The Multifrequency Future for Remote Sensing of Sea Surface Salinity from Space
Passive microwave remote sensing of sea surface salinity from space is done with measurements in the 27 MHz wide spectral window at 1.413 GHz (L-band) which is protected for passive use only. The frequency, 1.413 GHz, is near the peak in sensitivity to changes in salinity and modern L-band instrumen...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/9/1381 |
| _version_ | 1797569480671363072 |
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| author | David M. Le Vine Emmanuel P. Dinnat |
| author_facet | David M. Le Vine Emmanuel P. Dinnat |
| author_sort | David M. Le Vine |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Passive microwave remote sensing of sea surface salinity from space is done with measurements in the 27 MHz wide spectral window at 1.413 GHz (L-band) which is protected for passive use only. The frequency, 1.413 GHz, is near the peak in sensitivity to changes in salinity and modern L-band instruments, such as the radiometers on SMOS and Aquarius, have demonstrated the feasibility of monitoring surface salinity from space. They have also demonstrated the need for better accuracy, especially in cold water. Proposals to improve accuracy have largely involved adding more frequencies. For example, adding higher frequencies to improve the correction for sea surface temperature and lower frequencies to improve the sensitivity to salinity in cold water. These strategies involve trade-offs, some obvious such as the effects of interference outside the protected band and loss of spatial resolution at lower frequencies, but some are more subtle because of the interdependence of the measurement on other parameters of the ocean surface, in particular, the interdependence of salinity, water temperature and roughness (wind speed). The objective of this manuscript is to describe these interdependencies in a quantitative way with documented assumptions to support the design of future instruments for remote sensing of salinity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:12:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-41767463d4284dec86cddd6b6ec133e0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:12:15Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-41767463d4284dec86cddd6b6ec133e02023-11-19T22:49:43ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922020-04-01129138110.3390/rs12091381The Multifrequency Future for Remote Sensing of Sea Surface Salinity from SpaceDavid M. Le Vine0Emmanuel P. Dinnat1Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAGoddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAPassive microwave remote sensing of sea surface salinity from space is done with measurements in the 27 MHz wide spectral window at 1.413 GHz (L-band) which is protected for passive use only. The frequency, 1.413 GHz, is near the peak in sensitivity to changes in salinity and modern L-band instruments, such as the radiometers on SMOS and Aquarius, have demonstrated the feasibility of monitoring surface salinity from space. They have also demonstrated the need for better accuracy, especially in cold water. Proposals to improve accuracy have largely involved adding more frequencies. For example, adding higher frequencies to improve the correction for sea surface temperature and lower frequencies to improve the sensitivity to salinity in cold water. These strategies involve trade-offs, some obvious such as the effects of interference outside the protected band and loss of spatial resolution at lower frequencies, but some are more subtle because of the interdependence of the measurement on other parameters of the ocean surface, in particular, the interdependence of salinity, water temperature and roughness (wind speed). The objective of this manuscript is to describe these interdependencies in a quantitative way with documented assumptions to support the design of future instruments for remote sensing of salinity.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/9/1381microwave remote sensingL-bandocean remote sensingsea surface salinity |
| spellingShingle | David M. Le Vine Emmanuel P. Dinnat The Multifrequency Future for Remote Sensing of Sea Surface Salinity from Space Remote Sensing microwave remote sensing L-band ocean remote sensing sea surface salinity |
| title | The Multifrequency Future for Remote Sensing of Sea Surface Salinity from Space |
| title_full | The Multifrequency Future for Remote Sensing of Sea Surface Salinity from Space |
| title_fullStr | The Multifrequency Future for Remote Sensing of Sea Surface Salinity from Space |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Multifrequency Future for Remote Sensing of Sea Surface Salinity from Space |
| title_short | The Multifrequency Future for Remote Sensing of Sea Surface Salinity from Space |
| title_sort | multifrequency future for remote sensing of sea surface salinity from space |
| topic | microwave remote sensing L-band ocean remote sensing sea surface salinity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/9/1381 |
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