Estimating water levels caused by a tropical storm along the Bangladesh coast: A numerical approach
In this study, water levels resulting from the dynamic interaction of tide and surge are estimated by solving a 2-D vertically integrated shallow water equations numerically. To solve the equations on the specific 2-D grid, the explicit Leapfrog scheme is implemented, adopting a staggered Arakawa C-...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-10-01
|
| Series: | Heliyon |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023071098 |
| _version_ | 1797646576720543744 |
|---|---|
| author | Gour Chandra Paul Irfan Raju Md Zakir Hossain Tauhida Md Nuruzzaman Mst Rupale Khatun Md Emran Ali |
| author_facet | Gour Chandra Paul Irfan Raju Md Zakir Hossain Tauhida Md Nuruzzaman Mst Rupale Khatun Md Emran Ali |
| author_sort | Gour Chandra Paul |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, water levels resulting from the dynamic interaction of tide and surge are estimated by solving a 2-D vertically integrated shallow water equations numerically. To solve the equations on the specific 2-D grid, the explicit Leapfrog scheme is implemented, adopting a staggered Arakawa C-grid. The domain's complex land-sea interface is approximated through the stair-step method in order to employ the finite difference technique. To incorporate the complexity of the domain with a considerably high accuracy and to reduce computational cost, one-way nested grid models are embraced. The Meghna River freshwater discharge is incorporated into the innermost child model. A stable tidal regime over the region of interest is generated by applying the four vital tidal constituents, namely M2 (principal lunar semidiurnal), S2 (principal solar semidiurnal), O1 (principal lunar diurnal) and K1 (luni-solar diurnal) in the southern open boundary of the outermost model. This previously effectuated tidal regime is used as the initial state of the sea in getting total water levels due to the dynamic interaction of tide and surge. Numerical experiments are performed with the storm AILA that hit the coast of Bangladesh on May 25, 2009. The simulated results are found to closely match observed and reported data. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T15:04:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-425dac753668484a821678391c5d2c4f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T15:04:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-425dac753668484a821678391c5d2c4f2023-10-30T06:05:21ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402023-10-01910e19901Estimating water levels caused by a tropical storm along the Bangladesh coast: A numerical approachGour Chandra Paul0Irfan Raju1Md Zakir Hossain2 Tauhida3Md Nuruzzaman4Mst Rupale Khatun5Md Emran Ali6Department of Mathematics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh; Corresponding author.Department of Arts and Sciences, Bangladesh Army University of Science and Technology, Saidpur Cantonment, Saidpur 5310, BangladeshDepartment of Basic Sciences and Humanities, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, 1205, BangladeshDepartment of Computer Science Engineering, Northern University Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1230, BangladeshDepartment of Mathematics, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi, 6204, BangladeshDepartment of Mathematics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh; Department of Mathematics, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi, 6204, BangladeshDepartment of Mathematics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh; Department of Textile Engineering, Northern University Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1230, BangladeshIn this study, water levels resulting from the dynamic interaction of tide and surge are estimated by solving a 2-D vertically integrated shallow water equations numerically. To solve the equations on the specific 2-D grid, the explicit Leapfrog scheme is implemented, adopting a staggered Arakawa C-grid. The domain's complex land-sea interface is approximated through the stair-step method in order to employ the finite difference technique. To incorporate the complexity of the domain with a considerably high accuracy and to reduce computational cost, one-way nested grid models are embraced. The Meghna River freshwater discharge is incorporated into the innermost child model. A stable tidal regime over the region of interest is generated by applying the four vital tidal constituents, namely M2 (principal lunar semidiurnal), S2 (principal solar semidiurnal), O1 (principal lunar diurnal) and K1 (luni-solar diurnal) in the southern open boundary of the outermost model. This previously effectuated tidal regime is used as the initial state of the sea in getting total water levels due to the dynamic interaction of tide and surge. Numerical experiments are performed with the storm AILA that hit the coast of Bangladesh on May 25, 2009. The simulated results are found to closely match observed and reported data.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023071098Shallow water equationsLeapfrog schemeAILANested scheme |
| spellingShingle | Gour Chandra Paul Irfan Raju Md Zakir Hossain Tauhida Md Nuruzzaman Mst Rupale Khatun Md Emran Ali Estimating water levels caused by a tropical storm along the Bangladesh coast: A numerical approach Heliyon Shallow water equations Leapfrog scheme AILA Nested scheme |
| title | Estimating water levels caused by a tropical storm along the Bangladesh coast: A numerical approach |
| title_full | Estimating water levels caused by a tropical storm along the Bangladesh coast: A numerical approach |
| title_fullStr | Estimating water levels caused by a tropical storm along the Bangladesh coast: A numerical approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Estimating water levels caused by a tropical storm along the Bangladesh coast: A numerical approach |
| title_short | Estimating water levels caused by a tropical storm along the Bangladesh coast: A numerical approach |
| title_sort | estimating water levels caused by a tropical storm along the bangladesh coast a numerical approach |
| topic | Shallow water equations Leapfrog scheme AILA Nested scheme |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023071098 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gourchandrapaul estimatingwaterlevelscausedbyatropicalstormalongthebangladeshcoastanumericalapproach AT irfanraju estimatingwaterlevelscausedbyatropicalstormalongthebangladeshcoastanumericalapproach AT mdzakirhossain estimatingwaterlevelscausedbyatropicalstormalongthebangladeshcoastanumericalapproach AT tauhida estimatingwaterlevelscausedbyatropicalstormalongthebangladeshcoastanumericalapproach AT mdnuruzzaman estimatingwaterlevelscausedbyatropicalstormalongthebangladeshcoastanumericalapproach AT mstrupalekhatun estimatingwaterlevelscausedbyatropicalstormalongthebangladeshcoastanumericalapproach AT mdemranali estimatingwaterlevelscausedbyatropicalstormalongthebangladeshcoastanumericalapproach |