Mutational Diversity in the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions of Type-II Topoisomerases of <i>Salmonella</i> Serovars
Quinolone resistance in bacterial pathogens has primarily been associated with mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of bacterial type-II topoisomerases, which are DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Depending on the position and type of the mutation (s) in the QRDRs, bacter...
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/12/1455 |
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| author | Aqsa Shaheen Anam Tariq Mazhar Iqbal Osman Mirza Abdul Haque Thomas Walz Moazur Rahman |
| author_facet | Aqsa Shaheen Anam Tariq Mazhar Iqbal Osman Mirza Abdul Haque Thomas Walz Moazur Rahman |
| author_sort | Aqsa Shaheen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Quinolone resistance in bacterial pathogens has primarily been associated with mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of bacterial type-II topoisomerases, which are DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Depending on the position and type of the mutation (s) in the QRDRs, bacteria either become partially or completely resistant to quinolone. QRDR mutations have been identified and characterized in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> isolates from around the globe, particularly during the last decade, and efforts have been made to understand the propensity of different serovars to carry such mutations. Because there is currently no thorough analysis of the available literature on QRDR mutations in different <i>Salmonella</i> serovars, this review aims to provide a comprehensive picture of the mutational diversity in QRDRs of <i>Salmonella</i> serovars, summarizing the literature related to both typhoidal and non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> serovars with a special emphasis on recent findings. This review will also discuss plasmid-mediated quinolone-resistance determinants with respect to their additive or synergistic contributions with QRDR mutations in imparting elevated quinolone resistance. Finally, the review will assess the contribution of membrane transporter-mediated quinolone efflux to quinolone resistance in strains carrying QRDR mutations. This information should be helpful to guide the routine surveillance of foodborne <i>Salmonella</i> serovars, especially with respect to their spread across countries, as well as to improve laboratory diagnosis of quinolone-resistant <i>Salmonella</i> strains. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:39:23Z |
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| id | doaj.art-4133e2127277465d86476a885c50e2a4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:39:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
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| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-4133e2127277465d86476a885c50e2a42023-11-23T03:30:07ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822021-11-011012145510.3390/antibiotics10121455Mutational Diversity in the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions of Type-II Topoisomerases of <i>Salmonella</i> SerovarsAqsa Shaheen0Anam Tariq1Mazhar Iqbal2Osman Mirza3Abdul Haque4Thomas Walz5Moazur Rahman6Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Hafiz Hayat Campus, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, PakistanDrug Discovery and Structural Biology Group, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad 38000, PakistanDrug Discovery and Structural Biology Group, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad 38000, PakistanDepartment of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, DenmarkHuman Infectious Diseases Group, Akhuwat First University, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanLaboratory of Molecular Electron Microscopy, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USASchool of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, PakistanQuinolone resistance in bacterial pathogens has primarily been associated with mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of bacterial type-II topoisomerases, which are DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Depending on the position and type of the mutation (s) in the QRDRs, bacteria either become partially or completely resistant to quinolone. QRDR mutations have been identified and characterized in <i>Salmonella enterica</i> isolates from around the globe, particularly during the last decade, and efforts have been made to understand the propensity of different serovars to carry such mutations. Because there is currently no thorough analysis of the available literature on QRDR mutations in different <i>Salmonella</i> serovars, this review aims to provide a comprehensive picture of the mutational diversity in QRDRs of <i>Salmonella</i> serovars, summarizing the literature related to both typhoidal and non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> serovars with a special emphasis on recent findings. This review will also discuss plasmid-mediated quinolone-resistance determinants with respect to their additive or synergistic contributions with QRDR mutations in imparting elevated quinolone resistance. Finally, the review will assess the contribution of membrane transporter-mediated quinolone efflux to quinolone resistance in strains carrying QRDR mutations. This information should be helpful to guide the routine surveillance of foodborne <i>Salmonella</i> serovars, especially with respect to their spread across countries, as well as to improve laboratory diagnosis of quinolone-resistant <i>Salmonella</i> strains.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/12/1455<i>Salmonella</i>fluoroquinolonesquinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs)food-borne pathogensplasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR)DNA gyrase |
| spellingShingle | Aqsa Shaheen Anam Tariq Mazhar Iqbal Osman Mirza Abdul Haque Thomas Walz Moazur Rahman Mutational Diversity in the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions of Type-II Topoisomerases of <i>Salmonella</i> Serovars Antibiotics <i>Salmonella</i> fluoroquinolones quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) food-borne pathogens plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) DNA gyrase |
| title | Mutational Diversity in the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions of Type-II Topoisomerases of <i>Salmonella</i> Serovars |
| title_full | Mutational Diversity in the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions of Type-II Topoisomerases of <i>Salmonella</i> Serovars |
| title_fullStr | Mutational Diversity in the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions of Type-II Topoisomerases of <i>Salmonella</i> Serovars |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mutational Diversity in the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions of Type-II Topoisomerases of <i>Salmonella</i> Serovars |
| title_short | Mutational Diversity in the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions of Type-II Topoisomerases of <i>Salmonella</i> Serovars |
| title_sort | mutational diversity in the quinolone resistance determining regions of type ii topoisomerases of i salmonella i serovars |
| topic | <i>Salmonella</i> fluoroquinolones quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) food-borne pathogens plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) DNA gyrase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/12/1455 |
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