Observed changes in convective and stratiform precipitation in Northern Eurasia over the last five decades
Long-term changes in convective and stratiform precipitation in Northern Eurasia (NE) over the last five decades are estimated. Different types of precipitation are separated according to their genesis using routine meteorological observations of precipitation, weather conditions, and morphological...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Environmental Research Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aafb82 |
| _version_ | 1797748054595469312 |
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| author | Alexander Chernokulsky Fedor Kozlov Olga Zolina Olga Bulygina Igor I Mokhov Vladimir A Semenov |
| author_facet | Alexander Chernokulsky Fedor Kozlov Olga Zolina Olga Bulygina Igor I Mokhov Vladimir A Semenov |
| author_sort | Alexander Chernokulsky |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Long-term changes in convective and stratiform precipitation in Northern Eurasia (NE) over the last five decades are estimated. Different types of precipitation are separated according to their genesis using routine meteorological observations of precipitation, weather conditions, and morphological cloud types for the period 1966–2016. From an initial 538 stations, the main analysis is performed for 326 stations that have no gaps and meet criteria regarding the artificial discontinuity absence in the data. A moderate increase in total precipitation over the analyzed period is accompanied by a relatively strong growth of convective precipitation and a concurrent decrease in stratiform precipitation. Convective and stratiform precipitation totals, precipitation intensity and heavy precipitation sums depict major changes in summer, while the relative contribution of the two precipitation types to the total precipitation (including the contribution of heavy rain events) show the strongest trends in transition seasons. The contribution of heavy convective showers to the total precipitation increases with the statistically significant trend of 1%–2% per decade in vast NE regions, reaching 5% per decade at a number of stations. The largest increase is found over the southern Far East region, mostly because of positive changes in convective precipitation intensity with a linear trend of more than 1 mm/day/decade, implying a 13.8% increase per 1 °C warming. In general, stratiform precipitation decreases over the majority of NE regions in all seasons except for winter. This decrease happens at slower rates in comparison to the convective precipitation changes. The overall changes in the character of precipitation over the majority of NE regions are characterized by a redistribution of precipitation types toward more heavy showers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:59:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-41f96d65c74b4522bfb279e7a3e63c00 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1748-9326 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:59:27Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj.art-41f96d65c74b4522bfb279e7a3e63c002023-08-09T14:40:46ZengIOP PublishingEnvironmental Research Letters1748-93262019-01-0114404500110.1088/1748-9326/aafb82Observed changes in convective and stratiform precipitation in Northern Eurasia over the last five decadesAlexander Chernokulsky0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3635-6263Fedor Kozlov1Olga Zolina2Olga Bulygina3Igor I Mokhov4Vladimir A Semenov5A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow, RussiaA.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow, RussiaL’Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement, Grenoble, France; P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow, RussiaAll-Russian Research Institute of Hydrometeorological Information–World Data Center , Obninsk, RussiaA.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow, RussiaA.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow, Russia; Institute of Geography , Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, RussiaLong-term changes in convective and stratiform precipitation in Northern Eurasia (NE) over the last five decades are estimated. Different types of precipitation are separated according to their genesis using routine meteorological observations of precipitation, weather conditions, and morphological cloud types for the period 1966–2016. From an initial 538 stations, the main analysis is performed for 326 stations that have no gaps and meet criteria regarding the artificial discontinuity absence in the data. A moderate increase in total precipitation over the analyzed period is accompanied by a relatively strong growth of convective precipitation and a concurrent decrease in stratiform precipitation. Convective and stratiform precipitation totals, precipitation intensity and heavy precipitation sums depict major changes in summer, while the relative contribution of the two precipitation types to the total precipitation (including the contribution of heavy rain events) show the strongest trends in transition seasons. The contribution of heavy convective showers to the total precipitation increases with the statistically significant trend of 1%–2% per decade in vast NE regions, reaching 5% per decade at a number of stations. The largest increase is found over the southern Far East region, mostly because of positive changes in convective precipitation intensity with a linear trend of more than 1 mm/day/decade, implying a 13.8% increase per 1 °C warming. In general, stratiform precipitation decreases over the majority of NE regions in all seasons except for winter. This decrease happens at slower rates in comparison to the convective precipitation changes. The overall changes in the character of precipitation over the majority of NE regions are characterized by a redistribution of precipitation types toward more heavy showers.https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aafb82precipitation extremesconvective showersprecipitation typesstratiform precipitationregional climate changessurface observation |
| spellingShingle | Alexander Chernokulsky Fedor Kozlov Olga Zolina Olga Bulygina Igor I Mokhov Vladimir A Semenov Observed changes in convective and stratiform precipitation in Northern Eurasia over the last five decades Environmental Research Letters precipitation extremes convective showers precipitation types stratiform precipitation regional climate changes surface observation |
| title | Observed changes in convective and stratiform precipitation in Northern Eurasia over the last five decades |
| title_full | Observed changes in convective and stratiform precipitation in Northern Eurasia over the last five decades |
| title_fullStr | Observed changes in convective and stratiform precipitation in Northern Eurasia over the last five decades |
| title_full_unstemmed | Observed changes in convective and stratiform precipitation in Northern Eurasia over the last five decades |
| title_short | Observed changes in convective and stratiform precipitation in Northern Eurasia over the last five decades |
| title_sort | observed changes in convective and stratiform precipitation in northern eurasia over the last five decades |
| topic | precipitation extremes convective showers precipitation types stratiform precipitation regional climate changes surface observation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aafb82 |
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