A Wide-Band Magnetoelectric Sensor Based on a Negative-Feedback Compensated Readout Circuit
Magnetoelectric (ME) sensors cannot effectively detect broadband magnetic field signals due to their narrow bandwidth, and existing readout circuits are unable to vary the bandwidth of the sensors. To expand the bandwidth, this paper introduces a negative-feedback readout circuit, fabricated by intr...
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/423 |
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| author | Yang Qiu Lingshan Shi Longyu Chen Yuxuan Yu Guoliang Yu Mingmin Zhu Haomiao Zhou |
| author_facet | Yang Qiu Lingshan Shi Longyu Chen Yuxuan Yu Guoliang Yu Mingmin Zhu Haomiao Zhou |
| author_sort | Yang Qiu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Magnetoelectric (ME) sensors cannot effectively detect broadband magnetic field signals due to their narrow bandwidth, and existing readout circuits are unable to vary the bandwidth of the sensors. To expand the bandwidth, this paper introduces a negative-feedback readout circuit, fabricated by introducing a negative-feedback compensation circuit based on the direct readout circuit of the ME sensor. The negative-feedback compensation circuit contains a current amplifier, a feedback resistor, and a feedback coil. For this purpose, a Metglas/PVDF/Metglas ME sensor was prepared. Experimental measurements show that there is a six-fold difference between the maximum and minimum values of the ME voltage coefficients in the 6–39 kHz frequency band for the ME sensor without the negative-feedback compensation circuit when the sensor operates at the optimal bias magnetic field. However, the ME voltage coefficient in this band remains stable, at 900 V/T, after the charge amplification of the direct-reading circuit and the negative-feedback circuit. In addition, experimental results show that this negative-feedback readout circuit does not increase the equivalent magnetic noise of the sensor, with a noise level of 240 pT/√Hz in the frequency band lower than 25 kHz, 63 pT/√Hz around the resonance frequency of 30 kHz, and 620 pT/√Hz at 39 kHz. This paper proposes a negative-feedback readout circuit based on the direct readout circuit, which greatly increases the bandwidth of ME sensors and promotes the widespread application of ME sensors in the fields of broadband weak magnetic signal detection and DBS electrode positioning. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:47:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-418113c651dd4b84a5d7507a1da015e9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:47:40Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-418113c651dd4b84a5d7507a1da015e92024-01-29T14:14:30ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-01-0124242310.3390/s24020423A Wide-Band Magnetoelectric Sensor Based on a Negative-Feedback Compensated Readout CircuitYang Qiu0Lingshan Shi1Longyu Chen2Yuxuan Yu3Guoliang Yu4Mingmin Zhu5Haomiao Zhou6The Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Information Technology and Metrology of Zhejiang Province, College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Information Technology and Metrology of Zhejiang Province, College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Information Technology and Metrology of Zhejiang Province, College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Information Technology and Metrology of Zhejiang Province, College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Information Technology and Metrology of Zhejiang Province, College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Information Technology and Metrology of Zhejiang Province, College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Information Technology and Metrology of Zhejiang Province, College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaMagnetoelectric (ME) sensors cannot effectively detect broadband magnetic field signals due to their narrow bandwidth, and existing readout circuits are unable to vary the bandwidth of the sensors. To expand the bandwidth, this paper introduces a negative-feedback readout circuit, fabricated by introducing a negative-feedback compensation circuit based on the direct readout circuit of the ME sensor. The negative-feedback compensation circuit contains a current amplifier, a feedback resistor, and a feedback coil. For this purpose, a Metglas/PVDF/Metglas ME sensor was prepared. Experimental measurements show that there is a six-fold difference between the maximum and minimum values of the ME voltage coefficients in the 6–39 kHz frequency band for the ME sensor without the negative-feedback compensation circuit when the sensor operates at the optimal bias magnetic field. However, the ME voltage coefficient in this band remains stable, at 900 V/T, after the charge amplification of the direct-reading circuit and the negative-feedback circuit. In addition, experimental results show that this negative-feedback readout circuit does not increase the equivalent magnetic noise of the sensor, with a noise level of 240 pT/√Hz in the frequency band lower than 25 kHz, 63 pT/√Hz around the resonance frequency of 30 kHz, and 620 pT/√Hz at 39 kHz. This paper proposes a negative-feedback readout circuit based on the direct readout circuit, which greatly increases the bandwidth of ME sensors and promotes the widespread application of ME sensors in the fields of broadband weak magnetic signal detection and DBS electrode positioning.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/423magnetoelectric sensornegative-feedback readout circuitbandwidth |
| spellingShingle | Yang Qiu Lingshan Shi Longyu Chen Yuxuan Yu Guoliang Yu Mingmin Zhu Haomiao Zhou A Wide-Band Magnetoelectric Sensor Based on a Negative-Feedback Compensated Readout Circuit Sensors magnetoelectric sensor negative-feedback readout circuit bandwidth |
| title | A Wide-Band Magnetoelectric Sensor Based on a Negative-Feedback Compensated Readout Circuit |
| title_full | A Wide-Band Magnetoelectric Sensor Based on a Negative-Feedback Compensated Readout Circuit |
| title_fullStr | A Wide-Band Magnetoelectric Sensor Based on a Negative-Feedback Compensated Readout Circuit |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Wide-Band Magnetoelectric Sensor Based on a Negative-Feedback Compensated Readout Circuit |
| title_short | A Wide-Band Magnetoelectric Sensor Based on a Negative-Feedback Compensated Readout Circuit |
| title_sort | wide band magnetoelectric sensor based on a negative feedback compensated readout circuit |
| topic | magnetoelectric sensor negative-feedback readout circuit bandwidth |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/423 |
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