Genotype × Environment Interactions of Industrial Hemp Cultivars Highlight Diverse Responses to Environmental Factors
Core Ideas Some hemp traits are more strongly affected by environmental factors than others. Multi‐environment testing is an integral part of hemp cultivar development. Water availability can have a significant impact on yield and other traits. Starting with the 2014 Farm Bill, hemp (Cannabis sativa...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.2134/age2018.11.0057 |
| _version_ | 1828365553732943872 |
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| author | Brian J. Campbell Abdel F. Berrada Chris Hudalla Stefano Amaducci John K. McKay |
| author_facet | Brian J. Campbell Abdel F. Berrada Chris Hudalla Stefano Amaducci John K. McKay |
| author_sort | Brian J. Campbell |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Core Ideas Some hemp traits are more strongly affected by environmental factors than others. Multi‐environment testing is an integral part of hemp cultivar development. Water availability can have a significant impact on yield and other traits. Starting with the 2014 Farm Bill, hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is being re‐introduced as an industrial crop in the United States. Since the crop has been absent for over 70 yr, little is known regarding the genetic mechanisms controlling economically relevant traits. Particularly, with federal legality of the crop hinging on a stringent tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content of 0.3% or less, it is necessary to assess variance in this trait due to environmental effects and genotype × environment interactions (GEI) to avoid running afoul of federal law. Understanding how physical and biochemical traits respond to the environment also plays a strong role in selecting and developing appropriate cultivars for production in diverse growing regions. In 2016 we performed cultivar trials in multiple environments in Colorado to assess performance characteristics of a diverse set of germplasm from breeding programs across Europe and Asia. From these data, we were able to identify traits nearly entirely controlled by genetic factors, like days to maturity and THC and cannabidiol (CBD) production. We also identified traits strongly influenced by the environment and GEI, like grain yield, plant height, and water use. Individual cultivars also exhibited widely varying degrees of sensitivity to the environment. This underscores the importance of continued work to characterize genetic control of hemp traits to expedite breeding of cultivars that are well‐adapted to target growing regions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T05:32:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-414d84aeaf05491488beb0f5592270c0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2639-6696 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T05:32:37Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment |
| spelling | doaj.art-414d84aeaf05491488beb0f5592270c02022-12-22T02:09:44ZengWileyAgrosystems, Geosciences & Environment2639-66962019-01-012111110.2134/age2018.11.0057Genotype × Environment Interactions of Industrial Hemp Cultivars Highlight Diverse Responses to Environmental FactorsBrian J. Campbell0Abdel F. Berrada1Chris Hudalla2Stefano Amaducci3John K. McKay4Colorado State Univ.Dep. of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management307 University AveFort CollinsCO80523Colorado State Univ.Dep. of Soil and Crop Sciences307 University AveFort CollinsCO80523ProVerde Laboratories420 Fortune Blvd.MilfordMA01757Dep. of Sustainable Crop ProductionUniv. Cattolica del Sacro Cuorevia Emilia Parmense, 84PiacenzaItalyColorado State Univ.Dep. of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management307 University AveFort CollinsCO80523Core Ideas Some hemp traits are more strongly affected by environmental factors than others. Multi‐environment testing is an integral part of hemp cultivar development. Water availability can have a significant impact on yield and other traits. Starting with the 2014 Farm Bill, hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is being re‐introduced as an industrial crop in the United States. Since the crop has been absent for over 70 yr, little is known regarding the genetic mechanisms controlling economically relevant traits. Particularly, with federal legality of the crop hinging on a stringent tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content of 0.3% or less, it is necessary to assess variance in this trait due to environmental effects and genotype × environment interactions (GEI) to avoid running afoul of federal law. Understanding how physical and biochemical traits respond to the environment also plays a strong role in selecting and developing appropriate cultivars for production in diverse growing regions. In 2016 we performed cultivar trials in multiple environments in Colorado to assess performance characteristics of a diverse set of germplasm from breeding programs across Europe and Asia. From these data, we were able to identify traits nearly entirely controlled by genetic factors, like days to maturity and THC and cannabidiol (CBD) production. We also identified traits strongly influenced by the environment and GEI, like grain yield, plant height, and water use. Individual cultivars also exhibited widely varying degrees of sensitivity to the environment. This underscores the importance of continued work to characterize genetic control of hemp traits to expedite breeding of cultivars that are well‐adapted to target growing regions.https://doi.org/10.2134/age2018.11.0057 |
| spellingShingle | Brian J. Campbell Abdel F. Berrada Chris Hudalla Stefano Amaducci John K. McKay Genotype × Environment Interactions of Industrial Hemp Cultivars Highlight Diverse Responses to Environmental Factors Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment |
| title | Genotype × Environment Interactions of Industrial Hemp Cultivars Highlight Diverse Responses to Environmental Factors |
| title_full | Genotype × Environment Interactions of Industrial Hemp Cultivars Highlight Diverse Responses to Environmental Factors |
| title_fullStr | Genotype × Environment Interactions of Industrial Hemp Cultivars Highlight Diverse Responses to Environmental Factors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genotype × Environment Interactions of Industrial Hemp Cultivars Highlight Diverse Responses to Environmental Factors |
| title_short | Genotype × Environment Interactions of Industrial Hemp Cultivars Highlight Diverse Responses to Environmental Factors |
| title_sort | genotype environment interactions of industrial hemp cultivars highlight diverse responses to environmental factors |
| url | https://doi.org/10.2134/age2018.11.0057 |
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