Caesarean-section delivery and caries risk of 3-year-old Chinese children: a retrospective cohort study
Abstract Background Caesarean-section (C-section) may influence children’s long-term health by affecting bacterial colonization. However, few studies have focused on the association between C-section delivery (CSD) and dental caries, and previous conclusions have been conflicting. This study aimed t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Oral Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-02998-w |
| _version_ | 1797806498245509120 |
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| author | Xin Ge Xiaolin Lyu Zhifei Zhou Yang Mi Tongqiang He Buling Wu Fen Liu |
| author_facet | Xin Ge Xiaolin Lyu Zhifei Zhou Yang Mi Tongqiang He Buling Wu Fen Liu |
| author_sort | Xin Ge |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Caesarean-section (C-section) may influence children’s long-term health by affecting bacterial colonization. However, few studies have focused on the association between C-section delivery (CSD) and dental caries, and previous conclusions have been conflicting. This study aimed to explore whether CSD would increase the risk of early childhood caries (ECC) in preschool children in China. Methods This study was a retrospective cohort study. Three-year-old children with full primary dentition were included through the medical records system. Children in the nonexposure group were vaginally delivered (VD), while children in the exposure group were delivered through C-section. The outcome was the occurrence of ECC. After agreeing to participate in this study, guardians of included children completed a structured questionnaire on maternal sociodemographic factors, children’s oral hygiene and feeding habits. The chi-square test was used to determine differences in the prevalence and severity of ECC between the CSD and VD groups and to analyse the prevalence of ECC according to sample characteristics. Subsequently, potential risk factors for ECC were preliminarily identified through univariate analysis, and the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were further calculated through multiple logistic regression analysis after controlling for confounding factors. Results The VD group included 2115 participants while CSD group included 2996 participants. The prevalence of ECC was higher in CSD children than in VD children (27.6% vs. 20.9%, P < 0.05), and the severity of ECC in CSD children was higher (mean number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth, dmft: 2.1 vs. 1.7, P < 0.05). CSD was a risk factor for ECC in 3-year-old children (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.10–2.83). In addition, irregular tooth brushing and always prechewing children’s food were risk factors for ECC (P < 0.05). Low maternal educational attainment (high school or below) or socioeconomic status (SES-5) may also increase the prevalence of ECC in preschool children and CSD children (P < 0.05). Conclusions CSD would increase the risk of ECC in 3-year-old Chinese children. Paediatric dentists should devote more attention to the development of caries in CSD children. Obstetricians should also prevent excessive and unnecessary CSD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:08:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4269edffca4a4afb9f82d120b4734387 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6831 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T06:08:14Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Oral Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-4269edffca4a4afb9f82d120b47343872023-06-11T11:27:09ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312023-06-0123111310.1186/s12903-023-02998-wCaesarean-section delivery and caries risk of 3-year-old Chinese children: a retrospective cohort studyXin Ge0Xiaolin Lyu1Zhifei Zhou2Yang Mi3Tongqiang He4Buling Wu5Fen Liu6Department of Stomatology, Xi’an People’s Hospital (Xi’an Fourth Hospital), Northwest UniversityShenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical UniversityDepartment of Stomatology, General Hospital of Tibetan Military CommandDepartment of Obstetrics, Northwest Women’s and Children’s HospitalDepartment of Obstetrics, Northwest Women’s and Children’s HospitalShenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical UniversityShenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical UniversityAbstract Background Caesarean-section (C-section) may influence children’s long-term health by affecting bacterial colonization. However, few studies have focused on the association between C-section delivery (CSD) and dental caries, and previous conclusions have been conflicting. This study aimed to explore whether CSD would increase the risk of early childhood caries (ECC) in preschool children in China. Methods This study was a retrospective cohort study. Three-year-old children with full primary dentition were included through the medical records system. Children in the nonexposure group were vaginally delivered (VD), while children in the exposure group were delivered through C-section. The outcome was the occurrence of ECC. After agreeing to participate in this study, guardians of included children completed a structured questionnaire on maternal sociodemographic factors, children’s oral hygiene and feeding habits. The chi-square test was used to determine differences in the prevalence and severity of ECC between the CSD and VD groups and to analyse the prevalence of ECC according to sample characteristics. Subsequently, potential risk factors for ECC were preliminarily identified through univariate analysis, and the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were further calculated through multiple logistic regression analysis after controlling for confounding factors. Results The VD group included 2115 participants while CSD group included 2996 participants. The prevalence of ECC was higher in CSD children than in VD children (27.6% vs. 20.9%, P < 0.05), and the severity of ECC in CSD children was higher (mean number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth, dmft: 2.1 vs. 1.7, P < 0.05). CSD was a risk factor for ECC in 3-year-old children (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.10–2.83). In addition, irregular tooth brushing and always prechewing children’s food were risk factors for ECC (P < 0.05). Low maternal educational attainment (high school or below) or socioeconomic status (SES-5) may also increase the prevalence of ECC in preschool children and CSD children (P < 0.05). Conclusions CSD would increase the risk of ECC in 3-year-old Chinese children. Paediatric dentists should devote more attention to the development of caries in CSD children. Obstetricians should also prevent excessive and unnecessary CSD.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-02998-wEarly childhood cariesRetrospective cohort studyCaesarean-sectionPrimary dentitionRisk factorPreschool children |
| spellingShingle | Xin Ge Xiaolin Lyu Zhifei Zhou Yang Mi Tongqiang He Buling Wu Fen Liu Caesarean-section delivery and caries risk of 3-year-old Chinese children: a retrospective cohort study BMC Oral Health Early childhood caries Retrospective cohort study Caesarean-section Primary dentition Risk factor Preschool children |
| title | Caesarean-section delivery and caries risk of 3-year-old Chinese children: a retrospective cohort study |
| title_full | Caesarean-section delivery and caries risk of 3-year-old Chinese children: a retrospective cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Caesarean-section delivery and caries risk of 3-year-old Chinese children: a retrospective cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Caesarean-section delivery and caries risk of 3-year-old Chinese children: a retrospective cohort study |
| title_short | Caesarean-section delivery and caries risk of 3-year-old Chinese children: a retrospective cohort study |
| title_sort | caesarean section delivery and caries risk of 3 year old chinese children a retrospective cohort study |
| topic | Early childhood caries Retrospective cohort study Caesarean-section Primary dentition Risk factor Preschool children |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-02998-w |
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