reflexotolithcanaleye movement |
| spellingShingle | Tianwen Chen Jun Huang Yue Yu Xuehui Tang Chunming Zhang Youguo Xu Alberto Arteaga Jerome Allison Jerome Allison William Mustain Matthew C. Donald Tracy Rappai Michael Zhang Wu Zhou Wu Zhou Wu Zhou Hong Zhu Hong Zhu Sound-Evoked Responses in the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Pathways of Rats Frontiers in Neuroscience vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) single unit recording vestibulo ocular reflex otolith canal eye movement |
| title | Sound-Evoked Responses in the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Pathways of Rats |
| title_full | Sound-Evoked Responses in the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Pathways of Rats |
| title_fullStr | Sound-Evoked Responses in the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Pathways of Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sound-Evoked Responses in the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Pathways of Rats |
| title_short | Sound-Evoked Responses in the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Pathways of Rats |
| title_sort | sound evoked responses in the vestibulo ocular reflex pathways of rats |
| topic | vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) single unit recording vestibulo ocular reflex otolith canal eye movement |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2021.741571/full |
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