Seasonal dynamics of major phytoplankton functional types in the coastal waters of the west coast of Canada derived from OLCI Sentinel 3A
Monitoring the spatial distribution and seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton functional types (PFTs) in coastal oceans is essential for understanding fisheries production, changes in water quality, and carbon export to the deep ocean. The launch of new generation ocean color sensors such as OLCI (Ocea...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.1018510/full |
| _version_ | 1811189387327700992 |
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| author | Perumthuruthil Suseelan Vishnu Hongyan Xi Justin Del Bel Belluz Midhun Shah Hussain Astrid Bracher Astrid Bracher Maycira Costa |
| author_facet | Perumthuruthil Suseelan Vishnu Hongyan Xi Justin Del Bel Belluz Midhun Shah Hussain Astrid Bracher Astrid Bracher Maycira Costa |
| author_sort | Perumthuruthil Suseelan Vishnu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Monitoring the spatial distribution and seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton functional types (PFTs) in coastal oceans is essential for understanding fisheries production, changes in water quality, and carbon export to the deep ocean. The launch of new generation ocean color sensors such as OLCI (Ocean Land Color Instrument) onboard Sentinel 3A provides an unprecedented opportunity to study the surface dynamics of PFTs at high spatial (300 m) and temporal (daily) resolution. Here we characterize the seasonal dynamics of the major PFTs over the surface waters of the west coast of Canada using OLCI imagery and Chemical Taxonomy (CHEMTAX, v1.95) software. The satellite-based approach was adapted from a previously proven Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF)-based algorithm by using a local matchup dataset comprising CHEMTAX model output and EOF scores derived from OLCI remote sensing reflectance. The algorithm was developed for the following PFTs: diatoms, dinoflagellates, dictyochophytes, haptophytes, green algae, cryptophytes, cyanobacteria, raphidophytes, and total chlorophyll-a (TChla) concentration. Of these PFTs, first level evaluation of the OLCI-derived retrievals showed reliable performance for diatoms and raphidophytes. The second level of validation showed that TChla had the best performance, and green algae, cryptophytes, and diatoms followed seasonal trends of a high temporal resolution in situ CHEMTAX time-series. Somewhat reduced correspondence was observed for raphidophytes. Due to their low contribution to the phytoplankton community (26%) and low range of variation, weak performance was noted for haptophytes, dictyochophytes, cyanobacteria, and dinoflagellates. The EOF-based PFT maps from daily OLCI imagery showed seasonal spring and fall diatom blooms with succession from spring blooms to high diversity flagellate dominated summer conditions. Furthermore, strong localized summer raphidophyte blooms (Heterosigma akashiwo) were observed, which are a regionally important harmful species. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of the OLCI in deriving the surface dynamics of major PFTs of the Strait of Georgia (SoG), a critical habitat for the juvenile Pacific Salmon. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:35:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-41329f2132b646ee81982493b60602da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:35:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-41329f2132b646ee81982493b60602da2022-12-22T04:18:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452022-11-01910.3389/fmars.2022.10185101018510Seasonal dynamics of major phytoplankton functional types in the coastal waters of the west coast of Canada derived from OLCI Sentinel 3APerumthuruthil Suseelan Vishnu0Hongyan Xi1Justin Del Bel Belluz2Midhun Shah Hussain3Astrid Bracher4Astrid Bracher5Maycira Costa6SPECTRAL Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department of Geography, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, CanadaPhytooptics Group, Physical Oceanography of Polar Seas, Climate Sciences, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, GermanyHakai Institute, Victoria, BC, CanadaDepartment of Marine Biology, Microbiology, and Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, IndiaPhytooptics Group, Physical Oceanography of Polar Seas, Climate Sciences, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, GermanyDepartment of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, GermanySPECTRAL Remote Sensing Laboratory, Department of Geography, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, CanadaMonitoring the spatial distribution and seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton functional types (PFTs) in coastal oceans is essential for understanding fisheries production, changes in water quality, and carbon export to the deep ocean. The launch of new generation ocean color sensors such as OLCI (Ocean Land Color Instrument) onboard Sentinel 3A provides an unprecedented opportunity to study the surface dynamics of PFTs at high spatial (300 m) and temporal (daily) resolution. Here we characterize the seasonal dynamics of the major PFTs over the surface waters of the west coast of Canada using OLCI imagery and Chemical Taxonomy (CHEMTAX, v1.95) software. The satellite-based approach was adapted from a previously proven Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF)-based algorithm by using a local matchup dataset comprising CHEMTAX model output and EOF scores derived from OLCI remote sensing reflectance. The algorithm was developed for the following PFTs: diatoms, dinoflagellates, dictyochophytes, haptophytes, green algae, cryptophytes, cyanobacteria, raphidophytes, and total chlorophyll-a (TChla) concentration. Of these PFTs, first level evaluation of the OLCI-derived retrievals showed reliable performance for diatoms and raphidophytes. The second level of validation showed that TChla had the best performance, and green algae, cryptophytes, and diatoms followed seasonal trends of a high temporal resolution in situ CHEMTAX time-series. Somewhat reduced correspondence was observed for raphidophytes. Due to their low contribution to the phytoplankton community (26%) and low range of variation, weak performance was noted for haptophytes, dictyochophytes, cyanobacteria, and dinoflagellates. The EOF-based PFT maps from daily OLCI imagery showed seasonal spring and fall diatom blooms with succession from spring blooms to high diversity flagellate dominated summer conditions. Furthermore, strong localized summer raphidophyte blooms (Heterosigma akashiwo) were observed, which are a regionally important harmful species. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of the OLCI in deriving the surface dynamics of major PFTs of the Strait of Georgia (SoG), a critical habitat for the juvenile Pacific Salmon.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.1018510/fullphytoplankton functional typesempirical orthogonal functionCHEMTAXremote sensing reflectanceOLCI Sentinel 3ASalish Sea |
| spellingShingle | Perumthuruthil Suseelan Vishnu Hongyan Xi Justin Del Bel Belluz Midhun Shah Hussain Astrid Bracher Astrid Bracher Maycira Costa Seasonal dynamics of major phytoplankton functional types in the coastal waters of the west coast of Canada derived from OLCI Sentinel 3A Frontiers in Marine Science phytoplankton functional types empirical orthogonal function CHEMTAX remote sensing reflectance OLCI Sentinel 3A Salish Sea |
| title | Seasonal dynamics of major phytoplankton functional types in the coastal waters of the west coast of Canada derived from OLCI Sentinel 3A |
| title_full | Seasonal dynamics of major phytoplankton functional types in the coastal waters of the west coast of Canada derived from OLCI Sentinel 3A |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal dynamics of major phytoplankton functional types in the coastal waters of the west coast of Canada derived from OLCI Sentinel 3A |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal dynamics of major phytoplankton functional types in the coastal waters of the west coast of Canada derived from OLCI Sentinel 3A |
| title_short | Seasonal dynamics of major phytoplankton functional types in the coastal waters of the west coast of Canada derived from OLCI Sentinel 3A |
| title_sort | seasonal dynamics of major phytoplankton functional types in the coastal waters of the west coast of canada derived from olci sentinel 3a |
| topic | phytoplankton functional types empirical orthogonal function CHEMTAX remote sensing reflectance OLCI Sentinel 3A Salish Sea |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.1018510/full |
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