Study on the Discrimination of Possible Error Sources That Might Affect the Quality of Volatile Organic Compounds Signature in Dairy Cattle Using an Electronic Nose
Electronic nose devices (EN) have been developed for detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study aimed to assess the ability of the MENT-EGAS prototype-based EN to respond to direct sampling and to evaluate the influence of possible error sources that might affect the quality of VOC sign...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/9/461 |
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| author | Asmaa S. Ali Joana G. P. Jacinto Wolf Mϋnchemyer Andreas Walte Björn Kuhla Arcangelo Gentile Mohamed S. Abdu Mervat M. Kamel Abdelrauf Morsy Ghallab |
| author_facet | Asmaa S. Ali Joana G. P. Jacinto Wolf Mϋnchemyer Andreas Walte Björn Kuhla Arcangelo Gentile Mohamed S. Abdu Mervat M. Kamel Abdelrauf Morsy Ghallab |
| author_sort | Asmaa S. Ali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electronic nose devices (EN) have been developed for detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study aimed to assess the ability of the MENT-EGAS prototype-based EN to respond to direct sampling and to evaluate the influence of possible error sources that might affect the quality of VOC signatures. This study was performed on a dairy farm using 11 (<i>n</i> = 11) multiparous Holstein-Friesian cows. The cows were divided into two groups housed in two different barns: group I included six lactating cows fed with a lactating diet (LD), and group II included 5 non-lactating late pregnant cows fed with a far-off diet (FD). Each group was offered 250 g of their respective diet; 10 min later, exhalated breath was collected for VOC determination. After this sampling, 4 cows from each group were offered 250 g of pellet concentrates. Ten minutes later, the exhalated breath was collected once more. VOCs were also measured directly from the feed’s headspace, as well as from the environmental backgrounds of each. Principal component analyses (PCA) were performed and revealed clear discrimination between the two different environmental backgrounds, the two different feed headspaces, the exhalated breath of groups I and II cows, and the exhalated breath within the same group of cows before and after the feed intake. Based on these findings, we concluded that the MENT-EGAS prototype can recognize several error sources with accuracy, providing a novel EN technology that could be used in the future in precision livestock farming. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:15:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4194adae27e54e9ba9650ced1fcf16bf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-7381 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:15:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-4194adae27e54e9ba9650ced1fcf16bf2023-11-23T19:23:46ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812022-08-019946110.3390/vetsci9090461Study on the Discrimination of Possible Error Sources That Might Affect the Quality of Volatile Organic Compounds Signature in Dairy Cattle Using an Electronic NoseAsmaa S. Ali0Joana G. P. Jacinto1Wolf Mϋnchemyer2Andreas Walte3Björn Kuhla4Arcangelo Gentile5Mohamed S. Abdu6Mervat M. Kamel7Abdelrauf Morsy Ghallab8Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza P.O. Box 12211, EgyptDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, ItalyAIRSENSE Analytics GmbH, 19061 Schwerin, GermanyAIRSENSE Analytics GmbH, 19061 Schwerin, GermanyResearch Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Nutritional Physiology ‘Oskar Kellner’, 18196 Dummerstorf, GermanyDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza P.O. Box 12211, EgyptDepartment of Animal Management and Behavior, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza P.O. Box 12211, EgyptDepartment of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza P.O. Box 12211, EgyptElectronic nose devices (EN) have been developed for detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study aimed to assess the ability of the MENT-EGAS prototype-based EN to respond to direct sampling and to evaluate the influence of possible error sources that might affect the quality of VOC signatures. This study was performed on a dairy farm using 11 (<i>n</i> = 11) multiparous Holstein-Friesian cows. The cows were divided into two groups housed in two different barns: group I included six lactating cows fed with a lactating diet (LD), and group II included 5 non-lactating late pregnant cows fed with a far-off diet (FD). Each group was offered 250 g of their respective diet; 10 min later, exhalated breath was collected for VOC determination. After this sampling, 4 cows from each group were offered 250 g of pellet concentrates. Ten minutes later, the exhalated breath was collected once more. VOCs were also measured directly from the feed’s headspace, as well as from the environmental backgrounds of each. Principal component analyses (PCA) were performed and revealed clear discrimination between the two different environmental backgrounds, the two different feed headspaces, the exhalated breath of groups I and II cows, and the exhalated breath within the same group of cows before and after the feed intake. Based on these findings, we concluded that the MENT-EGAS prototype can recognize several error sources with accuracy, providing a novel EN technology that could be used in the future in precision livestock farming.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/9/461electronic noseexhaled breathnon-invasive analysisprecision livestock farmingprecision medicineVOCs |
| spellingShingle | Asmaa S. Ali Joana G. P. Jacinto Wolf Mϋnchemyer Andreas Walte Björn Kuhla Arcangelo Gentile Mohamed S. Abdu Mervat M. Kamel Abdelrauf Morsy Ghallab Study on the Discrimination of Possible Error Sources That Might Affect the Quality of Volatile Organic Compounds Signature in Dairy Cattle Using an Electronic Nose Veterinary Sciences electronic nose exhaled breath non-invasive analysis precision livestock farming precision medicine VOCs |
| title | Study on the Discrimination of Possible Error Sources That Might Affect the Quality of Volatile Organic Compounds Signature in Dairy Cattle Using an Electronic Nose |
| title_full | Study on the Discrimination of Possible Error Sources That Might Affect the Quality of Volatile Organic Compounds Signature in Dairy Cattle Using an Electronic Nose |
| title_fullStr | Study on the Discrimination of Possible Error Sources That Might Affect the Quality of Volatile Organic Compounds Signature in Dairy Cattle Using an Electronic Nose |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study on the Discrimination of Possible Error Sources That Might Affect the Quality of Volatile Organic Compounds Signature in Dairy Cattle Using an Electronic Nose |
| title_short | Study on the Discrimination of Possible Error Sources That Might Affect the Quality of Volatile Organic Compounds Signature in Dairy Cattle Using an Electronic Nose |
| title_sort | study on the discrimination of possible error sources that might affect the quality of volatile organic compounds signature in dairy cattle using an electronic nose |
| topic | electronic nose exhaled breath non-invasive analysis precision livestock farming precision medicine VOCs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/9/461 |
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