Biodegradable and Drug-Eluting Inorganic Composites Based on Mesoporous Zinc Oxide for Urinary Stent Applications
Conventional technologies for ureteral stent fabrication suffer from major inconveniences such as the development of encrustations and bacteria biofilm formation. These drawbacks typically lead to the failure of the device, significant patient discomfort and an additional surgery to remove and repla...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/17/3821 |
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| author | Marco Laurenti Marta Grochowicz Elena Dragoni Marco Carofiglio Tania Limongi Valentina Cauda |
| author_facet | Marco Laurenti Marta Grochowicz Elena Dragoni Marco Carofiglio Tania Limongi Valentina Cauda |
| author_sort | Marco Laurenti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Conventional technologies for ureteral stent fabrication suffer from major inconveniences such as the development of encrustations and bacteria biofilm formation. These drawbacks typically lead to the failure of the device, significant patient discomfort and an additional surgery to remove and replace the stent in the worst cases. This work focuses on the preparation of a new nanocomposite material able to show drug elution properties, biodegradation and eventually potential antibacterial activity. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) or the crosslinked poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-co-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels were prepared by the radical polymerization method and combined with a biodegradable and antibacterial filling agent, i.e., flower-like Zinc Oxide (ZnO) micropowders obtained via the hydrothermal route. The physico-chemical analyses revealed the correct incorporation of ZnO within the hydrogel matrix and its highly mesoporous structure and surface area, ideal for drug incorporation. Two different anti-inflammatory drugs (Ibuprofen and Diclofenac) were loaded within each composite and the release profile was monitored up to two weeks in artificial urine (AU) and even at different pH values in AU to simulate pathological conditions. The addition of mesoporous ZnO micropowders to the hydrogel did not negatively affect the drug loading properties of the hydrogel and it was successfully allowed to mitigate undesirable burst-release effects. Furthermore, the sustained release of the drugs over time was observed at neutral pH, with kinetic constants (k) as low as 0.05 h<sup>−1</sup>. By exploiting the pH-tunable swelling properties of the hydrogel, an even more sustained release was achieved in acidic and alkaline conditions especially at short release times, with a further reduction of burst effects (k ≈ 0.01–0.02 h<sup>−1</sup>). The nanocomposite system herein proposed represents a new material formulation for preparing innovative drug eluting stents with intrinsic antibacterial properties. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:42:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4196788665e145f2a481a5c5d5b39b7e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:42:45Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-4196788665e145f2a481a5c5d5b39b7e2023-11-20T11:49:52ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-08-011317382110.3390/ma13173821Biodegradable and Drug-Eluting Inorganic Composites Based on Mesoporous Zinc Oxide for Urinary Stent ApplicationsMarco Laurenti0Marta Grochowicz1Elena Dragoni2Marco Carofiglio3Tania Limongi4Valentina Cauda5Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Polymer Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie Sklodowska University, Gliniana 33, 20-614 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, ItalyDepartment of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, ItalyConventional technologies for ureteral stent fabrication suffer from major inconveniences such as the development of encrustations and bacteria biofilm formation. These drawbacks typically lead to the failure of the device, significant patient discomfort and an additional surgery to remove and replace the stent in the worst cases. This work focuses on the preparation of a new nanocomposite material able to show drug elution properties, biodegradation and eventually potential antibacterial activity. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) or the crosslinked poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-co-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels were prepared by the radical polymerization method and combined with a biodegradable and antibacterial filling agent, i.e., flower-like Zinc Oxide (ZnO) micropowders obtained via the hydrothermal route. The physico-chemical analyses revealed the correct incorporation of ZnO within the hydrogel matrix and its highly mesoporous structure and surface area, ideal for drug incorporation. Two different anti-inflammatory drugs (Ibuprofen and Diclofenac) were loaded within each composite and the release profile was monitored up to two weeks in artificial urine (AU) and even at different pH values in AU to simulate pathological conditions. The addition of mesoporous ZnO micropowders to the hydrogel did not negatively affect the drug loading properties of the hydrogel and it was successfully allowed to mitigate undesirable burst-release effects. Furthermore, the sustained release of the drugs over time was observed at neutral pH, with kinetic constants (k) as low as 0.05 h<sup>−1</sup>. By exploiting the pH-tunable swelling properties of the hydrogel, an even more sustained release was achieved in acidic and alkaline conditions especially at short release times, with a further reduction of burst effects (k ≈ 0.01–0.02 h<sup>−1</sup>). The nanocomposite system herein proposed represents a new material formulation for preparing innovative drug eluting stents with intrinsic antibacterial properties.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/17/3821mesoporous zinc oxidepolyHEMAhydrogeldrug-eluting stentpH-triggered drug release |
| spellingShingle | Marco Laurenti Marta Grochowicz Elena Dragoni Marco Carofiglio Tania Limongi Valentina Cauda Biodegradable and Drug-Eluting Inorganic Composites Based on Mesoporous Zinc Oxide for Urinary Stent Applications Materials mesoporous zinc oxide polyHEMA hydrogel drug-eluting stent pH-triggered drug release |
| title | Biodegradable and Drug-Eluting Inorganic Composites Based on Mesoporous Zinc Oxide for Urinary Stent Applications |
| title_full | Biodegradable and Drug-Eluting Inorganic Composites Based on Mesoporous Zinc Oxide for Urinary Stent Applications |
| title_fullStr | Biodegradable and Drug-Eluting Inorganic Composites Based on Mesoporous Zinc Oxide for Urinary Stent Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biodegradable and Drug-Eluting Inorganic Composites Based on Mesoporous Zinc Oxide for Urinary Stent Applications |
| title_short | Biodegradable and Drug-Eluting Inorganic Composites Based on Mesoporous Zinc Oxide for Urinary Stent Applications |
| title_sort | biodegradable and drug eluting inorganic composites based on mesoporous zinc oxide for urinary stent applications |
| topic | mesoporous zinc oxide polyHEMA hydrogel drug-eluting stent pH-triggered drug release |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/17/3821 |
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