Degradation Kinetics of Automotive Shredder Residue and Waste Automotive Glass for SiC Synthesis: An Energy-Efficient Approach
Generally, fossil carbon materials (coal, coke/char, and petroleum coke), biological carbon materials (charcoal, woodchips), and quartz from the earth’s crust are sources of carbon and silica to synthesise silicon carbide (SiC) at temperatures between 2000 and 2200 °C. The study investigated the iso...
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| author | Sepideh Hemati Smitirupa Biswal Farshid Pahlevani Sanjith Udayakumar Veena Sahajwalla |
| author_facet | Sepideh Hemati Smitirupa Biswal Farshid Pahlevani Sanjith Udayakumar Veena Sahajwalla |
| author_sort | Sepideh Hemati |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Generally, fossil carbon materials (coal, coke/char, and petroleum coke), biological carbon materials (charcoal, woodchips), and quartz from the earth’s crust are sources of carbon and silica to synthesise silicon carbide (SiC) at temperatures between 2000 and 2200 °C. The study investigated the isothermal and non-isothermal kinetics of synthesising SiC from automotive shredder residues (ASR) and windshield glass of end-of-life-vehicle (ELVs) at 1300 °C, 1400 °C, and 1500 °C for 30 min. The kinetics of ASR and waste glass degradation were studied by relating the thermogravimetric data via the Coats–Redfern model. The reaction mechanism includes the rapid formation of a gaseous SiO intermediate, and carbon reduction of the SiO to SiC is reaction-rate-controlling. The understanding of kinetics inferred that the optimisation of SiC formation is entirely associated with the conversion of SiO<sub>2</sub> to SiO vapour and their reaction with CO and carbon particles. The kinetic parameters of the degradation of mixed ASR and waste glass were determined, and the activation energy of mixed ASR and glass for non-isothermal conditions are 22.48 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>, 2.97 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>, and 6.5 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>, and for the isothermal study to produce SiC is 225.9 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The results confirmed that this facile way of synthesising SiC would conserve about 50% of chemical energy compared to the traditional way of producing SiC. A beneficial route of transforming the heterogenous ASR and glass wastes into SiC with economic and environmental benefits is recognised. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:01:09Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:01:09Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
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| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj.art-411e440e721a41e98e57037e1656a74d2023-11-19T00:44:30ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522023-07-01138118310.3390/cryst13081183Degradation Kinetics of Automotive Shredder Residue and Waste Automotive Glass for SiC Synthesis: An Energy-Efficient ApproachSepideh Hemati0Smitirupa Biswal1Farshid Pahlevani2Sanjith Udayakumar3Veena Sahajwalla4Centre for Sustainable Materials Research and Technology (SMaRT@UNSW), School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, AustraliaCentre for Sustainable Materials Research and Technology (SMaRT@UNSW), School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, AustraliaCentre for Sustainable Materials Research and Technology (SMaRT@UNSW), School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, AustraliaCentre for Sustainable Materials Research and Technology (SMaRT@UNSW), School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, AustraliaCentre for Sustainable Materials Research and Technology (SMaRT@UNSW), School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, AustraliaGenerally, fossil carbon materials (coal, coke/char, and petroleum coke), biological carbon materials (charcoal, woodchips), and quartz from the earth’s crust are sources of carbon and silica to synthesise silicon carbide (SiC) at temperatures between 2000 and 2200 °C. The study investigated the isothermal and non-isothermal kinetics of synthesising SiC from automotive shredder residues (ASR) and windshield glass of end-of-life-vehicle (ELVs) at 1300 °C, 1400 °C, and 1500 °C for 30 min. The kinetics of ASR and waste glass degradation were studied by relating the thermogravimetric data via the Coats–Redfern model. The reaction mechanism includes the rapid formation of a gaseous SiO intermediate, and carbon reduction of the SiO to SiC is reaction-rate-controlling. The understanding of kinetics inferred that the optimisation of SiC formation is entirely associated with the conversion of SiO<sub>2</sub> to SiO vapour and their reaction with CO and carbon particles. The kinetic parameters of the degradation of mixed ASR and waste glass were determined, and the activation energy of mixed ASR and glass for non-isothermal conditions are 22.48 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>, 2.97 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>, and 6.5 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>, and for the isothermal study to produce SiC is 225.9 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The results confirmed that this facile way of synthesising SiC would conserve about 50% of chemical energy compared to the traditional way of producing SiC. A beneficial route of transforming the heterogenous ASR and glass wastes into SiC with economic and environmental benefits is recognised.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/8/1183activation energyautomotive shredder residuereduction kineticssilicon carbidewaste recyclingwindshield glass |
| spellingShingle | Sepideh Hemati Smitirupa Biswal Farshid Pahlevani Sanjith Udayakumar Veena Sahajwalla Degradation Kinetics of Automotive Shredder Residue and Waste Automotive Glass for SiC Synthesis: An Energy-Efficient Approach Crystals activation energy automotive shredder residue reduction kinetics silicon carbide waste recycling windshield glass |
| title | Degradation Kinetics of Automotive Shredder Residue and Waste Automotive Glass for SiC Synthesis: An Energy-Efficient Approach |
| title_full | Degradation Kinetics of Automotive Shredder Residue and Waste Automotive Glass for SiC Synthesis: An Energy-Efficient Approach |
| title_fullStr | Degradation Kinetics of Automotive Shredder Residue and Waste Automotive Glass for SiC Synthesis: An Energy-Efficient Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Degradation Kinetics of Automotive Shredder Residue and Waste Automotive Glass for SiC Synthesis: An Energy-Efficient Approach |
| title_short | Degradation Kinetics of Automotive Shredder Residue and Waste Automotive Glass for SiC Synthesis: An Energy-Efficient Approach |
| title_sort | degradation kinetics of automotive shredder residue and waste automotive glass for sic synthesis an energy efficient approach |
| topic | activation energy automotive shredder residue reduction kinetics silicon carbide waste recycling windshield glass |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/13/8/1183 |
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