Light intensity physical activity is beneficially associated with brain volume in older adults with high cardiovascular risk
BackgroundOlder people with high cardiovascular risk, including those without cardiovascular diseases, are an at-risk population for dementia. Regular physical activity is generally recommended to maintain brain health; however, the optimal intensity of physical activity for maintaining brain volume...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.882562/full |
| _version_ | 1828781925849890816 |
|---|---|
| author | Keitaro Makino Keitaro Makino Sangyoon Lee Seongryu Bae Kenji Harada Ippei Chiba Osamu Katayama Osamu Katayama Kouki Tomida Masanori Morikawa Yukari Yamashiro Motoki Sudo Naoto Takayanagi Hiroyuki Shimada |
| author_facet | Keitaro Makino Keitaro Makino Sangyoon Lee Seongryu Bae Kenji Harada Ippei Chiba Osamu Katayama Osamu Katayama Kouki Tomida Masanori Morikawa Yukari Yamashiro Motoki Sudo Naoto Takayanagi Hiroyuki Shimada |
| author_sort | Keitaro Makino |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundOlder people with high cardiovascular risk, including those without cardiovascular diseases, are an at-risk population for dementia. Regular physical activity is generally recommended to maintain brain health; however, the optimal intensity of physical activity for maintaining brain volume in older adults with cardiovascular risk remains unclear. We examined the associations between intensity-specific physical activity and brain volume stratified by absolute cardiovascular risk level in older adults without cardiovascular diseases.Methods and resultsThis cross-sectional study involved 725 community-dwelling older Japanese adults without cardiovascular diseases. We estimated absolute cardiovascular risk using the World Health Organization risk estimation charts, which include variables such as age, sex, diabetes mellitus, smoking, systolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol, and stratified cardiovascular risk level into three risk categories: low (≤ 9%), moderate (10–14%), and high (≥15%). We measured daily physical activity using a triaxial accelerometer, and calculated the average time spent in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and light intensity physical activity (LPA). We performed brain T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and calculated the volume of the cortical gray matter, subcortical gray matter, and cerebral white matter, using the FreeSurfer software. In the overall sample, multivariable linear regression analysis showed that greater MVPA was significantly associated with greater volume of the cortical gray matter and cerebral white matter, and greater LPA was significantly associated with greater volume of the cerebral white matter. Additionally, in the analysis of the sample stratified by absolute cardiovascular risk level, cerebral white matter volume was significantly associated with both MVPA and LPA in the high cardiovascular risk group.ConclusionsThe association between physical activity and brain volume differed according to cardiovascular risk level in community-dwelling older adults. In a population at high cardiovascular risk, maintaining or increasing LPA might be a practical and achievable strategy for healthy brain aging. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T17:40:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-41432800b1594846aa30b15927f5fa6d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-055X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T17:40:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-41432800b1594846aa30b15927f5fa6d2022-12-22T00:56:31ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2022-07-01910.3389/fcvm.2022.882562882562Light intensity physical activity is beneficially associated with brain volume in older adults with high cardiovascular riskKeitaro Makino0Keitaro Makino1Sangyoon Lee2Seongryu Bae3Kenji Harada4Ippei Chiba5Osamu Katayama6Osamu Katayama7Kouki Tomida8Masanori Morikawa9Yukari Yamashiro10Motoki Sudo11Naoto Takayanagi12Hiroyuki Shimada13Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, JapanJapan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, JapanDepartment of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, JapanDepartment of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, JapanDepartment of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, JapanDepartment of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, JapanJapan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, JapanDepartment of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, JapanTokyo Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tokyo, JapanTokyo Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tokyo, JapanTokyo Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tokyo, JapanCenter for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, JapanBackgroundOlder people with high cardiovascular risk, including those without cardiovascular diseases, are an at-risk population for dementia. Regular physical activity is generally recommended to maintain brain health; however, the optimal intensity of physical activity for maintaining brain volume in older adults with cardiovascular risk remains unclear. We examined the associations