Palmitate reduces starvation-induced ER stress by inhibiting ER-phagy in hypothalamic cells
Abstract Palmitate is a saturated fatty acid that is well known to induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy. A high-fat diet increases the palmitate level in the hypothalamus, the main region of the brain regulating energy metabolism. Interestingly, hypothalamic palmitate level is also...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Molecular Brain |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13041-021-00777-8 |
| _version_ | 1818361350591610880 |
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| author | Yun Lim Seolsong Kim Eun-Kyoung Kim |
| author_facet | Yun Lim Seolsong Kim Eun-Kyoung Kim |
| author_sort | Yun Lim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Palmitate is a saturated fatty acid that is well known to induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy. A high-fat diet increases the palmitate level in the hypothalamus, the main region of the brain regulating energy metabolism. Interestingly, hypothalamic palmitate level is also increased under starvation, urging the study to distinguish the effects of elevated hypothalamic palmitate level under different nutrient conditions. Herein, we show that ER-phagy (ER-targeted selective autophagy) is required for progress of ER stress and that palmitate decreases ER stress by inhibiting ER-phagy in hypothalamic cells under starvation. Palmitate inhibited starvation-induced ER-phagy by increasing the level of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein, which inhibits autophagy initiation. These findings suggest that, unlike the induction of ER stress under nutrient-rich conditions, palmitate protects hypothalamic cells from starvation-induced stress by inhibiting ER-phagy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T21:15:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-41ad389025704f5483ae95715812a1f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-6606 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T21:15:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Brain |
| spelling | doaj.art-41ad389025704f5483ae95715812a1f82022-12-21T23:31:15ZengBMCMolecular Brain1756-66062021-04-0114111510.1186/s13041-021-00777-8Palmitate reduces starvation-induced ER stress by inhibiting ER-phagy in hypothalamic cellsYun Lim0Seolsong Kim1Eun-Kyoung Kim2Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)Abstract Palmitate is a saturated fatty acid that is well known to induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy. A high-fat diet increases the palmitate level in the hypothalamus, the main region of the brain regulating energy metabolism. Interestingly, hypothalamic palmitate level is also increased under starvation, urging the study to distinguish the effects of elevated hypothalamic palmitate level under different nutrient conditions. Herein, we show that ER-phagy (ER-targeted selective autophagy) is required for progress of ER stress and that palmitate decreases ER stress by inhibiting ER-phagy in hypothalamic cells under starvation. Palmitate inhibited starvation-induced ER-phagy by increasing the level of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein, which inhibits autophagy initiation. These findings suggest that, unlike the induction of ER stress under nutrient-rich conditions, palmitate protects hypothalamic cells from starvation-induced stress by inhibiting ER-phagy.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13041-021-00777-8PalmitateER stressAutophagyER-phagyStarvationHypothalamic cells |
| spellingShingle | Yun Lim Seolsong Kim Eun-Kyoung Kim Palmitate reduces starvation-induced ER stress by inhibiting ER-phagy in hypothalamic cells Molecular Brain Palmitate ER stress Autophagy ER-phagy Starvation Hypothalamic cells |
| title | Palmitate reduces starvation-induced ER stress by inhibiting ER-phagy in hypothalamic cells |
| title_full | Palmitate reduces starvation-induced ER stress by inhibiting ER-phagy in hypothalamic cells |
| title_fullStr | Palmitate reduces starvation-induced ER stress by inhibiting ER-phagy in hypothalamic cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Palmitate reduces starvation-induced ER stress by inhibiting ER-phagy in hypothalamic cells |
| title_short | Palmitate reduces starvation-induced ER stress by inhibiting ER-phagy in hypothalamic cells |
| title_sort | palmitate reduces starvation induced er stress by inhibiting er phagy in hypothalamic cells |
| topic | Palmitate ER stress Autophagy ER-phagy Starvation Hypothalamic cells |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13041-021-00777-8 |
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