Pink Bollworm Resistance to Bt Toxin Cry1Ac Associated with an Insertion in Cadherin Exon 20
Insecticidal proteins from <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (Bt) are widely used to control insect pests, but their efficacy is reduced when pests evolve resistance. We report on a novel allele (<i>r16</i>) of the cadherin gene (<i>PgCad1</i>) in pink bollworm (<i...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-03-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/4/186 |
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| author | Ling Wang Yuemin Ma Xueqin Guo Peng Wan Kaiyu Liu Shengbo Cong Jintao Wang Dong Xu Yutao Xiao Xianchun Li Bruce E. Tabashnik Kongming Wu |
| author_facet | Ling Wang Yuemin Ma Xueqin Guo Peng Wan Kaiyu Liu Shengbo Cong Jintao Wang Dong Xu Yutao Xiao Xianchun Li Bruce E. Tabashnik Kongming Wu |
| author_sort | Ling Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Insecticidal proteins from <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (Bt) are widely used to control insect pests, but their efficacy is reduced when pests evolve resistance. We report on a novel allele (<i>r16</i>) of the cadherin gene (<i>PgCad1</i>) in pink bollworm (<i>Pectinophora gossypiella</i>) associated with resistance to Bt toxin Cry1Ac, which is produced by transgenic cotton. The <i>r16</i> allele isolated from a field population in China has 1545 base pairs of a degenerate transposon inserted in exon 20 of <i>PgCad1</i>, which generates a mis-spliced transcript containing a premature stop codon. A strain homozygous for <i>r16</i> had 300-fold resistance to Cry1Ac, 2.6-fold cross-resistance to Cry2Ab, and completed its life cycle on transgenic Bt cotton producing Cry1Ac. Inheritance of Cry1Ac resistance was recessive and tightly linked with <i>r16</i>. Compared with transfected insect cells expressing wild-type <i>PgCad1</i>, cells expressing <i>r16</i> were less susceptible to Cry1Ac. Recombinant cadherin protein was transported to the cell membrane in cells transfected with the wild-type <i>PgCad1</i> allele, but not in cells transfected with <i>r16</i>. Cadherin occurred on brush border membrane vesicles (BBMVs) in the midgut of susceptible larvae, but not resistant larvae. These results imply that the <i>r16</i> allele mediates Cry1Ac resistance in pink bollworm by interfering with the localization of cadherin. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T10:58:34Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T10:58:34Z |
| publishDate | 2019-03-01 |
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| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-411102f3d0fc42faa4ff0bc94342c0f62022-12-22T04:28:41ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512019-03-0111418610.3390/toxins11040186toxins11040186Pink Bollworm Resistance to Bt Toxin Cry1Ac Associated with an Insertion in Cadherin Exon 20Ling Wang0Yuemin Ma1Xueqin Guo2Peng Wan3Kaiyu Liu4Shengbo Cong5Jintao Wang6Dong Xu7Yutao Xiao8Xianchun Li9Bruce E. Tabashnik10Kongming Wu11Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease, Insect Pests and Weeds Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertility, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, ChinaSchool of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, ChinaSchool of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease, Insect Pests and Weeds Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertility, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, ChinaSchool of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease, Insect Pests and Weeds Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertility, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease, Insect Pests and Weeds Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertility, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease, Insect Pests and Weeds Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertility, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, ChinaAgricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, ChinaDepartment of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USADepartment of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USAState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaInsecticidal proteins from <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (Bt) are widely used to control insect pests, but their efficacy is reduced when pests evolve resistance. We report on a novel allele (<i>r16</i>) of the cadherin gene (<i>PgCad1</i>) in pink bollworm (<i>Pectinophora gossypiella</i>) associated with resistance to Bt toxin Cry1Ac, which is produced by transgenic cotton. The <i>r16</i> allele isolated from a field population in China has 1545 base pairs of a degenerate transposon inserted in exon 20 of <i>PgCad1</i>, which generates a mis-spliced transcript containing a premature stop codon. A strain homozygous for <i>r16</i> had 300-fold resistance to Cry1Ac, 2.6-fold cross-resistance to Cry2Ab, and completed its life cycle on transgenic Bt cotton producing Cry1Ac. Inheritance of Cry1Ac resistance was recessive and tightly linked with <i>r16</i>. Compared with transfected insect cells expressing wild-type <i>PgCad1</i>, cells expressing <i>r16</i> were less susceptible to Cry1Ac. Recombinant cadherin protein was transported to the cell membrane in cells transfected with the wild-type <i>PgCad1</i> allele, but not in cells transfected with <i>r16</i>. Cadherin occurred on brush border membrane vesicles (BBMVs) in the midgut of susceptible larvae, but not resistant larvae. These results imply that the <i>r16</i> allele mediates Cry1Ac resistance in pink bollworm by interfering with the localization of cadherin.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/4/186Bt cottonresistance mechanismCry1Ac<i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i><i>Pectinophora gossypiella</i>genetically engineered croptransposon |
| spellingShingle | Ling Wang Yuemin Ma Xueqin Guo Peng Wan Kaiyu Liu Shengbo Cong Jintao Wang Dong Xu Yutao Xiao Xianchun Li Bruce E. Tabashnik Kongming Wu Pink Bollworm Resistance to Bt Toxin Cry1Ac Associated with an Insertion in Cadherin Exon 20 Toxins Bt cotton resistance mechanism Cry1Ac <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> <i>Pectinophora gossypiella</i> genetically engineered crop transposon |
| title | Pink Bollworm Resistance to Bt Toxin Cry1Ac Associated with an Insertion in Cadherin Exon 20 |
| title_full | Pink Bollworm Resistance to Bt Toxin Cry1Ac Associated with an Insertion in Cadherin Exon 20 |
| title_fullStr | Pink Bollworm Resistance to Bt Toxin Cry1Ac Associated with an Insertion in Cadherin Exon 20 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pink Bollworm Resistance to Bt Toxin Cry1Ac Associated with an Insertion in Cadherin Exon 20 |
| title_short | Pink Bollworm Resistance to Bt Toxin Cry1Ac Associated with an Insertion in Cadherin Exon 20 |
| title_sort | pink bollworm resistance to bt toxin cry1ac associated with an insertion in cadherin exon 20 |
| topic | Bt cotton resistance mechanism Cry1Ac <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> <i>Pectinophora gossypiella</i> genetically engineered crop transposon |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/4/186 |
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