Fine Three‐Dimensional VHF Lightning Mapping Using Waveform Cross‐Correlation TOA Method
Abstract Waveform cross‐correlation approach was first applied to three‐dimensional very high frequency (VHF) lightning mapping. A Hilbert transform of the original waveform and a three‐step cross‐correlation parsing process were employed to compute the time differences with a small 10‐μs time windo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Earth and Space Science |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EA000832 |
| _version_ | 1819069162898587648 |
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| author | Bo Liu Lihua Shi Shi Qiu Hengyi Liu Wansheng Dong Yun Li Zheng Sun |
| author_facet | Bo Liu Lihua Shi Shi Qiu Hengyi Liu Wansheng Dong Yun Li Zheng Sun |
| author_sort | Bo Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Waveform cross‐correlation approach was first applied to three‐dimensional very high frequency (VHF) lightning mapping. A Hilbert transform of the original waveform and a three‐step cross‐correlation parsing process were employed to compute the time differences with a small 10‐μs time window for the final time‐of‐arrival (TOA) positioning. The lightning channel continuity was significantly improved, and its fine structure, including the K process, was clearly distinguished with speeds of up to 1.1 × 107 m/s. The two overlapped K processes indicate the high location accuracy of the time‐of‐arrival, based on the waveform correlation method. The median (mean) values of the positioning precision with the proposed method were evaluated by duplicate located sources and estimated as σx = 20 m (26 m), σy = 19 m (28 m), and σz = 54 m (67 m). |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T16:45:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4142ea0024f04f569fa752aec8e63544 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2333-5084 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T16:45:40Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | American Geophysical Union (AGU) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Earth and Space Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-4142ea0024f04f569fa752aec8e635442022-12-21T18:57:00ZengAmerican Geophysical Union (AGU)Earth and Space Science2333-50842020-01-0171n/an/a10.1029/2019EA000832Fine Three‐Dimensional VHF Lightning Mapping Using Waveform Cross‐Correlation TOA MethodBo Liu0Lihua Shi1Shi Qiu2Hengyi Liu3Wansheng Dong4Yun Li5Zheng Sun6National Key Laboratory on Electromagnetic Environmental Effects and Electro‐Optical Engineering Army Engineering University Nanjing ChinaNational Key Laboratory on Electromagnetic Environmental Effects and Electro‐Optical Engineering Army Engineering University Nanjing ChinaNational Key Laboratory on Electromagnetic Environmental Effects and Electro‐Optical Engineering Army Engineering University Nanjing ChinaLaboratory of Lightning Physics and Protection Engineering, State Key Laboratory of SevereWeather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing ChinaLaboratory of Lightning Physics and Protection Engineering, State Key Laboratory of SevereWeather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing ChinaNational Key Laboratory on Electromagnetic Environmental Effects and Electro‐Optical Engineering Army Engineering University Nanjing ChinaNational Key Laboratory on Electromagnetic Environmental Effects and Electro‐Optical Engineering Army Engineering University Nanjing ChinaAbstract Waveform cross‐correlation approach was first applied to three‐dimensional very high frequency (VHF) lightning mapping. A Hilbert transform of the original waveform and a three‐step cross‐correlation parsing process were employed to compute the time differences with a small 10‐μs time window for the final time‐of‐arrival (TOA) positioning. The lightning channel continuity was significantly improved, and its fine structure, including the K process, was clearly distinguished with speeds of up to 1.1 × 107 m/s. The two overlapped K processes indicate the high location accuracy of the time‐of‐arrival, based on the waveform correlation method. The median (mean) values of the positioning precision with the proposed method were evaluated by duplicate located sources and estimated as σx = 20 m (26 m), σy = 19 m (28 m), and σz = 54 m (67 m).https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EA000832 |
| spellingShingle | Bo Liu Lihua Shi Shi Qiu Hengyi Liu Wansheng Dong Yun Li Zheng Sun Fine Three‐Dimensional VHF Lightning Mapping Using Waveform Cross‐Correlation TOA Method Earth and Space Science |
| title | Fine Three‐Dimensional VHF Lightning Mapping Using Waveform Cross‐Correlation TOA Method |
| title_full | Fine Three‐Dimensional VHF Lightning Mapping Using Waveform Cross‐Correlation TOA Method |
| title_fullStr | Fine Three‐Dimensional VHF Lightning Mapping Using Waveform Cross‐Correlation TOA Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fine Three‐Dimensional VHF Lightning Mapping Using Waveform Cross‐Correlation TOA Method |
| title_short | Fine Three‐Dimensional VHF Lightning Mapping Using Waveform Cross‐Correlation TOA Method |
| title_sort | fine three dimensional vhf lightning mapping using waveform cross correlation toa method |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EA000832 |
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