Effect of Delivery by Emergency or Elective Cesarean Section on Nitric Oxide Metabolites and Cortisol Amniotic Concentrations in at Term Normal Newborn Dogs: Preliminary Results
The neonatal response to stress was reported to be related to the type of delivery, that is elective or emergency cesarean sections (ELCS and EMCS, respectively). Nitric oxide (NO) is also reported to be related to uterine inertia, and high levels of NO metabolites (NOs) are associated with physical...
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| author | Jasmine Fusi Augusto Carluccio Tanja Peric Massimo Faustini Alberto Prandi Maria Cristina Veronesi |
| author_facet | Jasmine Fusi Augusto Carluccio Tanja Peric Massimo Faustini Alberto Prandi Maria Cristina Veronesi |
| author_sort | Jasmine Fusi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The neonatal response to stress was reported to be related to the type of delivery, that is elective or emergency cesarean sections (ELCS and EMCS, respectively). Nitric oxide (NO) is also reported to be related to uterine inertia, and high levels of NO metabolites (NOs) are associated with physical and emotional stress. The study aimed to assess the concentrations of cortisol (C) and NOs in the amniotic fluid of puppies delivered by ELCS or EMCS. In total, 32 puppies were delivered by ELCS and 22 by EMCS. ANCOVA showed an effect of the ELCS vs. EMCS on both amniotic NOs (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and C (<i>p</i> < 0.001) concentrations. Lower amniotic C concentrations were found at increasing Apgar score (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Higher amniotic NOs concentrations were associated to increasing mother’s parity (<i>p</i> < 0.001), puppies’ birthweight (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and time of labor within the EMCS group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). A positive correlation between birthweight and amniotic NOs concentrations was also found (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the EMCS group. Due to the possible concurrence of several compartments (maternal, maybe placental, and fetal) to the final amniotic fluid composition, the definition of the role played by the three compartments in the higher C and NOs concentrations found in amniotic fluids collected from puppies delivered by EMCS than ELCS needs further clarification. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:18:00Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:18:00Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
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| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-41c762f2a7c84b5695a86bdbe841f7c02023-12-03T12:43:50ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152021-03-0111371310.3390/ani11030713Effect of Delivery by Emergency or Elective Cesarean Section on Nitric Oxide Metabolites and Cortisol Amniotic Concentrations in at Term Normal Newborn Dogs: Preliminary ResultsJasmine Fusi0Augusto Carluccio1Tanja Peric2Massimo Faustini3Alberto Prandi4Maria Cristina Veronesi5Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyThe neonatal response to stress was reported to be related to the type of delivery, that is elective or emergency cesarean sections (ELCS and EMCS, respectively). Nitric oxide (NO) is also reported to be related to uterine inertia, and high levels of NO metabolites (NOs) are associated with physical and emotional stress. The study aimed to assess the concentrations of cortisol (C) and NOs in the amniotic fluid of puppies delivered by ELCS or EMCS. In total, 32 puppies were delivered by ELCS and 22 by EMCS. ANCOVA showed an effect of the ELCS vs. EMCS on both amniotic NOs (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and C (<i>p</i> < 0.001) concentrations. Lower amniotic C concentrations were found at increasing Apgar score (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Higher amniotic NOs concentrations were associated to increasing mother’s parity (<i>p</i> < 0.001), puppies’ birthweight (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and time of labor within the EMCS group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). A positive correlation between birthweight and amniotic NOs concentrations was also found (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the EMCS group. Due to the possible concurrence of several compartments (maternal, maybe placental, and fetal) to the final amniotic fluid composition, the definition of the role played by the three compartments in the higher C and NOs concentrations found in amniotic fluids collected from puppies delivered by EMCS than ELCS needs further clarification.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/3/713newborn dogelective Caesarean sectionemergency Caesarean sectionfetal fluidnitric oxide metabolitescortisol |
| spellingShingle | Jasmine Fusi Augusto Carluccio Tanja Peric Massimo Faustini Alberto Prandi Maria Cristina Veronesi Effect of Delivery by Emergency or Elective Cesarean Section on Nitric Oxide Metabolites and Cortisol Amniotic Concentrations in at Term Normal Newborn Dogs: Preliminary Results Animals newborn dog elective Caesarean section emergency Caesarean section fetal fluid nitric oxide metabolites cortisol |
| title | Effect of Delivery by Emergency or Elective Cesarean Section on Nitric Oxide Metabolites and Cortisol Amniotic Concentrations in at Term Normal Newborn Dogs: Preliminary Results |
| title_full | Effect of Delivery by Emergency or Elective Cesarean Section on Nitric Oxide Metabolites and Cortisol Amniotic Concentrations in at Term Normal Newborn Dogs: Preliminary Results |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Delivery by Emergency or Elective Cesarean Section on Nitric Oxide Metabolites and Cortisol Amniotic Concentrations in at Term Normal Newborn Dogs: Preliminary Results |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Delivery by Emergency or Elective Cesarean Section on Nitric Oxide Metabolites and Cortisol Amniotic Concentrations in at Term Normal Newborn Dogs: Preliminary Results |
| title_short | Effect of Delivery by Emergency or Elective Cesarean Section on Nitric Oxide Metabolites and Cortisol Amniotic Concentrations in at Term Normal Newborn Dogs: Preliminary Results |
| title_sort | effect of delivery by emergency or elective cesarean section on nitric oxide metabolites and cortisol amniotic concentrations in at term normal newborn dogs preliminary results |
| topic | newborn dog elective Caesarean section emergency Caesarean section fetal fluid nitric oxide metabolites cortisol |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/3/713 |
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