Assembly and Function of the Juxtaparanodal Kv1 Complex in Health and Disease
The precise axonal distribution of specific potassium channels is known to secure the shape and frequency of action potentials in myelinated fibers. The low-threshold voltage-gated Kv1 channels located at the axon initial segment have a significant influence on spike initiation and waveform. Their r...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Life |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/1/8 |
| _version_ | 1797543626397450240 |
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| author | Delphine Pinatel Catherine Faivre-Sarrailh |
| author_facet | Delphine Pinatel Catherine Faivre-Sarrailh |
| author_sort | Delphine Pinatel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The precise axonal distribution of specific potassium channels is known to secure the shape and frequency of action potentials in myelinated fibers. The low-threshold voltage-gated Kv1 channels located at the axon initial segment have a significant influence on spike initiation and waveform. Their role remains partially understood at the juxtaparanodes where they are trapped under the compact myelin bordering the nodes of Ranvier in physiological conditions. However, the exposure of Kv1 channels in de- or dys-myelinating neuropathy results in alteration of saltatory conduction. Moreover, cell adhesion molecules associated with the Kv1 complex, including Caspr2, Contactin2, and LGI1, are target antigens in autoimmune diseases associated with hyperexcitability such as encephalitis, neuromyotonia, or neuropathic pain. The clustering of Kv1.1/Kv1.2 channels at the axon initial segment and juxtaparanodes is based on interactions with cell adhesion molecules and cytoskeletal linkers. This review will focus on the trafficking and assembly of the axonal Kv1 complex in the peripheral and central nervous system (PNS and CNS), during development, and in health and disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:48:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-425fa9f6a57c4cc38a12ee02a762319f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:48:18Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-425fa9f6a57c4cc38a12ee02a762319f2023-11-21T02:22:26ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292020-12-01111810.3390/life11010008Assembly and Function of the Juxtaparanodal Kv1 Complex in Health and DiseaseDelphine Pinatel0Catherine Faivre-Sarrailh1Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée, INSERM UMR1249, Aix Marseille Université, F-13273 Marseille, FranceInstitut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée, INSERM UMR1249, Aix Marseille Université, F-13273 Marseille, FranceThe precise axonal distribution of specific potassium channels is known to secure the shape and frequency of action potentials in myelinated fibers. The low-threshold voltage-gated Kv1 channels located at the axon initial segment have a significant influence on spike initiation and waveform. Their role remains partially understood at the juxtaparanodes where they are trapped under the compact myelin bordering the nodes of Ranvier in physiological conditions. However, the exposure of Kv1 channels in de- or dys-myelinating neuropathy results in alteration of saltatory conduction. Moreover, cell adhesion molecules associated with the Kv1 complex, including Caspr2, Contactin2, and LGI1, are target antigens in autoimmune diseases associated with hyperexcitability such as encephalitis, neuromyotonia, or neuropathic pain. The clustering of Kv1.1/Kv1.2 channels at the axon initial segment and juxtaparanodes is based on interactions with cell adhesion molecules and cytoskeletal linkers. This review will focus on the trafficking and assembly of the axonal Kv1 complex in the peripheral and central nervous system (PNS and CNS), during development, and in health and disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/1/8myelinnode of ranvierJuxtaparanodeCaspr2Kv1 channelsaxonal transport |
| spellingShingle | Delphine Pinatel Catherine Faivre-Sarrailh Assembly and Function of the Juxtaparanodal Kv1 Complex in Health and Disease Life myelin node of ranvier Juxtaparanode Caspr2 Kv1 channels axonal transport |
| title | Assembly and Function of the Juxtaparanodal Kv1 Complex in Health and Disease |
| title_full | Assembly and Function of the Juxtaparanodal Kv1 Complex in Health and Disease |
| title_fullStr | Assembly and Function of the Juxtaparanodal Kv1 Complex in Health and Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assembly and Function of the Juxtaparanodal Kv1 Complex in Health and Disease |
| title_short | Assembly and Function of the Juxtaparanodal Kv1 Complex in Health and Disease |
| title_sort | assembly and function of the juxtaparanodal kv1 complex in health and disease |
| topic | myelin node of ranvier Juxtaparanode Caspr2 Kv1 channels axonal transport |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/1/8 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT delphinepinatel assemblyandfunctionofthejuxtaparanodalkv1complexinhealthanddisease AT catherinefaivresarrailh assemblyandfunctionofthejuxtaparanodalkv1complexinhealthanddisease |