Immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of Zingiber and Alpinia species: a review
Zingiber and Alpinia species (family: Zingiberaceae) are popularly used in food as spices and flavoring agents and in ethnomedicine to heal numerous diseases, including immune-related disorders. However, their ethnomedicinal uses have not been sufficiently supported by scientific investigations. Num...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1222195/full |
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| author | Yuandani Yuandani Ibrahim Jantan Md. Areeful Haque Ade Sri Rohani Sony Eka Nugraha Emil Salim Abdi Wira Septama Nur Aira Juwita Nur Aini Khairunnisa Halimah Raina Nasution Dinda Sari Utami Sarah Ibrahim |
| author_facet | Yuandani Yuandani Ibrahim Jantan Md. Areeful Haque Ade Sri Rohani Sony Eka Nugraha Emil Salim Abdi Wira Septama Nur Aira Juwita Nur Aini Khairunnisa Halimah Raina Nasution Dinda Sari Utami Sarah Ibrahim |
| author_sort | Yuandani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Zingiber and Alpinia species (family: Zingiberaceae) are popularly used in food as spices and flavoring agents and in ethnomedicine to heal numerous diseases, including immune-related disorders. However, their ethnomedicinal uses have not been sufficiently supported by scientific investigations. Numerous studies on the modulating effects of plants and their bioactive compounds on the different steps of the immune system have been documented. This review aimed to highlight up-to-date research findings and critically analyze the modulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of several Zingiber and Alpinia species, namely, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Z. cassumunar Roxb., Z. zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm., Alpinia galanga Linn., A. conchigera Griff, A. katsumadai Hayata, A. oxyphylla Miq., A. officinarum Hance, A. zerumbet (Pers.) Burtt. et Smith, and A. purpurata (Viell.) K. Schum. on the immune system, particularly via the inflammation-related signaling pathways. The immunomodulating activities of the crude extracts of the plants have been reported, but the constituents contributing to the activities have mostly not been identified. Among the extracts, Z. officinale extracts were the most investigated for their in vitro, in vivo, and clinical effects on the immune system. Among the bioactive metabolites, 6-, 8-, and 10-gingerols, 6-shogaol, and zerumbone from Zingiber species and cardamomin, 1′-acetoxychavicol acetate, yakuchinone, rutin, 1,8-cineole, and lectin from Alpinia species have demonstrated strong immunomodulating effects. More experimental studies using cell and animal models of immune-related disorders are necessary to further understand the underlying mechanisms, together with elaborate preclinical pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, bioavailability, and toxicity studies. Many of these extracts and secondary metabolites are potential candidates for clinical development in immunomodulating agents or functional foods to prevent and treat chronic inflammatory disorders. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T23:08:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-420e4cf2a64f400c84fddf9291857a1c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T23:08:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-420e4cf2a64f400c84fddf9291857a1c2023-07-18T09:39:46ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122023-07-011410.3389/fphar.2023.12221951222195Immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of Zingiber and Alpinia species: a review Yuandani0 Yuandani1Ibrahim Jantan2Md. Areeful Haque3Ade Sri Rohani4Sony Eka Nugraha5Emil Salim6Abdi Wira Septama7Nur Aira Juwita8Nur Aini Khairunnisa9Halimah Raina Nasution10Dinda Sari Utami11Sarah Ibrahim12Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, IndonesiaCentre of Excellence for Chitosan and Advanced Materials, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, IndonesiaInstitute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United StatesFaculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, IndonesiaFaculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, IndonesiaFaculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, IndonesiaResearch Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Bogor, IndonesiaFaculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, IndonesiaFaculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, IndonesiaFaculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, IndonesiaFaculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, IndonesiaInstitute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, MalaysiaZingiber and Alpinia species (family: Zingiberaceae) are popularly used in food as spices and flavoring agents and in ethnomedicine to heal numerous diseases, including immune-related disorders. However, their ethnomedicinal uses have not been sufficiently supported by scientific investigations. Numerous studies on the modulating effects of plants and their bioactive compounds on the different steps of the immune system have been documented. This review aimed to highlight up-to-date research findings and critically analyze the modulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of several Zingiber and Alpinia species, namely, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Z. cassumunar Roxb., Z. zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm., Alpinia galanga Linn., A. conchigera Griff, A. katsumadai Hayata, A. oxyphylla Miq., A. officinarum Hance, A. zerumbet (Pers.) Burtt. et Smith, and A. purpurata (Viell.) K. Schum. on the immune system, particularly via the inflammation-related signaling pathways. The immunomodulating activities of the crude extracts of the plants have been reported, but the constituents contributing to the activities have mostly not been identified. Among the extracts, Z. officinale extracts were the most investigated for their in vitro, in vivo, and clinical effects on the immune system. Among the bioactive metabolites, 6-, 8-, and 10-gingerols, 6-shogaol, and zerumbone from Zingiber species and cardamomin, 1′-acetoxychavicol acetate, yakuchinone, rutin, 1,8-cineole, and lectin from Alpinia species have demonstrated strong immunomodulating effects. More experimental studies using cell and animal models of immune-related disorders are necessary to further understand the underlying mechanisms, together with elaborate preclinical pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, bioavailability, and toxicity studies. Many of these extracts and secondary metabolites are potential candidates for clinical development in immunomodulating agents or functional foods to prevent and treat chronic inflammatory disorders.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1222195/fullZingiber speciesAlpinia speciesgingerolszerumboneimmunomodulatorysignaling pathways |
| spellingShingle | Yuandani Yuandani Ibrahim Jantan Md. Areeful Haque Ade Sri Rohani Sony Eka Nugraha Emil Salim Abdi Wira Septama Nur Aira Juwita Nur Aini Khairunnisa Halimah Raina Nasution Dinda Sari Utami Sarah Ibrahim Immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of Zingiber and Alpinia species: a review Frontiers in Pharmacology Zingiber species Alpinia species gingerols zerumbone immunomodulatory signaling pathways |
| title | Immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of Zingiber and Alpinia species: a review |
| title_full | Immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of Zingiber and Alpinia species: a review |
| title_fullStr | Immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of Zingiber and Alpinia species: a review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of Zingiber and Alpinia species: a review |
| title_short | Immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of Zingiber and Alpinia species: a review |
| title_sort | immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of the extracts and secondary compounds of zingiber and alpinia species a review |
| topic | Zingiber species Alpinia species gingerols zerumbone immunomodulatory signaling pathways |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1222195/full |
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