Genomic Insights into Achromobacter mucicolens IA Antibiotic Resistance
ABSTRACT Achromobacter denitrificans is an environmental opportunistic pathogen that is infecting a large number of immunocompromised patients. A more recently identified strain from the historical collection of strains of Achromobacter denitrificans is Achromobacter mucicolens. In hosts with a vari...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society for Microbiology
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Microbiology Spectrum |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01916-21 |
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| author | Sura Ali Al-Asadi Rusul Emaduldeen S. Al-Kahachi Wifaq M. Ali Alwattar Jamila Bootwala Majeed Arsheed Sabbah |
| author_facet | Sura Ali Al-Asadi Rusul Emaduldeen S. Al-Kahachi Wifaq M. Ali Alwattar Jamila Bootwala Majeed Arsheed Sabbah |
| author_sort | Sura Ali Al-Asadi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Achromobacter denitrificans is an environmental opportunistic pathogen that is infecting a large number of immunocompromised patients. A more recently identified strain from the historical collection of strains of Achromobacter denitrificans is Achromobacter mucicolens. In hosts with a variety of underlying diseases, Achromobacter spp. can induce a wide spectrum of disorders. Because of the bacterium’s intrinsic genetic constitution and resistance gained over time, antibiotics are challenged to handle A. mucicolens. Due to the fact that A. mucicolens is rare and its taxonomy is not completely understood, it is difficult to define clinical symptoms, acquisition risk factors, and thus the best therapeutic course of action. To help comprehend this intrinsic and acquired resistance, we analyzed the entire genome of the A. mucicolens IA strain and utilized bioinformatics methods to estimate the strain's probable drug resistance profile. In our study, we have isolated and cultured a clinically important A. mucicolens strain and subjected it to antimicrobial susceptibility tests against antibiotics in the Vitek 2 testing system. The strain’s genome sequence as well as an investigation of 27 of its phenotypic traits provides important information regarding this pathogen. The genome of this A. mucicolens IA strain possesses a number of antibiotic resistance genes that code for efflux pump systems and other antibiotic-regulating as well as -modifying enzymes. Our research analysis predicted genes involved in drug resistance, including genes for efflux pump systems, antibiotic efflux, antibiotic inactivation, and antibiotic target alteration. In vitro studies validated the genomic evidence for its ability to exhibit resistance against a wide range of antibiotics. Our investigation paves the way for more research on understanding the functioning of the key discovered genes that contribute toward the pathogenicity of A. mucicolens and hence gives new information and treatment options for this emerging pathogen. IMPORTANCE Achromobacter species are well-known opportunistic human pathogens that can be found in water and soil and most commonly in hospital settings. They thrive in immunocompromised individuals, producing sporadic cases of pneumonia, septicemia, peritonitis, urinary tract infections, and other illnesses. Achromobacter strains are inherently resistant to a wide spectrum of antibiotics, making them difficult to treat promptly. The strain under study, A. mucicolens, was notably resistant to various antibiotics, and the infection could be controlled only after several rounds of prescription medications at different doses. This consumed a lot of time and put the already immunosuppressed leukemic patient through a great ordeal. The study aimed to raise awareness about the importance of the Achromobacter bacterium’s lethality, and doctors should evaluate the bacterium’s potential for resistance before prescribing antibiotics. Sanitation and other precautions should also be implemented in hospitals and other public places. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T11:12:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-415402c9d3934c468bde39b0e0afebec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2165-0497 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T11:12:47Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbiology Spectrum |
