Entropy Measurements for Leukocytes’ Surrounding Informativeness Evaluation for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Classification
The study of leukemia classification using deep learning techniques has been conducted by multiple research teams worldwide. Although deep convolutional neural networks achieved high quality of sick vs. healthy patient discrimination, their inherent lack of human interpretability of the decision-mak...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Entropy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/11/1560 |
| _version_ | 1797468354831712256 |
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| author | Krzysztof Pałczyński Damian Ledziński Tomasz Andrysiak |
| author_facet | Krzysztof Pałczyński Damian Ledziński Tomasz Andrysiak |
| author_sort | Krzysztof Pałczyński |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The study of leukemia classification using deep learning techniques has been conducted by multiple research teams worldwide. Although deep convolutional neural networks achieved high quality of sick vs. healthy patient discrimination, their inherent lack of human interpretability of the decision-making process hinders the adoption of deep learning techniques in medicine. Research involving deep learning proved that distinguishing between healthy and sick patients using microscopic images of lymphocytes is possible. However, it could not provide information on the intermediate steps in the diagnosis process. As a result, despite numerous examinations, it is still unclear whether the lymphocyte is the only object in the microscopic picture containing leukemia-related information or if the leukocyte’s surroundings also contain the desired information. In this work, entropy measures and machine learning models were applied to study the informativeness of both whole images and lymphocytes’ surroundings alone for Leukemia classification. This work aims to provide human-interpretable features marking the probability of sickness occurrence. The research stated that the hue distribution of images with lymphocytes obfuscated alone is informative enough to facilitate 93.0% accuracy in healthy vs. sick classification. The research was conducted on the ALL-IDB2 dataset. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:05:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4110f3581341488fbaf8890697fa6dfc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1099-4300 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:05:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Entropy |
| spelling | doaj.art-4110f3581341488fbaf8890697fa6dfc2023-11-24T04:36:16ZengMDPI AGEntropy1099-43002022-10-012411156010.3390/e24111560Entropy Measurements for Leukocytes’ Surrounding Informativeness Evaluation for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ClassificationKrzysztof Pałczyński0Damian Ledziński1Tomasz Andrysiak2Faculty of Telecommunications, Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, PolandFaculty of Telecommunications, Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, PolandFaculty of Telecommunications, Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, PolandThe study of leukemia classification using deep learning techniques has been conducted by multiple research teams worldwide. Although deep convolutional neural networks achieved high quality of sick vs. healthy patient discrimination, their inherent lack of human interpretability of the decision-making process hinders the adoption of deep learning techniques in medicine. Research involving deep learning proved that distinguishing between healthy and sick patients using microscopic images of lymphocytes is possible. However, it could not provide information on the intermediate steps in the diagnosis process. As a result, despite numerous examinations, it is still unclear whether the lymphocyte is the only object in the microscopic picture containing leukemia-related information or if the leukocyte’s surroundings also contain the desired information. In this work, entropy measures and machine learning models were applied to study the informativeness of both whole images and lymphocytes’ surroundings alone for Leukemia classification. This work aims to provide human-interpretable features marking the probability of sickness occurrence. The research stated that the hue distribution of images with lymphocytes obfuscated alone is informative enough to facilitate 93.0% accuracy in healthy vs. sick classification. The research was conducted on the ALL-IDB2 dataset.https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/11/1560acute lymphoblastic leukemia classificationimage background informativenessShannon entropycross-entropyXGBoost |
| spellingShingle | Krzysztof Pałczyński Damian Ledziński Tomasz Andrysiak Entropy Measurements for Leukocytes’ Surrounding Informativeness Evaluation for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Classification Entropy acute lymphoblastic leukemia classification image background informativeness Shannon entropy cross-entropy XGBoost |
| title | Entropy Measurements for Leukocytes’ Surrounding Informativeness Evaluation for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Classification |
| title_full | Entropy Measurements for Leukocytes’ Surrounding Informativeness Evaluation for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Classification |
| title_fullStr | Entropy Measurements for Leukocytes’ Surrounding Informativeness Evaluation for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Classification |
| title_full_unstemmed | Entropy Measurements for Leukocytes’ Surrounding Informativeness Evaluation for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Classification |
| title_short | Entropy Measurements for Leukocytes’ Surrounding Informativeness Evaluation for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Classification |
| title_sort | entropy measurements for leukocytes surrounding informativeness evaluation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia classification |
| topic | acute lymphoblastic leukemia classification image background informativeness Shannon entropy cross-entropy XGBoost |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/11/1560 |
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