Effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers
Flumethrin is a widely used acaricide, but its improper use often leads to residue accumulation in honeybee colonies, thus threatening the health of honeybees, especially at the larval stage. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the direct toxicity of flumethrin on honeybee (Apis mellifera) larva...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.1054769/full |
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| author | Chen Liu Chen Liu Xiaobo Wu Xiaobo Wu Heyan Yang Heyan Yang Longtao Yu Longtao Yu Yong Zhang Yong Zhang |
| author_facet | Chen Liu Chen Liu Xiaobo Wu Xiaobo Wu Heyan Yang Heyan Yang Longtao Yu Longtao Yu Yong Zhang Yong Zhang |
| author_sort | Chen Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Flumethrin is a widely used acaricide, but its improper use often leads to residue accumulation in honeybee colonies, thus threatening the health of honeybees, especially at the larval stage. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the direct toxicity of flumethrin on honeybee (Apis mellifera) larvae by conducting bioassays for immune and detoxification-related enzymes and transcriptome sequencing to determine the potential effects on newly emerged adults who were exposed to flumethrin during the larval stage. Results showed that the higher the concentration of flumethrin the honeybee larvae were exposed to, the greater the damage to the physiology of honeybee larvae and the newly emerged worker bees. When honeybee larvae were exposed to flumethrin concentrations higher than 0.01 mg/L, the activities of glutathione sulfur transferase and carboxylesterase were affected, and the metabolism-related genes in the head of newly emerged honeybees exposed to flumethrin during the larval stage were down-regulated. Flumethrin concentration higher than 0.1 mg/L significantly increased mixed-functional oxidase content in honeybee larvae, reduced the larval survival rate, and down-regulated the expression levels of olfactory-related and antioxidant-related genes in newly emerged honeybees. Furthermore, a flumethrin concentration of 1 mg/L significantly down-regulated the expression levels of immune and detoxification-related genes in newly emerged honeybees. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the response of honeybee larvae to sublethal flumethrin toxicity and could be used to further investigate the complex molecular mechanisms in honeybees under pesticide stress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:52:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-422a168220684b8a89947ac557880ec0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:52:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-422a168220684b8a89947ac557880ec02022-12-22T04:23:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2022-12-011310.3389/fphys.2022.10547691054769Effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workersChen Liu0Chen Liu1Xiaobo Wu2Xiaobo Wu3Heyan Yang4Heyan Yang5Longtao Yu6Longtao Yu7Yong Zhang8Yong Zhang9Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, ChinaJiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang, ChinaHoneybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, ChinaJiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang, ChinaHoneybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, ChinaJiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang, ChinaHoneybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, ChinaJiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang, ChinaHoneybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, ChinaJiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang, ChinaFlumethrin is a widely used acaricide, but its improper use often leads to residue accumulation in honeybee colonies, thus threatening the health of honeybees, especially at the larval stage. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the direct toxicity of flumethrin on honeybee (Apis mellifera) larvae by conducting bioassays for immune and detoxification-related enzymes and transcriptome sequencing to determine the potential effects on newly emerged adults who were exposed to flumethrin during the larval stage. Results showed that the higher the concentration of flumethrin the honeybee larvae were exposed to, the greater the damage to the physiology of honeybee larvae and the newly emerged worker bees. When honeybee larvae were exposed to flumethrin concentrations higher than 0.01 mg/L, the activities of glutathione sulfur transferase and carboxylesterase were affected, and the metabolism-related genes in the head of newly emerged honeybees exposed to flumethrin during the larval stage were down-regulated. Flumethrin concentration higher than 0.1 mg/L significantly increased mixed-functional oxidase content in honeybee larvae, reduced the larval survival rate, and down-regulated the expression levels of olfactory-related and antioxidant-related genes in newly emerged honeybees. Furthermore, a flumethrin concentration of 1 mg/L significantly down-regulated the expression levels of immune and detoxification-related genes in newly emerged honeybees. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the response of honeybee larvae to sublethal flumethrin toxicity and could be used to further investigate the complex molecular mechanisms in honeybees under pesticide stress.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.1054769/fullflumethrinApis melliferaenzymetoxicitytranscriptome |
| spellingShingle | Chen Liu Chen Liu Xiaobo Wu Xiaobo Wu Heyan Yang Heyan Yang Longtao Yu Longtao Yu Yong Zhang Yong Zhang Effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers Frontiers in Physiology flumethrin Apis mellifera enzyme toxicity transcriptome |
| title | Effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers |
| title_full | Effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers |
| title_fullStr | Effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers |
| title_short | Effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers |
| title_sort | effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee apis mellifera workers |
| topic | flumethrin Apis mellifera enzyme toxicity transcriptome |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.1054769/full |
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