| spelling | doaj.art-415402c9d3934c468bde39b0e0afebec2022-12-22T01:51:21ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologyMicrobiology Spectrum2165-04972022-04-0110210.1128/spectrum.01916-21Genomic Insights into Achromobacter mucicolens IA Antibiotic ResistanceSura Ali Al-Asadi0Rusul Emaduldeen S. Al-Kahachi1Wifaq M. Ali Alwattar2Jamila Bootwala3Majeed Arsheed Sabbah4Health and Medical Technology College Baghdad, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, IraqIraqi Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Deputy of Scholarships and Cultural Relationship, Baghdad, IraqUnit of Clinical and Communicable Diseases, College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, IraqGenejenie, Genomics Department, Mumbai, IndiaForensic DNA Center, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IraqABSTRACT Achromobacter denitrificans is an environmental opportunistic pathogen that is infecting a large number of immunocompromised patients. A more recently identified strain from the historical collection of strains of Achromobacter denitrificans is Achromobacter mucicolens. In hosts with a variety of underlying diseases, Achromobacter spp. can induce a wide spectrum of disorders. Because of the bacterium’s intrinsic genetic constitution and resistance gained over time, antibiotics are challenged to handle A. mucicolens. Due to the fact that A. mucicolens is rare and its taxonomy is not completely understood, it is difficult to define clinical symptoms, acquisition risk factors, and thus the best therapeutic course of action. To help comprehend this intrinsic and acquired resistance, we analyzed the entire genome of the A. mucicolens IA strain and utilized bioinformatics methods to estimate the strain's probable drug resistance profile. In our study, we have isolated and cultured a clinically important A. mucicolens strain and subjected it to antimicrobial susceptibility tests against antibiotics in the Vitek 2 testing system. The strain’s genome sequence as well as an investigation of 27 of its phenotypic traits provides important information regarding this pathogen. The genome of this A. mucicolens IA strain possesses a number of antibiotic resistance genes that code for efflux pump systems and other antibiotic-regulating as well as -modifying enzymes. Our research analysis predicted genes involved in drug resistance, including genes for efflux pump systems, antibiotic efflux, antibiotic inactivation, and antibiotic target alteration. In vitro studies validated the genomic evidence for its ability to exhibit resistance against a wide range of antibiotics. Our investigation paves the way for more research on understanding the functioning of the key discovered genes that contribute toward the pathogenicity of A. mucicolens and hence gives new information and treatment options for this emerging pathogen. IMPORTANCE Achromobacter species are well-known opportunistic human pathogens that can be found in water and soil and most commonly in hospital settings. They thrive in immunocompromised individuals, producing sporadic cases of pneumonia, septicemia, peritonitis, urinary tract infections, and other illnesses. Achromobacter strains are inherently resistant to a wide spectrum of antibiotics, making them difficult to treat promptly. The strain under study, A. mucicolens, was notably resistant to various antibiotics, and the infection could be controlled only after several rounds of prescription medications at different doses. This consumed a lot of time and put the already immunosuppressed leukemic patient through a great ordeal. The study aimed to raise awareness about the importance of the Achromobacter bacterium’s lethality, and doctors should evaluate the bacterium’s potential for resistance before prescribing antibiotics. Sanitation and other precautions should also be implemented in hospitals and other public places.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01916-21microbial antibiotic resistancebioinformaticsepidemiologymicrobial pathogenesisantibiotic resistanceantibiotic susceptibility |
| spellingShingle | Sura Ali Al-Asadi Rusul Emaduldeen S. Al-Kahachi Wifaq M. Ali Alwattar Jamila Bootwala Majeed Arsheed Sabbah Genomic Insights into Achromobacter mucicolens IA Antibiotic Resistance Microbiology Spectrum microbial antibiotic resistance bioinformatics epidemiology microbial pathogenesis antibiotic resistance antibiotic susceptibility |
| title | Genomic Insights into Achromobacter mucicolens IA Antibiotic Resistance |
| title_full | Genomic Insights into Achromobacter mucicolens IA Antibiotic Resistance |
| title_fullStr | Genomic Insights into Achromobacter mucicolens IA Antibiotic Resistance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genomic Insights into Achromobacter mucicolens IA Antibiotic Resistance |
| title_short | Genomic Insights into Achromobacter mucicolens IA Antibiotic Resistance |
| title_sort | genomic insights into achromobacter mucicolens ia antibiotic resistance |
| topic | microbial antibiotic resistance bioinformatics epidemiology microbial pathogenesis antibiotic resistance antibiotic susceptibility |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01916-21 |
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