Shotgun metagenomic sequencing analysis of ocular surface microbiome in Singapore residents with mild dry eye
The ocular surface microbiome has implications for ocular surface inflammation and immunology. Previous shotgun metagenomics analyses were performed in China, showing results that differed according to environment and age. Patients with Sjogren’s syndrome were reported to have altered conjunctival m...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.1034131/full |
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| author | Louis Tong Louis Tong Louis Tong Louis Tong Florentin Constancias Aihua Hou Aihua Hou Song Lin Chua Daniela I. Drautz-Moses Stephan Christoph Schuster Stephan Christoph Schuster Liang Yang Liang Yang Rohan B. H. Williams Rohan B. H. Williams Staffan Kjelleberg Staffan Kjelleberg Staffan Kjelleberg |
| author_facet | Louis Tong Louis Tong Louis Tong Louis Tong Florentin Constancias Aihua Hou Aihua Hou Song Lin Chua Daniela I. Drautz-Moses Stephan Christoph Schuster Stephan Christoph Schuster Liang Yang Liang Yang Rohan B. H. Williams Rohan B. H. Williams Staffan Kjelleberg Staffan Kjelleberg Staffan Kjelleberg |
| author_sort | Louis Tong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The ocular surface microbiome has implications for ocular surface inflammation and immunology. Previous shotgun metagenomics analyses were performed in China, showing results that differed according to environment and age. Patients with Sjogren’s syndrome were reported to have altered conjunctival microbiome, but such studies have not been done in milder dry eye. The aim of this study is to describe the conjunctival microbiome in people with mild dry eye in Singapore. Samples were collected from 14 participants with mild dry eye and 10 age-matched comparison participants recruited from Singapore National Eye Centre (SNEC) clinics. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing analysis was employed to evaluate the conjunctival microbiome composition. Proteobacteria formed the predominant phylum in the conjunctiva. As in a study from a coastal city in China, Achromobacter spp. was numerically most abundant. Compared to age-matched controls, the conjunctival microbial composition in mild dry eye was similar. Several microorganisms, including Streptococcus spp. increased in representation with age, and the abundance of Staphylococcus correlated with Schirmer readings. In addition, when cultured corneal epithelial cells were exposed to three strains of Achromobacter xylosoxidans, cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 were upregulated in the cell lysates and supernatants. Ourresults suggest that age is an important factor that affects composition of the conjunctival microbiome, and relative abundance of specific microorganism may vary according to the environment of the human host. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:54:25Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:54:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-41987d4c2c314209914a8467d663a7262022-12-22T02:28:17ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2022-11-01910.3389/fmed.2022.10341311034131Shotgun metagenomic sequencing analysis of ocular surface microbiome in Singapore residents with mild dry eyeLouis Tong0Louis Tong1Louis Tong2Louis Tong3Florentin Constancias4Aihua Hou5Aihua Hou6Song Lin Chua7Daniela I. Drautz-Moses8Stephan Christoph Schuster9Stephan Christoph Schuster10Liang Yang11Liang Yang12Rohan B. H. Williams13Rohan B. H. Williams14Staffan Kjelleberg15Staffan Kjelleberg16Staffan Kjelleberg17Ocular Surface Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, SingaporeCorneal and External Eye Disease Service, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, SingaporeEye-Academic Clinical Programme, Office of Clinical, Academic and Faculty Affairs, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, SingaporeDepartment of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeSingapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, SingaporeOcular Surface Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, SingaporeEye-Academic Clinical Programme, Office of Clinical, Academic and Faculty Affairs, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, SingaporeLee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, SingaporeSingapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, SingaporeSingapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, SingaporeSchool of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, SingaporeSingapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, SingaporeSchool of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, ChinaSingapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, SingaporeLife Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeSingapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, SingaporeSchool of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore0Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, AustraliaThe ocular surface microbiome has implications for ocular surface inflammation and immunology. Previous shotgun metagenomics analyses were performed in China, showing results that differed according to environment and age. Patients with Sjogren’s syndrome were reported to have altered conjunctival microbiome, but such studies have not been done in milder dry eye. The aim of this study is to describe the conjunctival microbiome in people with mild dry eye in Singapore. Samples were collected from 14 participants with mild dry eye and 10 age-matched comparison participants recruited from Singapore National Eye Centre (SNEC) clinics. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing analysis was employed to evaluate the conjunctival microbiome composition. Proteobacteria formed the predominant phylum in the conjunctiva. As in a study from a coastal city in China, Achromobacter spp. was numerically most abundant. Compared to age-matched controls, the conjunctival microbial composition in mild dry eye was similar. Several microorganisms, including Streptococcus spp. increased in representation with age, and the abundance of Staphylococcus correlated with Schirmer readings. In addition, when cultured corneal epithelial cells were exposed to three strains of Achromobacter xylosoxidans, cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 were upregulated in the cell lysates and supernatants. Ourresults suggest that age is an important factor that affects composition of the conjunctival microbiome, and relative abundance of specific microorganism may vary according to the environment of the human host.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.1034131/fullhuman microbiomeinflammationocular diseasedry eyemetagenomics |
| spellingShingle | Louis Tong Louis Tong Louis Tong Louis Tong Florentin Constancias Aihua Hou Aihua Hou Song Lin Chua Daniela I. Drautz-Moses Stephan Christoph Schuster Stephan Christoph Schuster Liang Yang Liang Yang Rohan B. H. Williams Rohan B. H. Williams Staffan Kjelleberg Staffan Kjelleberg Staffan Kjelleberg Shotgun metagenomic sequencing analysis of ocular surface microbiome in Singapore residents with mild dry eye Frontiers in Medicine human microbiome inflammation ocular disease dry eye metagenomics |
| title | Shotgun metagenomic sequencing analysis of ocular surface microbiome in Singapore residents with mild dry eye |
| title_full | Shotgun metagenomic sequencing analysis of ocular surface microbiome in Singapore residents with mild dry eye |
| title_fullStr | Shotgun metagenomic sequencing analysis of ocular surface microbiome in Singapore residents with mild dry eye |
| title_full_unstemmed | Shotgun metagenomic sequencing analysis of ocular surface microbiome in Singapore residents with mild dry eye |
| title_short | Shotgun metagenomic sequencing analysis of ocular surface microbiome in Singapore residents with mild dry eye |
| title_sort | shotgun metagenomic sequencing analysis of ocular surface microbiome in singapore residents with mild dry eye |
| topic | human microbiome inflammation ocular disease dry eye metagenomics |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.1034131/full |
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