Capecitabine versus 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer: where are we now?
Fluorouracil (5-FU) remains the most widely used agent for colorectal cancer. Capecitabine is a rationally designed 5-FU pro-drug developed to mimic the continuous infusion of 5-FU while avoiding complications and inconvenience of intravenous administration. Capecitabine is absorbed intact from the...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2011-06-01
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| Series: | Oncology Reviews |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.oncologyreviews.org/index.php/or/article/view/26 |
| _version_ | 1797963071954616320 |
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| author | Lakshmi Chintala Susmitha Vaka Joaquina Baranda Stephen K. Williamson |
| author_facet | Lakshmi Chintala Susmitha Vaka Joaquina Baranda Stephen K. Williamson |
| author_sort | Lakshmi Chintala |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fluorouracil (5-FU) remains the most widely used agent for colorectal cancer. Capecitabine is a rationally designed 5-FU pro-drug developed to mimic the continuous infusion of 5-FU while avoiding complications and inconvenience of intravenous administration. Capecitabine is absorbed intact from the gastrointestinal tract, converted enzymatically to active 5-FU, and released directly into the tumor. Capecitabine’s efficacy and safety are shown in multiple phase III trials across different disease stages and therapy lines. Three randomized phase III trials demonstrated the equivalence of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) versus 5-FU/leucovorin (LV)/oxaliplatin (FOLFOX). The safety of capecitabine compared with 5-FU depends on the regimen of 5-FU used. The adverse event rate with oxaliplatin in combination with infusional 5-FU is similar to that of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin but is associated with more neutropenia and venous thrombotic events; capecitabine plus oxaliplatinbased regimens tend to be associated with more grade 3 diarrhea and hand-foot skin reaction. Combination therapy with capecitabine and irinotecan (CapeIRI) versus 5-FU/ LV and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) had more variable results; some former schedules resulted in excessive treatmentrelated toxicity. More recent data show that lower capecitabine and irinotecan doses, different schedules, and combination with targeted agents (e.g, bevacizumab) have resulted in more favorable outcomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T01:22:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-42318c25350f4a4582168a721602820d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1970-5557 1970-5565 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T01:22:36Z |
| publishDate | 2011-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Oncology Reviews |
| spelling | doaj.art-42318c25350f4a4582168a721602820d2023-01-03T10:55:35ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Oncology Reviews1970-55571970-55652011-06-015210.4081/oncol.2011.12921Capecitabine versus 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer: where are we now?Lakshmi Chintala0Susmitha Vaka1Joaquina Baranda2Stephen K. Williamson3Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Kansas Cancer CenterDivision of Hematology/Oncology, University of Kansas Cancer CenterDivision of Hematology/Oncology, University of Kansas Cancer CenterDivision of Hematology/Oncology, University of Kansas Cancer CenterFluorouracil (5-FU) remains the most widely used agent for colorectal cancer. Capecitabine is a rationally designed 5-FU pro-drug developed to mimic the continuous infusion of 5-FU while avoiding complications and inconvenience of intravenous administration. Capecitabine is absorbed intact from the gastrointestinal tract, converted enzymatically to active 5-FU, and released directly into the tumor. Capecitabine’s efficacy and safety are shown in multiple phase III trials across different disease stages and therapy lines. Three randomized phase III trials demonstrated the equivalence of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) versus 5-FU/leucovorin (LV)/oxaliplatin (FOLFOX). The safety of capecitabine compared with 5-FU depends on the regimen of 5-FU used. The adverse event rate with oxaliplatin in combination with infusional 5-FU is similar to that of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin but is associated with more neutropenia and venous thrombotic events; capecitabine plus oxaliplatinbased regimens tend to be associated with more grade 3 diarrhea and hand-foot skin reaction. Combination therapy with capecitabine and irinotecan (CapeIRI) versus 5-FU/ LV and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) had more variable results; some former schedules resulted in excessive treatmentrelated toxicity. More recent data show that lower capecitabine and irinotecan doses, different schedules, and combination with targeted agents (e.g, bevacizumab) have resulted in more favorable outcomes.http://www.oncologyreviews.org/index.php/or/article/view/26Capecitabine - Chemotherapy - Colorectal cancer - Combination therapy - Fluorouracil |
| spellingShingle | Lakshmi Chintala Susmitha Vaka Joaquina Baranda Stephen K. Williamson Capecitabine versus 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer: where are we now? Oncology Reviews Capecitabine - Chemotherapy - Colorectal cancer - Combination therapy - Fluorouracil |
| title | Capecitabine versus 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer: where are we now? |
| title_full | Capecitabine versus 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer: where are we now? |
| title_fullStr | Capecitabine versus 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer: where are we now? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Capecitabine versus 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer: where are we now? |
| title_short | Capecitabine versus 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer: where are we now? |
| title_sort | capecitabine versus 5 fluorouracil in colorectal cancer where are we now |
| topic | Capecitabine - Chemotherapy - Colorectal cancer - Combination therapy - Fluorouracil |
| url | http://www.oncologyreviews.org/index.php/or/article/view/26 |
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