Silurian bentonites in Lithuania: correlations based on sanidine phenocryst composition and graptolite biozonation – interpretation of volcanic source regions
Integrated correlation of bentonites (altered volcanic ashes) and graptolite biozonation is presented. Detailed study of two Lithuanian drill core sections extended previous knowledge of the occurrence and composition of bentonites to the south. Identification of graptolite species allowed bentonite...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Estonian Academy Publishers
2014-02-01
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| Series: | Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.kirj.ee/public/Estonian_Journal_of_Earth_Sciences/2014/issue_1/earth-2014-1-18-29.pdf |
| _version_ | 1817999102692032512 |
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| author | Tarmo Kiipli Sigitas Radzevičius Toivo Kallaste |
| author_facet | Tarmo Kiipli Sigitas Radzevičius Toivo Kallaste |
| author_sort | Tarmo Kiipli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Integrated correlation of bentonites (altered volcanic ashes) and graptolite biozonation is presented. Detailed study of two Lithuanian drill core sections extended previous knowledge of the occurrence and composition of bentonites to the south. Identification of graptolite species allowed bentonites to be assigned their proper stratigraphical position. Silurian bentonites in Lithuania are mostly characterized by wide and very wide XRD 201 reflections of the main component of sanidine phenocrysts. Only fourteen of the 69 samples studied contained sanidine with a sharp reflection, which gave the best correlation potential. In the Lithuanian sections one bentonite was found in the Rhuddanian, five bentonites were recognized in the Aeronian, 17 bentonites in the Telychian, 26 in the Sheinwoodian, 10 in the Homerian and six in the Ludlow. All bentonites found in Lithuania are characterized by the main component of sanidine. A large number of Lithuanian bentonites are not known in Latvia and Estonia, indicating that volcanic ashes reached the East Baltic area from two source regions – the Central European and Norwegian Caledonides. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:03:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4109493ecd8a49bdbb53eb5e2bd9bb9c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1736-4728 1736-7557 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:03:34Z |
| publishDate | 2014-02-01 |
| publisher | Estonian Academy Publishers |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-4109493ecd8a49bdbb53eb5e2bd9bb9c2022-12-22T02:15:49ZengEstonian Academy PublishersEstonian Journal of Earth Sciences1736-47281736-75572014-02-01631182910.3176/earth.2014.0210.3176/earth.2014.02Silurian bentonites in Lithuania: correlations based on sanidine phenocryst composition and graptolite biozonation – interpretation of volcanic source regionsTarmo Kiipli0Sigitas Radzevičius1Toivo Kallaste2Institute of Geology at Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia; tarmo.kiipli@ttu.eeDepartment of Geology and Mineralogy, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio 21/27, LT03101, Vilnius, Lithuania; sigitas.radzevicius@gf.vu.ltInstitute of Geology at Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia; toivo.kallaste@ttu.eeIntegrated correlation of bentonites (altered volcanic ashes) and graptolite biozonation is presented. Detailed study of two Lithuanian drill core sections extended previous knowledge of the occurrence and composition of bentonites to the south. Identification of graptolite species allowed bentonites to be assigned their proper stratigraphical position. Silurian bentonites in Lithuania are mostly characterized by wide and very wide XRD 201 reflections of the main component of sanidine phenocrysts. Only fourteen of the 69 samples studied contained sanidine with a sharp reflection, which gave the best correlation potential. In the Lithuanian sections one bentonite was found in the Rhuddanian, five bentonites were recognized in the Aeronian, 17 bentonites in the Telychian, 26 in the Sheinwoodian, 10 in the Homerian and six in the Ludlow. All bentonites found in Lithuania are characterized by the main component of sanidine. A large number of Lithuanian bentonites are not known in Latvia and Estonia, indicating that volcanic ashes reached the East Baltic area from two source regions – the Central European and Norwegian Caledonides.http://www.kirj.ee/public/Estonian_Journal_of_Earth_Sciences/2014/issue_1/earth-2014-1-18-29.pdfSilurianbentonitessanidinegraptolitescorrelationEast Baltic. |
| spellingShingle | Tarmo Kiipli Sigitas Radzevičius Toivo Kallaste Silurian bentonites in Lithuania: correlations based on sanidine phenocryst composition and graptolite biozonation – interpretation of volcanic source regions Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences Silurian bentonites sanidine graptolites correlation East Baltic. |
| title | Silurian bentonites in Lithuania: correlations based on sanidine phenocryst composition and graptolite biozonation – interpretation of volcanic source regions |
| title_full | Silurian bentonites in Lithuania: correlations based on sanidine phenocryst composition and graptolite biozonation – interpretation of volcanic source regions |
| title_fullStr | Silurian bentonites in Lithuania: correlations based on sanidine phenocryst composition and graptolite biozonation – interpretation of volcanic source regions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Silurian bentonites in Lithuania: correlations based on sanidine phenocryst composition and graptolite biozonation – interpretation of volcanic source regions |
| title_short | Silurian bentonites in Lithuania: correlations based on sanidine phenocryst composition and graptolite biozonation – interpretation of volcanic source regions |
| title_sort | silurian bentonites in lithuania correlations based on sanidine phenocryst composition and graptolite biozonation interpretation of volcanic source regions |
| topic | Silurian bentonites sanidine graptolites correlation East Baltic. |
| url | http://www.kirj.ee/public/Estonian_Journal_of_Earth_Sciences/2014/issue_1/earth-2014-1-18-29.pdf |
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