Rabies Virus Populations in Humans and Mice Show Minor Inter-Host Variability within Various Central Nervous System Regions and Peripheral Tissues
Rabies virus (RABV) has a broad host range and infects multiple cell types throughout the infection cycle. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and minor variant analysis are powerful tools for studying virus populations within specific hosts and tissues, leading to novel insights into the mechanisms of...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/12/2661 |
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| author | Carmen W. E. Embregts Elmoubashar A. B. A. Farag Devendra Bansal Marjan Boter Anne van der Linden Vincent P. Vaes Ingeborg van Middelkoop-van den Berg Jeroen. IJpelaar Hisham Ziglam Peter V. Coyle Imad Ibrahim Khaled A. Mohran Muneera Mohammed Saleh Alrajhi Md. Mazharul Islam Randa Abdeen Abdul Aziz Al-Zeyara Nidal Mahmoud Younis Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi Mohammad Hamad J. AlThani Reina S. Sikkema Marion P. G. Koopmans Bas B. Oude Munnink Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel |
| author_facet | Carmen W. E. Embregts Elmoubashar A. B. A. Farag Devendra Bansal Marjan Boter Anne van der Linden Vincent P. Vaes Ingeborg van Middelkoop-van den Berg Jeroen. IJpelaar Hisham Ziglam Peter V. Coyle Imad Ibrahim Khaled A. Mohran Muneera Mohammed Saleh Alrajhi Md. Mazharul Islam Randa Abdeen Abdul Aziz Al-Zeyara Nidal Mahmoud Younis Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi Mohammad Hamad J. AlThani Reina S. Sikkema Marion P. G. Koopmans Bas B. Oude Munnink Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel |
| author_sort | Carmen W. E. Embregts |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rabies virus (RABV) has a broad host range and infects multiple cell types throughout the infection cycle. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and minor variant analysis are powerful tools for studying virus populations within specific hosts and tissues, leading to novel insights into the mechanisms of host-switching and key factors for infecting specific cell types. In this study we investigated RABV populations and minor variants in both original (non-passaged) samples and in vitro-passaged isolates of various CNS regions (hippocampus, medulla oblongata and spinal cord) of a fatal human rabies case, and of multiple CNS and non-CNS tissues of experimentally infected mice. No differences in virus populations were detected between the human CNS regions, and only one non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was detected in the fifth in vitro passage of virus isolated from the spinal cord. However, the appearance of this SNP shows the importance of sequencing newly passaged virus stocks before further use. Similarly, we did not detect apparent differences in virus populations isolated from different CNS and non-CNS tissues of experimentally infected mice. Sequencing of viruses obtained from pharyngeal swab and salivary gland proved difficult, and we propose methods for improving sampling. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:44:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-41e54fea7bcc41a683f43c727af8dddd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:44:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-41e54fea7bcc41a683f43c727af8dddd2023-11-24T18:37:24ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-11-011412266110.3390/v14122661Rabies Virus Populations in Humans and Mice Show Minor Inter-Host Variability within Various Central Nervous System Regions and Peripheral TissuesCarmen W. E. Embregts0Elmoubashar A. B. A. Farag1Devendra Bansal2Marjan Boter3Anne van der Linden4Vincent P. Vaes5Ingeborg van Middelkoop-van den Berg6Jeroen. IJpelaar7Hisham Ziglam8Peter V. Coyle9Imad Ibrahim10Khaled A. Mohran11Muneera Mohammed Saleh Alrajhi12Md. Mazharul Islam13Randa Abdeen14Abdul Aziz Al-Zeyara15Nidal Mahmoud Younis16Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi17Mohammad Hamad J. AlThani18Reina S. Sikkema19Marion P. G. Koopmans20Bas B. Oude Munnink21Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel22Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsMinistry of Public Health, Doha P.O. Box 42, QatarMinistry of Public Health, Doha P.O. Box 42, QatarDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsHamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, QatarHamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, QatarHamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, QatarDepartment of Animal Resources, Ministry of Municipality, Doha P.O. Box 35081, QatarDepartment of Animal Resources, Ministry of Municipality, Doha P.O. Box 35081, QatarDepartment of Animal Resources, Ministry of Municipality, Doha P.O. Box 35081, QatarDepartment of Animal Resources, Ministry of Municipality, Doha P.O. Box 35081, QatarDepartment of Animal Resources, Ministry of Municipality, Doha P.O. Box 35081, QatarDepartment of Animal Resources, Ministry of Municipality, Doha P.O. Box 35081, QatarMinistry of Public Health, Doha P.O. Box 42, QatarMinistry of Public Health, Doha P.O. Box 42, QatarDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsRabies virus (RABV) has a broad host range and infects multiple cell types throughout the infection cycle. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and minor variant analysis are powerful tools for studying virus populations within specific hosts and tissues, leading to novel insights into the mechanisms of host-switching and key factors for infecting specific cell types. In this study we investigated RABV populations and minor variants in both original (non-passaged) samples and in vitro-passaged isolates of various CNS regions (hippocampus, medulla oblongata and spinal cord) of a fatal human rabies case, and of multiple CNS and non-CNS tissues of experimentally infected mice. No differences in virus populations were detected between the human CNS regions, and only one non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was detected in the fifth in vitro passage of virus isolated from the spinal cord. However, the appearance of this SNP shows the importance of sequencing newly passaged virus stocks before further use. Similarly, we did not detect apparent differences in virus populations isolated from different CNS and non-CNS tissues of experimentally infected mice. Sequencing of viruses obtained from pharyngeal swab and salivary gland proved difficult, and we propose methods for improving sampling.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/12/2661rabies virusNGSminor variantsCNS |
| spellingShingle | Carmen W. E. Embregts Elmoubashar A. B. A. Farag Devendra Bansal Marjan Boter Anne van der Linden Vincent P. Vaes Ingeborg van Middelkoop-van den Berg Jeroen. IJpelaar Hisham Ziglam Peter V. Coyle Imad Ibrahim Khaled A. Mohran Muneera Mohammed Saleh Alrajhi Md. Mazharul Islam Randa Abdeen Abdul Aziz Al-Zeyara Nidal Mahmoud Younis Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi Mohammad Hamad J. AlThani Reina S. Sikkema Marion P. G. Koopmans Bas B. Oude Munnink Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel Rabies Virus Populations in Humans and Mice Show Minor Inter-Host Variability within Various Central Nervous System Regions and Peripheral Tissues Viruses rabies virus NGS minor variants CNS |
| title | Rabies Virus Populations in Humans and Mice Show Minor Inter-Host Variability within Various Central Nervous System Regions and Peripheral Tissues |
| title_full | Rabies Virus Populations in Humans and Mice Show Minor Inter-Host Variability within Various Central Nervous System Regions and Peripheral Tissues |
| title_fullStr | Rabies Virus Populations in Humans and Mice Show Minor Inter-Host Variability within Various Central Nervous System Regions and Peripheral Tissues |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rabies Virus Populations in Humans and Mice Show Minor Inter-Host Variability within Various Central Nervous System Regions and Peripheral Tissues |
| title_short | Rabies Virus Populations in Humans and Mice Show Minor Inter-Host Variability within Various Central Nervous System Regions and Peripheral Tissues |
| title_sort | rabies virus populations in humans and mice show minor inter host variability within various central nervous system regions and peripheral tissues |
| topic | rabies virus NGS minor variants CNS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/12/2661 |
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