between intensity-specific physical activity and brain volume stratified by absolute cardiovascular risk level in older adults without cardiovascular diseases.Methods and resultsThis cross-sectional study involved 725 community-dwelling older Japanese adults without cardiovascular diseases. We estimated absolute cardiovascular risk using the World Health Organization risk estimation charts, which include variables such as age, sex, diabetes mellitus, smoking, systolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol, and stratified cardiovascular risk level into three risk categories: low (≤ 9%), moderate (10–14%), and high (≥15%). We measured daily physical activity using a triaxial accelerometer, and calculated the average time spent in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and light intensity physical activity (LPA). We performed brain T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and calculated the volume of the cortical gray matter, subcortical gray matter, and cerebral white matter, using the FreeSurfer software. In the overall sample, multivariable linear regression analysis showed that greater MVPA was significantly associated with greater volume of the cortical gray matter and cerebral white matter, and greater LPA was significantly associated with greater volume of the cerebral white matter. Additionally, in the analysis of the sample stratified by absolute cardiovascular risk level, cerebral white matter volume was significantly associated with both MVPA and LPA in the high cardiovascular risk group.ConclusionsThe association between physical activity and brain volume differed according to cardiovascular risk level in community-dwelling older adults. In a population at high cardiovascular risk, maintaining or increasing LPA might be a practical and achievable strategy for healthy brain aging.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.882562/fullphysical activitycardiovascular diseaserisk scorebrain atrophycommunity setting |
| spellingShingle | Keitaro Makino Keitaro Makino Sangyoon Lee Seongryu Bae Kenji Harada Ippei Chiba Osamu Katayama Osamu Katayama Kouki Tomida Masanori Morikawa Yukari Yamashiro Motoki Sudo Naoto Takayanagi Hiroyuki Shimada Light intensity physical activity is beneficially associated with brain volume in older adults with high cardiovascular risk Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine physical activity cardiovascular disease risk score brain atrophy community setting |
| title | Light intensity physical activity is beneficially associated with brain volume in older adults with high cardiovascular risk |
| title_full | Light intensity physical activity is beneficially associated with brain volume in older adults with high cardiovascular risk |
| title_fullStr | Light intensity physical activity is beneficially associated with brain volume in older adults with high cardiovascular risk |
| title_full_unstemmed | Light intensity physical activity is beneficially associated with brain volume in older adults with high cardiovascular risk |
| title_short | Light intensity physical activity is beneficially associated with brain volume in older adults with high cardiovascular risk |
| title_sort | light intensity physical activity is beneficially associated with brain volume in older adults with high cardiovascular risk |
| topic | physical activity cardiovascular disease risk score brain atrophy community setting |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.882562/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT keitaromakino lightintensityphysicalactivityisbeneficiallyassociatedwithbrainvolumeinolderadultswithhighcardiovascularrisk AT keitaromakino lightintensityphysicalactivityisbeneficiallyassociatedwithbrainvolumeinolderadultswithhighcardiovascularrisk AT sangyoonlee lightintensityphysicalactivityisbeneficiallyassociatedwithbrainvolumeinolderadultswithhighcardiovascularrisk AT seongryubae lightintensityphysicalactivityisbeneficiallyassociatedwithbrainvolumeinolderadultswithhighcardiovascularrisk AT kenjiharada lightintensityphysicalactivityisbeneficiallyassociatedwithbrainvolumeinolderadultswithhighcardiovascularrisk AT ippeichiba lightintensityphysicalactivityisbeneficiallyassociatedwithbrainvolumeinolderadultswithhighcardiovascularrisk AT osamukatayama lightintensityphysicalactivityisbeneficiallyassociatedwithbrainvolumeinolderadultswithhighcardiovascularrisk AT osamukatayama lightintensityphysicalactivityisbeneficiallyassociatedwithbrainvolumeinolderadultswithhighcardiovascularrisk AT koukitomida lightintensityphysicalactivityisbeneficiallyassociatedwithbrainvolumeinolderadultswithhighcardiovascularrisk AT masanorimorikawa lightintensityphysicalactivityisbeneficiallyassociatedwithbrainvolumeinolderadultswithhighcardiovascularrisk AT yukariyamashiro lightintensityphysicalactivityisbeneficiallyassociatedwithbrainvolumeinolderadultswithhighcardiovascularrisk AT motokisudo lightintensityphysicalactivityisbeneficiallyassociatedwithbrainvolumeinolderadultswithhighcardiovascularrisk AT naototakayanagi lightintensityphysicalactivityisbeneficiallyassociatedwithbrainvolumeinolderadultswithhighcardiovascularrisk AT hiroyukishimada lightintensityphysicalactivityisbeneficiallyassociatedwithbrainvolumeinolderadultswithhighcardiovascularrisk |