<i>Dunaliella salina</i> Microalga Restores the Metabolic Equilibrium and Ameliorates the Hepatic Inflammatory Response Induced by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in Male Zebrafish
Microalgae are rich in bioactive compounds including pigments, proteins, lipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, carbohydrates, and vitamins. Due to their non-toxic and nutritious characteristics, these are suggested as important food for many aquatic animals. <i>Dunaliella salina</i> is a...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| author | Suzan Attia Mawed Gerardo Centoducati Mayada R. Farag Mahmoud Alagawany Shimaa M. Abou-Zeid Walaa M. Elhady Mohamed T. El-Saadony Alessandro Di Cerbo Sheren A. Al-Zahaby |
| author_facet | Suzan Attia Mawed Gerardo Centoducati Mayada R. Farag Mahmoud Alagawany Shimaa M. Abou-Zeid Walaa M. Elhady Mohamed T. El-Saadony Alessandro Di Cerbo Sheren A. Al-Zahaby |
| author_sort | Suzan Attia Mawed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Microalgae are rich in bioactive compounds including pigments, proteins, lipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, carbohydrates, and vitamins. Due to their non-toxic and nutritious characteristics, these are suggested as important food for many aquatic animals. <i>Dunaliella salina</i> is a well-known microalga that accumulates valuable amounts of carotenoids. We investigated whether it could restore the metabolic equilibrium and mitigate the hepatic inflammation induced by zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using male zebrafish which were exposed to 1/5<sup>th</sup> 96 h-LC<sub>50</sub> for 4 weeks, followed by dietary supplementation with <i>D. salina</i> at two concentrations (15% and 30%) for 2 weeks. Collectively, ZnO-NPs affected fish appetite, whole body composition, hepatic glycogen and lipid contents, intestinal bacterial and <i>Aeromonas</i> counts, as well as hepatic tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α). In addition, the mRNA expression of genes related to gluconeogenesis (<i>pck1</i>, <i>gys2</i>, and <i>g6pc3</i>), lipogenesis (<i>srepf1</i>, <i>acaca</i>, <i>fasn</i>, and <i>cd36</i>), and inflammatory response (<i>tnf-α</i>, <i>tnf-β</i>, <i>nf-kb2</i>) were modulated. <i>D. salina</i> reduced the body burden of zinc residues, restored the fish appetite and normal liver architecture, and mitigated the toxic impacts of ZnO-NPs on whole-body composition, intestinal bacteria, energy metabolism, and hepatic inflammatory markers. Our results revealed that the administration of <i>D. salina</i> might be effective in neutralizing the hepatotoxic effects of ZnO-NPs in the zebrafish model. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:39:42Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:39:42Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-4172732f4b1c489788452079b524f2932023-11-23T22:59:43ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372022-10-011110144710.3390/biology11101447<i>Dunaliella salina</i> Microalga Restores the Metabolic Equilibrium and Ameliorates the Hepatic Inflammatory Response Induced by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in Male ZebrafishSuzan Attia Mawed0Gerardo Centoducati1Mayada R. Farag2Mahmoud Alagawany3Shimaa M. Abou-Zeid4Walaa M. Elhady5Mohamed T. El-Saadony6Alessandro Di Cerbo7Sheren A. Al-Zahaby8Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, EgyptDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, ItalyForensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, EgyptPoultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, EgyptDepartment of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat 6012201, EgyptForensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, EgyptDepartment of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, EgyptSchool of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, ItalyZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, EgyptMicroalgae are rich in bioactive compounds including pigments, proteins, lipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, carbohydrates, and vitamins. Due to their non-toxic and nutritious characteristics, these are suggested as important food for many aquatic animals. <i>Dunaliella salina</i> is a well-known microalga that accumulates valuable amounts of carotenoids. We investigated whether it could restore the metabolic equilibrium and mitigate the hepatic inflammation induced by zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using male zebrafish which were exposed to 1/5<sup>th</sup> 96 h-LC<sub>50</sub> for 4 weeks, followed by dietary supplementation with <i>D. salina</i> at two concentrations (15% and 30%) for 2 weeks. Collectively, ZnO-NPs affected fish appetite, whole body composition, hepatic glycogen and lipid contents, intestinal bacterial and <i>Aeromonas</i> counts, as well as hepatic tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α). In addition, the mRNA expression of genes related to gluconeogenesis (<i>pck1</i>, <i>gys2</i>, and <i>g6pc3</i>), lipogenesis (<i>srepf1</i>, <i>acaca</i>, <i>fasn</i>, and <i>cd36</i>), and inflammatory response (<i>tnf-α</i>, <i>tnf-β</i>, <i>nf-kb2</i>) were modulated. <i>D. salina</i> reduced the body burden of zinc residues, restored the fish appetite and normal liver architecture, and mitigated the toxic impacts of ZnO-NPs on whole-body composition, intestinal bacteria, energy metabolism, and hepatic inflammatory markers. Our results revealed that the administration of <i>D. salina</i> might be effective in neutralizing the hepatotoxic effects of ZnO-NPs in the zebrafish model.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/10/1447<i>Dunaliella salina</i>zinc oxide nanoparticleszebrafishliverglycogenlipid |
| spellingShingle | Suzan Attia Mawed Gerardo Centoducati Mayada R. Farag Mahmoud Alagawany Shimaa M. Abou-Zeid Walaa M. Elhady Mohamed T. El-Saadony Alessandro Di Cerbo Sheren A. Al-Zahaby <i>Dunaliella salina</i> Microalga Restores the Metabolic Equilibrium and Ameliorates the Hepatic Inflammatory Response Induced by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in Male Zebrafish Biology <i>Dunaliella salina</i> zinc oxide nanoparticles zebrafish liver glycogen lipid |
| title | <i>Dunaliella salina</i> Microalga Restores the Metabolic Equilibrium and Ameliorates the Hepatic Inflammatory Response Induced by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in Male Zebrafish |
| title_full | <i>Dunaliella salina</i> Microalga Restores the Metabolic Equilibrium and Ameliorates the Hepatic Inflammatory Response Induced by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in Male Zebrafish |
| title_fullStr | <i>Dunaliella salina</i> Microalga Restores the Metabolic Equilibrium and Ameliorates the Hepatic Inflammatory Response Induced by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in Male Zebrafish |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Dunaliella salina</i> Microalga Restores the Metabolic Equilibrium and Ameliorates the Hepatic Inflammatory Response Induced by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in Male Zebrafish |
| title_short | <i>Dunaliella salina</i> Microalga Restores the Metabolic Equilibrium and Ameliorates the Hepatic Inflammatory Response Induced by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in Male Zebrafish |
| title_sort | i dunaliella salina i microalga restores the metabolic equilibrium and ameliorates the hepatic inflammatory response induced by zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps in male zebrafish |
| topic | <i>Dunaliella salina</i> zinc oxide nanoparticles zebrafish liver glycogen lipid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/10/1447 |
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