GNSS Real–Time Precise Point Positioning in Arctic Northeast Passage
Human activities in the Arctic regions have been increasing in recent years due to the impacts of climate change, such as Arctic Sea ice decline. For example, there has been an increase in Arctic shipping routes. A robust navigation system with a high positioning accuracy is required when traversing...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/10/1345 |
| _version_ | 1827649657960923136 |
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| author | Mingwei Di Bofeng Guo Jie Ren Xiang Wu Zhaoyi Zhang Yicheng Liu Qingju Liu Anmin Zhang |
| author_facet | Mingwei Di Bofeng Guo Jie Ren Xiang Wu Zhaoyi Zhang Yicheng Liu Qingju Liu Anmin Zhang |
| author_sort | Mingwei Di |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human activities in the Arctic regions have been increasing in recent years due to the impacts of climate change, such as Arctic Sea ice decline. For example, there has been an increase in Arctic shipping routes. A robust navigation system with a high positioning accuracy is required when traversing the extremely challenging Arctic environment to ensure the safety of human activities. However, the high–precision GNSS navigation and the positioning method, e.g., real–time kinematic (RTK), is not available in the polar regions due to the accessibility issues of the required infrastructures. On the other hand, the International GNSS Service (IGS) enables real–time applications; additionally, quick and convenient satellite communication systems are also available. This offers the possibility of real–time precise point positioning (RT–PPP) with multi–GNSS for high-precision navigation in the Arctic. In our paper, we analyzed the performance of multi–GNSS RT–PPP in the Arctic Northeast Passage (NEP), highlighting the following contributions: First, a GNSS device is installed on the M/V TIANHUI, which passed through the NEP from 10 September to 20 September 2019; Second, we quantitatively evaluated the collected GNSS signals in terms of the maximum satellite elevations, number of visible satellites (NSAT), position dilution of precision (PDOP) values, signal–to–noise ratio (SNR), and multipath errors. Third, we evaluated the accuracy of the CLK93 real–time products compared with the Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ) final products GBM. Finally, we carried out experiments for both single– (SF) and dual–frequency (DF) RT–PPP in the NEP during the 11–day testing period. Our experimental results show that meter–level positioning accuracy can be achieved with SF RT–PPP, while the DF RT–PPP model reaches sub–decimeter values and even centimeter–level accuracy. In addition, using the multi–GNSS method, we showed that the average RMS values of DF RT–PPP in the horizontal and vertical directions are 0.080 m and 0.057 m, respectively, demonstrating an improvement of approximately 70% over single–GPS solutions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:01:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-422d2eddedb14153ad53dc19590f7be2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:01:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-422d2eddedb14153ad53dc19590f7be22023-11-24T00:42:50ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122022-09-011010134510.3390/jmse10101345GNSS Real–Time Precise Point Positioning in Arctic Northeast PassageMingwei Di0Bofeng Guo1Jie Ren2Xiang Wu3Zhaoyi Zhang4Yicheng Liu5Qingju Liu6Anmin Zhang7School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, ChinaCentre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UKSchool of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, ChinaHuman activities in the Arctic regions have been increasing in recent years due to the impacts of climate change, such as Arctic Sea ice decline. For example, there has been an increase in Arctic shipping routes. A robust navigation system with a high positioning accuracy is required when traversing the extremely challenging Arctic environment to ensure the safety of human activities. However, the high–precision GNSS navigation and the positioning method, e.g., real–time kinematic (RTK), is not available in the polar regions due to the accessibility issues of the required infrastructures. On the other hand, the International GNSS Service (IGS) enables real–time applications; additionally, quick and convenient satellite communication systems are also available. This offers the possibility of real–time precise point positioning (RT–PPP) with multi–GNSS for high-precision navigation in the Arctic. In our paper, we analyzed the performance of multi–GNSS RT–PPP in the Arctic Northeast Passage (NEP), highlighting the following contributions: First, a GNSS device is installed on the M/V TIANHUI, which passed through the NEP from 10 September to 20 September 2019; Second, we quantitatively evaluated the collected GNSS signals in terms of the maximum satellite elevations, number of visible satellites (NSAT), position dilution of precision (PDOP) values, signal–to–noise ratio (SNR), and multipath errors. Third, we evaluated the accuracy of the CLK93 real–time products compared with the Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ) final products GBM. Finally, we carried out experiments for both single– (SF) and dual–frequency (DF) RT–PPP in the NEP during the 11–day testing period. Our experimental results show that meter–level positioning accuracy can be achieved with SF RT–PPP, while the DF RT–PPP model reaches sub–decimeter values and even centimeter–level accuracy. In addition, using the multi–GNSS method, we showed that the average RMS values of DF RT–PPP in the horizontal and vertical directions are 0.080 m and 0.057 m, respectively, demonstrating an improvement of approximately 70% over single–GPS solutions.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/10/1345Arctic Northeast PassageGNSSRT–PPPsignal quality |
| spellingShingle | Mingwei Di Bofeng Guo Jie Ren Xiang Wu Zhaoyi Zhang Yicheng Liu Qingju Liu Anmin Zhang GNSS Real–Time Precise Point Positioning in Arctic Northeast Passage Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Arctic Northeast Passage GNSS RT–PPP signal quality |
| title | GNSS Real–Time Precise Point Positioning in Arctic Northeast Passage |
| title_full | GNSS Real–Time Precise Point Positioning in Arctic Northeast Passage |
| title_fullStr | GNSS Real–Time Precise Point Positioning in Arctic Northeast Passage |
| title_full_unstemmed | GNSS Real–Time Precise Point Positioning in Arctic Northeast Passage |
| title_short | GNSS Real–Time Precise Point Positioning in Arctic Northeast Passage |
| title_sort | gnss real time precise point positioning in arctic northeast passage |
| topic | Arctic Northeast Passage GNSS RT–PPP signal quality |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/10/1345 |
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