Two AMP-Binding Domain Proteins from Rhizophagus irregularis Involved in Import of Exogenous Fatty Acids
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonize roots, where they provide nutrients in exchange for sugars and lipids. Because AMF lack genes for cytosolic fatty acid de novo synthase (FAS), they depend on host-derived fatty acids. AMF colonization is accompanied by expression of specific lipid genes an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The American Phytopathological Society
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-01-22-0026-R |
| _version_ | 1818548000638631936 |
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| author | Mathias Brands Peter Dörmann |
| author_facet | Mathias Brands Peter Dörmann |
| author_sort | Mathias Brands |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonize roots, where they provide nutrients in exchange for sugars and lipids. Because AMF lack genes for cytosolic fatty acid de novo synthase (FAS), they depend on host-derived fatty acids. AMF colonization is accompanied by expression of specific lipid genes and synthesis of sn-2 monoacylglycerols (MAGs). It is unknown how host-derived fatty acids are taken up by AMF. We describe the characterization of two AMP-binding domain protein genes from Rhizophagus irregularis, RiFAT1 and RiFAT2, with sequence similarity to Saccharomyces cerevisiae fatty acid transporter 1 (FAT1). Uptake of 13C-myristic acid (14:0) and, to a lesser extent, 13C-palmitic acid (16:0) was enhanced after expression of RiFAT1 or RiFAT2 in S. cerevisiae Δfat1 cells. The uptake of 2H-labeled fatty acids from 2H-myristoylglycerol or 2H-palmitoylglycerol was also increased after RiFAT1 and RiFAT2 expression in Δfat, but intact 2H-MAGs were not detected. RiFAT1 and RiFAT2 expression was induced in colonized roots compared with extraradical mycelium. 13C-label in the AMF-specific palmitvaccenic acid (16:1Δ11) and eicosatrienoic acid (20:3) were detected in colonized roots only when 13C2-acetate was supplemented but not 13C-fatty acids, demonstrating that de novo synthesized, host-derived fatty acids are rapidly taken up by R. irregularis from the roots. The results show that RiFAT1 and RiFAT2 are involved in the uptake of myristic acid (14:0) and palmitic acid (16:0), while fatty acids from MAGs are only taken up after hydrolysis. Therefore, the two proteins might be involved in fatty acid import into the fungal arbuscules in colonized roots.[Graphic: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T08:14:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4134448b21ae4eecb9316363de2bf6ca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0894-0282 1943-7706 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T08:14:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | The American Phytopathological Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| spelling | doaj.art-4134448b21ae4eecb9316363de2bf6ca2022-12-22T00:31:39ZengThe American Phytopathological SocietyMolecular Plant-Microbe Interactions0894-02821943-77062022-06-0135646447610.1094/MPMI-01-22-0026-RTwo AMP-Binding Domain Proteins from Rhizophagus irregularis Involved in Import of Exogenous Fatty AcidsMathias Brands0Peter Dörmann1University of Bonn, Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115 Bonn, GermanyUniversity of Bonn, Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, 53115 Bonn, GermanyArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonize roots, where they provide nutrients in exchange for sugars and lipids. Because AMF lack genes for cytosolic fatty acid de novo synthase (FAS), they depend on host-derived fatty acids. AMF colonization is accompanied by expression of specific lipid genes and synthesis of sn-2 monoacylglycerols (MAGs). It is unknown how host-derived fatty acids are taken up by AMF. We describe the characterization of two AMP-binding domain protein genes from Rhizophagus irregularis, RiFAT1 and RiFAT2, with sequence similarity to Saccharomyces cerevisiae fatty acid transporter 1 (FAT1). Uptake of 13C-myristic acid (14:0) and, to a lesser extent, 13C-palmitic acid (16:0) was enhanced after expression of RiFAT1 or RiFAT2 in S. cerevisiae Δfat1 cells. The uptake of 2H-labeled fatty acids from 2H-myristoylglycerol or 2H-palmitoylglycerol was also increased after RiFAT1 and RiFAT2 expression in Δfat, but intact 2H-MAGs were not detected. RiFAT1 and RiFAT2 expression was induced in colonized roots compared with extraradical mycelium. 13C-label in the AMF-specific palmitvaccenic acid (16:1Δ11) and eicosatrienoic acid (20:3) were detected in colonized roots only when 13C2-acetate was supplemented but not 13C-fatty acids, demonstrating that de novo synthesized, host-derived fatty acids are rapidly taken up by R. irregularis from the roots. The results show that RiFAT1 and RiFAT2 are involved in the uptake of myristic acid (14:0) and palmitic acid (16:0), while fatty acids from MAGs are only taken up after hydrolysis. Therefore, the two proteins might be involved in fatty acid import into the fungal arbuscules in colonized roots.[Graphic: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-01-22-0026-Rarbuscular mycorrhizal fungifatty acid transportmonoacylglycerolmyristic acidpalmitic acidRhizophagus irregularis |
| spellingShingle | Mathias Brands Peter Dörmann Two AMP-Binding Domain Proteins from Rhizophagus irregularis Involved in Import of Exogenous Fatty Acids Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi fatty acid transport monoacylglycerol myristic acid palmitic acid Rhizophagus irregularis |
| title | Two AMP-Binding Domain Proteins from Rhizophagus irregularis Involved in Import of Exogenous Fatty Acids |
| title_full | Two AMP-Binding Domain Proteins from Rhizophagus irregularis Involved in Import of Exogenous Fatty Acids |
| title_fullStr | Two AMP-Binding Domain Proteins from Rhizophagus irregularis Involved in Import of Exogenous Fatty Acids |
| title_full_unstemmed | Two AMP-Binding Domain Proteins from Rhizophagus irregularis Involved in Import of Exogenous Fatty Acids |
| title_short | Two AMP-Binding Domain Proteins from Rhizophagus irregularis Involved in Import of Exogenous Fatty Acids |
| title_sort | two amp binding domain proteins from rhizophagus irregularis involved in import of exogenous fatty acids |
| topic | arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi fatty acid transport monoacylglycerol myristic acid palmitic acid Rhizophagus irregularis |
| url | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-01-22-0026-R |
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