| Summary: | Bacterial vaginosis(BV) is the most common complex and multi-bacterial infections of vagina in women of childbearing age, with a higher prevalence and recurrence rate. The pathogenesis of BV is linked to microbiota imbalance in the vagina. BV can severely impact the quality of patients' lives. The treatment guidelines recommend to use oral or intravaginal metronidazole, clindamycin and tinidazole. In recent years, oral secnidazole and vaginal tablets of dequalinium chloride are included in the guidelines abroad. Although these treatments can achieve short term benefit, the recurrence rate is still high. Therefore, research has been focused on the development of alternative therapeutic options, including other antibacterial agents, probiotics, prebiotics, acidifiers, traditional Chinese medicine and transplantation of vaginal microbiome, which can improve the cure rate while decreasing recurrence rate. This review summarizes the progress in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis in order to benefit clinicians in clinical practice.
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