Genetic Diversity in Peripheral Pedunculate Oak (<i>Quercus robur</i> L.) Provenances—Potential Climate Change Mitigators in the Center of Distribution despite Challenges in Natural Populations
Croatian pedunculate oak (<i>Quercus robur</i> L.) populations represent southern range peripheral populations, often viewed as sources of valuable diversity and drought-resistant ecotypes. At the same time, they endure stronger selection pressures as a result of climate change. The leav...
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Forests |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/12/2290 |
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| author | Maja Popović Ida Katičić Bogdan Filip Varga Zlatko Šatović Saša Bogdan Mladen Ivanković |
| author_facet | Maja Popović Ida Katičić Bogdan Filip Varga Zlatko Šatović Saša Bogdan Mladen Ivanković |
| author_sort | Maja Popović |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Croatian pedunculate oak (<i>Quercus robur</i> L.) populations represent southern range peripheral populations, often viewed as sources of valuable diversity and drought-resistant ecotypes. At the same time, they endure stronger selection pressures as a result of climate change. The leaves of 20 individuals per population (17) were sampled in a field trial and analyzed using 10 nuclear and 9 chloroplast SSRs to determine the level of intrapopulation genetic variability and genetic differentiation. Analysis with nSSRs revealed deviation from HWE in seven populations. AMOVA showed a high intra-population diversity (98.53%) and a small but statistically significant inter-population differentiation. Isolation by distance explained 19.6% of differentiation. Average <i>F<sub>ST</sub></i> between populations was low (0.013) compared with usual values for peripheral populations. Populations were rich in cpSSR haplotypes, confirming the hotspot of diversity caused by the encounter of recolonization routes. Unbiased haplotype diversity (<i>H<sub>E</sub></i>) from 9 chloroplast SSRs and 325 individuals was (<i>H<sub>E</sub></i> = 0.440). Sixty-six different haplotypes were grouped in three maternal lineages by both a median-joining network and a neighbor-joining algorithm. AMOVA for cpSSRs showed statistically significant diversity among populations (70.23%), suggesting genetic differentiation, but also a probable anthropogenic effect. AMOVA of nSSRs within and between lineages showed that original recolonization patterns of nuclear diversity were subsequently erased by gene flow. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:45:33Z |
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| id | doaj.art-4154b8072d944bdc8e1480afb6efcacf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:45:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-4154b8072d944bdc8e1480afb6efcacf2023-12-22T14:09:15ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072023-11-011412229010.3390/f14122290Genetic Diversity in Peripheral Pedunculate Oak (<i>Quercus robur</i> L.) Provenances—Potential Climate Change Mitigators in the Center of Distribution despite Challenges in Natural PopulationsMaja Popović0Ida Katičić Bogdan1Filip Varga2Zlatko Šatović3Saša Bogdan4Mladen Ivanković5Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaFaculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaFaculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaFaculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaFaculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaCroatian Forest Research Institute, 10450 Jastrebarsko, CroatiaCroatian pedunculate oak (<i>Quercus robur</i> L.) populations represent southern range peripheral populations, often viewed as sources of valuable diversity and drought-resistant ecotypes. At the same time, they endure stronger selection pressures as a result of climate change. The leaves of 20 individuals per population (17) were sampled in a field trial and analyzed using 10 nuclear and 9 chloroplast SSRs to determine the level of intrapopulation genetic variability and genetic differentiation. Analysis with nSSRs revealed deviation from HWE in seven populations. AMOVA showed a high intra-population diversity (98.53%) and a small but statistically significant inter-population differentiation. Isolation by distance explained 19.6% of differentiation. Average <i>F<sub>ST</sub></i> between populations was low (0.013) compared with usual values for peripheral populations. Populations were rich in cpSSR haplotypes, confirming the hotspot of diversity caused by the encounter of recolonization routes. Unbiased haplotype diversity (<i>H<sub>E</sub></i>) from 9 chloroplast SSRs and 325 individuals was (<i>H<sub>E</sub></i> = 0.440). Sixty-six different haplotypes were grouped in three maternal lineages by both a median-joining network and a neighbor-joining algorithm. AMOVA for cpSSRs showed statistically significant diversity among populations (70.23%), suggesting genetic differentiation, but also a probable anthropogenic effect. AMOVA of nSSRs within and between lineages showed that original recolonization patterns of nuclear diversity were subsequently erased by gene flow.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/12/2290peripheral populationsnSSRscpSSRsinbreedingdifferentiationdiversity hotspot |
| spellingShingle | Maja Popović Ida Katičić Bogdan Filip Varga Zlatko Šatović Saša Bogdan Mladen Ivanković Genetic Diversity in Peripheral Pedunculate Oak (<i>Quercus robur</i> L.) Provenances—Potential Climate Change Mitigators in the Center of Distribution despite Challenges in Natural Populations Forests peripheral populations nSSRs cpSSRs inbreeding differentiation diversity hotspot |
| title | Genetic Diversity in Peripheral Pedunculate Oak (<i>Quercus robur</i> L.) Provenances—Potential Climate Change Mitigators in the Center of Distribution despite Challenges in Natural Populations |
| title_full | Genetic Diversity in Peripheral Pedunculate Oak (<i>Quercus robur</i> L.) Provenances—Potential Climate Change Mitigators in the Center of Distribution despite Challenges in Natural Populations |
| title_fullStr | Genetic Diversity in Peripheral Pedunculate Oak (<i>Quercus robur</i> L.) Provenances—Potential Climate Change Mitigators in the Center of Distribution despite Challenges in Natural Populations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic Diversity in Peripheral Pedunculate Oak (<i>Quercus robur</i> L.) Provenances—Potential Climate Change Mitigators in the Center of Distribution despite Challenges in Natural Populations |
| title_short | Genetic Diversity in Peripheral Pedunculate Oak (<i>Quercus robur</i> L.) Provenances—Potential Climate Change Mitigators in the Center of Distribution despite Challenges in Natural Populations |
| title_sort | genetic diversity in peripheral pedunculate oak i quercus robur i l provenances potential climate change mitigators in the center of distribution despite challenges in natural populations |
| topic | peripheral populations nSSRs cpSSRs inbreeding differentiation diversity hotspot |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/12/2290 |
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