Comparative Mitogenomics of True Frogs (Ranidae, Anura), and Its Implications for the Phylogeny and Evolutionary History of <i>Rana</i>
The true frogs of the genus <i>Rana</i> are a complex and diverse group, containing approximately 60 species with wide distribution across Eurasia and the Americas. Recently, many new species have been discovered with the help of molecular markers and morphological traits. However, the e...
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2022-05-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/10/1250 |
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| author | Wan Chen Weiya Qian Keer Miao Ruen Qian Sijia Yuan Wei Liu Jianhua Dai Chaochao Hu Qing Chang |
| author_facet | Wan Chen Weiya Qian Keer Miao Ruen Qian Sijia Yuan Wei Liu Jianhua Dai Chaochao Hu Qing Chang |
| author_sort | Wan Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The true frogs of the genus <i>Rana</i> are a complex and diverse group, containing approximately 60 species with wide distribution across Eurasia and the Americas. Recently, many new species have been discovered with the help of molecular markers and morphological traits. However, the evolutionary history in <i>Rana</i> was not well understood and might be limited by the absence of mitogenome information. In this study, we sequenced and annotated the complete mitochondrial genome of <i>R. longicrus</i> and <i>R. zhenhaiensis</i>, containing 22 tRNAs, 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNAs, and a non-coding region, with 17,502 bp and 18,006 bp in length, respectively. In 13 protein codon genes, the COI was the most conserved, and ATP8 had a fast rate of evolution. The Ka/Ks ratio analysis among <i>Rana</i> indicated the protein-coding genes were suffering purify selection. There were three kinds of gene arrangement patterns found. The mitochondrial gene arrangement was not related to species diversification, and several independent shifts happened in evolutionary history. Climate fluctuation and environmental change may have played an essential role in species diversification in <i>Rana</i>. This study provides mitochondrial genetic information, improving our understanding of mitogenomic structure and evolution, and recognizes the phylogenetic relationship and taxonomy among <i>Rana</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:28:08Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:28:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-416a76254dbc460595b97b6bd4fca9882023-11-23T09:46:09ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-05-011210125010.3390/ani12101250Comparative Mitogenomics of True Frogs (Ranidae, Anura), and Its Implications for the Phylogeny and Evolutionary History of <i>Rana</i>Wan Chen0Weiya Qian1Keer Miao2Ruen Qian3Sijia Yuan4Wei Liu5Jianhua Dai6Chaochao Hu7Qing Chang8Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, ChinaCollege of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu Open University (The City Vocational College of Jiangsu), Nanjing 210036, ChinaCollege of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu Open University (The City Vocational College of Jiangsu), Nanjing 210036, ChinaNanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, ChinaThe true frogs of the genus <i>Rana</i> are a complex and diverse group, containing approximately 60 species with wide distribution across Eurasia and the Americas. Recently, many new species have been discovered with the help of molecular markers and morphological traits. However, the evolutionary history in <i>Rana</i> was not well understood and might be limited by the absence of mitogenome information. In this study, we sequenced and annotated the complete mitochondrial genome of <i>R. longicrus</i> and <i>R. zhenhaiensis</i>, containing 22 tRNAs, 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNAs, and a non-coding region, with 17,502 bp and 18,006 bp in length, respectively. In 13 protein codon genes, the COI was the most conserved, and ATP8 had a fast rate of evolution. The Ka/Ks ratio analysis among <i>Rana</i> indicated the protein-coding genes were suffering purify selection. There were three kinds of gene arrangement patterns found. The mitochondrial gene arrangement was not related to species diversification, and several independent shifts happened in evolutionary history. Climate fluctuation and environmental change may have played an essential role in species diversification in <i>Rana</i>. This study provides mitochondrial genetic information, improving our understanding of mitogenomic structure and evolution, and recognizes the phylogenetic relationship and taxonomy among <i>Rana</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/10/1250<i>Rana</i>mitochondrial genomegene ordergene arrangementphylogeny |
| spellingShingle | Wan Chen Weiya Qian Keer Miao Ruen Qian Sijia Yuan Wei Liu Jianhua Dai Chaochao Hu Qing Chang Comparative Mitogenomics of True Frogs (Ranidae, Anura), and Its Implications for the Phylogeny and Evolutionary History of <i>Rana</i> Animals <i>Rana</i> mitochondrial genome gene order gene arrangement phylogeny |
| title | Comparative Mitogenomics of True Frogs (Ranidae, Anura), and Its Implications for the Phylogeny and Evolutionary History of <i>Rana</i> |
| title_full | Comparative Mitogenomics of True Frogs (Ranidae, Anura), and Its Implications for the Phylogeny and Evolutionary History of <i>Rana</i> |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Mitogenomics of True Frogs (Ranidae, Anura), and Its Implications for the Phylogeny and Evolutionary History of <i>Rana</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Mitogenomics of True Frogs (Ranidae, Anura), and Its Implications for the Phylogeny and Evolutionary History of <i>Rana</i> |
| title_short | Comparative Mitogenomics of True Frogs (Ranidae, Anura), and Its Implications for the Phylogeny and Evolutionary History of <i>Rana</i> |
| title_sort | comparative mitogenomics of true frogs ranidae anura and its implications for the phylogeny and evolutionary history of i rana i |
| topic | <i>Rana</i> mitochondrial genome gene order gene arrangement phylogeny |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/10/1250 |
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