Influence of Supersaturation, Temperature and Rotational Speed on Induction Time of Calcium Sulfate Crystallization
Calcium sulfate is a very important product of precipitation reactions in various branches of industry. The most common applications include building materials, impression materials in dentistry, immobilizing casts and an inactive ingredient of tablet excipients. It is also used as a drying agent an...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Crystals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/10/1236 |
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| author | Agata Małysiak Szymon Orda Michał Drzazga |
| author_facet | Agata Małysiak Szymon Orda Michał Drzazga |
| author_sort | Agata Małysiak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Calcium sulfate is a very important product of precipitation reactions in various branches of industry. The most common applications include building materials, impression materials in dentistry, immobilizing casts and an inactive ingredient of tablet excipients. It is also used as a drying agent and color glaze. In this paper, influence of various conditions, i.e., substrates concentration (supersaturation), temperature and rotational speed on induction time was investigated. The range of investigated parameters was 0.15–0.35 M for concentration with step of 0.05 M, 298–323 K with step of 5 K for temperature, and 1.67–8.33 s<sup>−1</sup> for rotational speed with change every 1.67 s<sup>−1</sup>. The experiments were performed using visual and turbidimetric methods. It was proven that increase in all three investigated parameters resulted in shorter induction time. The turbidimetric method was found to be more precise, but still insufficient for concentrations below 0.15 M. Moreover, as a result of data analysis, a simple method of induction time calculation was proposed when arbitrary measurements in various concentrations are known. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:38:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-416d827aba374c0ab69f60fe8ccd40b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:38:24Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj.art-416d827aba374c0ab69f60fe8ccd40b82023-11-22T17:53:45ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522021-10-011110123610.3390/cryst11101236Influence of Supersaturation, Temperature and Rotational Speed on Induction Time of Calcium Sulfate CrystallizationAgata Małysiak0Szymon Orda1Michał Drzazga2Department of Chemical Engineering and Process Design, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Strzody 7, 44-100 Gliwice, PolandŁukasiewicz Research Network, Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals, Centre of Hydroelectrometallurgy, ul. Sowińskiego 5, 44-100 Gliwice, PolandŁukasiewicz Research Network, Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals, Centre of Hydroelectrometallurgy, ul. Sowińskiego 5, 44-100 Gliwice, PolandCalcium sulfate is a very important product of precipitation reactions in various branches of industry. The most common applications include building materials, impression materials in dentistry, immobilizing casts and an inactive ingredient of tablet excipients. It is also used as a drying agent and color glaze. In this paper, influence of various conditions, i.e., substrates concentration (supersaturation), temperature and rotational speed on induction time was investigated. The range of investigated parameters was 0.15–0.35 M for concentration with step of 0.05 M, 298–323 K with step of 5 K for temperature, and 1.67–8.33 s<sup>−1</sup> for rotational speed with change every 1.67 s<sup>−1</sup>. The experiments were performed using visual and turbidimetric methods. It was proven that increase in all three investigated parameters resulted in shorter induction time. The turbidimetric method was found to be more precise, but still insufficient for concentrations below 0.15 M. Moreover, as a result of data analysis, a simple method of induction time calculation was proposed when arbitrary measurements in various concentrations are known.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/10/1236induction timeprecipitationcalcium sulfatecrystallization with chemical reaction |
| spellingShingle | Agata Małysiak Szymon Orda Michał Drzazga Influence of Supersaturation, Temperature and Rotational Speed on Induction Time of Calcium Sulfate Crystallization Crystals induction time precipitation calcium sulfate crystallization with chemical reaction |
| title | Influence of Supersaturation, Temperature and Rotational Speed on Induction Time of Calcium Sulfate Crystallization |
| title_full | Influence of Supersaturation, Temperature and Rotational Speed on Induction Time of Calcium Sulfate Crystallization |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Supersaturation, Temperature and Rotational Speed on Induction Time of Calcium Sulfate Crystallization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Supersaturation, Temperature and Rotational Speed on Induction Time of Calcium Sulfate Crystallization |
| title_short | Influence of Supersaturation, Temperature and Rotational Speed on Induction Time of Calcium Sulfate Crystallization |
| title_sort | influence of supersaturation temperature and rotational speed on induction time of calcium sulfate crystallization |
| topic | induction time precipitation calcium sulfate crystallization with chemical reaction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/10/1236 |
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