Alkaline Stress Induces Different Physiological, Hormonal and Gene Expression Responses in Diploid and Autotetraploid Rice
Saline−alkaline stress is a critical abiotic stress that negatively affects plants’ growth and development. Considerably higher enhancements in plant tolerance to saline−alkaline stress have often been observed in polyploid plants compared to their diploid relatives, the underlying mechanism of whic...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| author | Ningning Wang Xuhong Fan Yujie Lin Zhe Li Yingkai Wang Yiming Zhou Weilong Meng Zhanwu Peng Chunying Zhang Jian Ma |
| author_facet | Ningning Wang Xuhong Fan Yujie Lin Zhe Li Yingkai Wang Yiming Zhou Weilong Meng Zhanwu Peng Chunying Zhang Jian Ma |
| author_sort | Ningning Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Saline−alkaline stress is a critical abiotic stress that negatively affects plants’ growth and development. Considerably higher enhancements in plant tolerance to saline−alkaline stress have often been observed in polyploid plants compared to their diploid relatives, the underlying mechanism of which remains elusive. In this study, we explored the variations in morphological and physiological characteristics, phytohormones, and genome-wide gene expression between an autotetraploid rice and its diploid relative in response to alkaline stress. It was observed that the polyploidization in the autotetraploid rice imparted a higher level of alkaline tolerance than in its diploid relative. An eclectic array of physiological parameters commonly used for abiotic stress, such as proline, soluble sugars, and malondialdehyde, together with the activities of some selected antioxidant enzymes, was analyzed at five time points in the first 24 h following the alkaline stress treatment between the diploid and autotetraploid rice. Phytohormones, such as abscisic acid and indole-3-acetic acid were also comparatively evaluated between the two types of rice with different ploidy levels under alkaline stress. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that gene expression patterns were altered in accordance with the variations in the cellular levels of phytohormones between diploid and autotetraploid plants upon alkaline stress. In particular, the expression of genes related to peroxide and transcription factors was substantially upregulated in autotetraploid plants compared to diploid plants in response to the alkaline stress treatment. In essence, diploid and autotetraploid rice plants exhibited differential gene expression patterns in response to the alkaline stress, which may shed more light on the mechanism underpinning the ameliorated plant tolerance to alkaline stress following genome duplication. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:44:17Z |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-42345f08e5a74863a2c6ce3e67cd9e682023-11-23T11:24:48ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-05-012310556110.3390/ijms23105561Alkaline Stress Induces Different Physiological, Hormonal and Gene Expression Responses in Diploid and Autotetraploid RiceNingning Wang0Xuhong Fan1Yujie Lin2Zhe Li3Yingkai Wang4Yiming Zhou5Weilong Meng6Zhanwu Peng7Chunying Zhang8Jian Ma9Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130000, ChinaSoybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, ChinaFaculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130000, ChinaFaculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130000, ChinaFaculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130000, ChinaFaculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130000, ChinaFaculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130000, ChinaInformation Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130000, ChinaFaculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130000, ChinaFaculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130000, ChinaSaline−alkaline stress is a critical abiotic stress that negatively affects plants’ growth and development. Considerably higher enhancements in plant tolerance to saline−alkaline stress have often been observed in polyploid plants compared to their diploid relatives, the underlying mechanism of which remains elusive. In this study, we explored the variations in morphological and physiological characteristics, phytohormones, and genome-wide gene expression between an autotetraploid rice and its diploid relative in response to alkaline stress. It was observed that the polyploidization in the autotetraploid rice imparted a higher level of alkaline tolerance than in its diploid relative. An eclectic array of physiological parameters commonly used for abiotic stress, such as proline, soluble sugars, and malondialdehyde, together with the activities of some selected antioxidant enzymes, was analyzed at five time points in the first 24 h following the alkaline stress treatment between the diploid and autotetraploid rice. Phytohormones, such as abscisic acid and indole-3-acetic acid were also comparatively evaluated between the two types of rice with different ploidy levels under alkaline stress. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that gene expression patterns were altered in accordance with the variations in the cellular levels of phytohormones between diploid and autotetraploid plants upon alkaline stress. In particular, the expression of genes related to peroxide and transcription factors was substantially upregulated in autotetraploid plants compared to diploid plants in response to the alkaline stress treatment. In essence, diploid and autotetraploid rice plants exhibited differential gene expression patterns in response to the alkaline stress, which may shed more light on the mechanism underpinning the ameliorated plant tolerance to alkaline stress following genome duplication.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/10/5561diploidautotetraploidgene expressionhormonealkaline stress |
| spellingShingle | Ningning Wang Xuhong Fan Yujie Lin Zhe Li Yingkai Wang Yiming Zhou Weilong Meng Zhanwu Peng Chunying Zhang Jian Ma Alkaline Stress Induces Different Physiological, Hormonal and Gene Expression Responses in Diploid and Autotetraploid Rice International Journal of Molecular Sciences diploid autotetraploid gene expression hormone alkaline stress |
| title | Alkaline Stress Induces Different Physiological, Hormonal and Gene Expression Responses in Diploid and Autotetraploid Rice |
| title_full | Alkaline Stress Induces Different Physiological, Hormonal and Gene Expression Responses in Diploid and Autotetraploid Rice |
| title_fullStr | Alkaline Stress Induces Different Physiological, Hormonal and Gene Expression Responses in Diploid and Autotetraploid Rice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alkaline Stress Induces Different Physiological, Hormonal and Gene Expression Responses in Diploid and Autotetraploid Rice |
| title_short | Alkaline Stress Induces Different Physiological, Hormonal and Gene Expression Responses in Diploid and Autotetraploid Rice |
| title_sort | alkaline stress induces different physiological hormonal and gene expression responses in diploid and autotetraploid rice |
| topic | diploid autotetraploid gene expression hormone alkaline stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/10/5561 |
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