Transcriptomic Analysis of the Response of Susceptible and Resistant Bitter Melon (<i>Momordica charantia</i> L.) to Powdery Mildew Infection Revealing Complex Resistance via Multiple Signaling Pathways
The challenge of mitigating the decline in both yield and fruit quality due to the intrusion of powdery mildew (PM) fungus looms as a pivotal concern in the domain of bitter melon cultivation. Yet, the intricate mechanisms that underlie resistance against this pathogen remain inscrutable for the vas...
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/18/14262 |
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| author | Xuanyu Chen Kaixi Zou Xuzhen Li Feifan Chen Yuyu Cheng Shanming Li Libo Tian Sang Shang |
| author_facet | Xuanyu Chen Kaixi Zou Xuzhen Li Feifan Chen Yuyu Cheng Shanming Li Libo Tian Sang Shang |
| author_sort | Xuanyu Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The challenge of mitigating the decline in both yield and fruit quality due to the intrusion of powdery mildew (PM) fungus looms as a pivotal concern in the domain of bitter melon cultivation. Yet, the intricate mechanisms that underlie resistance against this pathogen remain inscrutable for the vast majority of bitter melon variants. In this inquiry, we delve deeply into the intricate spectrum of physiological variations and transcriptomic fluctuations intrinsic to the PM-resistant strain identified as ‘04-17-4’ (R), drawing a sharp contrast with the PM-susceptible counterpart, designated as ‘25-15’ (S), throughout the encounter with the pathogenic agent <i>Podosphaera xanthii</i>. In the face of the challenge presented by <i>P. xanthii</i>, the robust cultivar displays an extraordinary capacity to prolong the initiation of the pathogen’s primary growth stage. The comprehensive exploration culminates in the discernment of 6635 and 6954 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in R and S strains, respectively. Clarification through the lens of enrichment analyses reveals a prevalence of enriched DEGs in pathways interconnected with phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, the interaction of plants with pathogens, and the signaling of plant hormones. Significantly, in the scope of the R variant, DEGs implicated in the pathways of plant-pathogen interaction phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, encompassing components such as calcium-binding proteins, calmodulin, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, conspicuously exhibit an escalated tendency upon the encounter with <i>P. xanthii</i> infection. Simultaneously, the genes governing the synthesis and transduction of SA undergo a marked surge in activation, while their counterparts in the JA signaling pathway experience inhibition following infection. These observations underscore the pivotal role played by SA/JA signaling cascades in choreographing the mechanism of resistance against <i>P. xanthii</i> in the R variant. Moreover, the recognition of 40 <i>P. xanthii</i>-inducible genes, encompassing elements such as pathogenesis-related proteins, calmodulin, WRKY transcription factors, and Downy mildew resistant 6, assumes pronounced significance as they emerge as pivotal contenders in the domain of disease control. The zenith of this study harmonizes multiple analytical paradigms, thus capturing latent molecular participants and yielding seminal resources crucial for the advancement of PM-resistant bitter melon cultivars. |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj.art-4287fac9ebab4ad29c09f5496cf8b3052023-11-19T11:10:10ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-09-0124181426210.3390/ijms241814262Transcriptomic Analysis of the Response of Susceptible and Resistant Bitter Melon (<i>Momordica charantia</i> L.) to Powdery Mildew Infection Revealing Complex Resistance via Multiple Signaling PathwaysXuanyu Chen0Kaixi Zou1Xuzhen Li2Feifan Chen3Yuyu Cheng4Shanming Li5Libo Tian6Sang Shang7Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, ChinaSanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, ChinaSanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, ChinaSanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, ChinaSanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, ChinaSanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, ChinaSanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, ChinaSanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, ChinaThe challenge of mitigating the decline in both yield and fruit quality due to the intrusion of powdery mildew (PM) fungus looms as a pivotal concern in the domain of bitter melon cultivation. Yet, the intricate mechanisms that underlie resistance against this pathogen remain inscrutable for the vast majority of bitter melon variants. In this inquiry, we delve deeply into the intricate spectrum of physiological variations and transcriptomic fluctuations intrinsic to the PM-resistant strain identified as ‘04-17-4’ (R), drawing a sharp contrast with the PM-susceptible counterpart, designated as ‘25-15’ (S), throughout the encounter with the pathogenic agent <i>Podosphaera xanthii</i>. In the face of the challenge presented by <i>P. xanthii</i>, the robust cultivar displays an extraordinary capacity to prolong the initiation of the pathogen’s primary growth stage. The comprehensive exploration culminates in the discernment of 6635 and 6954 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in R and S strains, respectively. Clarification through the lens of enrichment analyses reveals a prevalence of enriched DEGs in pathways interconnected with phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, the interaction of plants with pathogens, and the signaling of plant hormones. Significantly, in the scope of the R variant, DEGs implicated in the pathways of plant-pathogen interaction phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, encompassing components such as calcium-binding proteins, calmodulin, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, conspicuously exhibit an escalated tendency upon the encounter with <i>P. xanthii</i> infection. Simultaneously, the genes governing the synthesis and transduction of SA undergo a marked surge in activation, while their counterparts in the JA signaling pathway experience inhibition following infection. These observations underscore the pivotal role played by SA/JA signaling cascades in choreographing the mechanism of resistance against <i>P. xanthii</i> in the R variant. Moreover, the recognition of 40 <i>P. xanthii</i>-inducible genes, encompassing elements such as pathogenesis-related proteins, calmodulin, WRKY transcription factors, and Downy mildew resistant 6, assumes pronounced significance as they emerge as pivotal contenders in the domain of disease control. The zenith of this study harmonizes multiple analytical paradigms, thus capturing latent molecular participants and yielding seminal resources crucial for the advancement of PM-resistant bitter melon cultivars.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/18/14262<i>Momordica charantia</i> L.<i>Podosphaera xanthii</i>transcriptomeresistance gene |
| spellingShingle | Xuanyu Chen Kaixi Zou Xuzhen Li Feifan Chen Yuyu Cheng Shanming Li Libo Tian Sang Shang Transcriptomic Analysis of the Response of Susceptible and Resistant Bitter Melon (<i>Momordica charantia</i> L.) to Powdery Mildew Infection Revealing Complex Resistance via Multiple Signaling Pathways International Journal of Molecular Sciences <i>Momordica charantia</i> L. <i>Podosphaera xanthii</i> transcriptome resistance gene |
| title | Transcriptomic Analysis of the Response of Susceptible and Resistant Bitter Melon (<i>Momordica charantia</i> L.) to Powdery Mildew Infection Revealing Complex Resistance via Multiple Signaling Pathways |
| title_full | Transcriptomic Analysis of the Response of Susceptible and Resistant Bitter Melon (<i>Momordica charantia</i> L.) to Powdery Mildew Infection Revealing Complex Resistance via Multiple Signaling Pathways |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptomic Analysis of the Response of Susceptible and Resistant Bitter Melon (<i>Momordica charantia</i> L.) to Powdery Mildew Infection Revealing Complex Resistance via Multiple Signaling Pathways |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptomic Analysis of the Response of Susceptible and Resistant Bitter Melon (<i>Momordica charantia</i> L.) to Powdery Mildew Infection Revealing Complex Resistance via Multiple Signaling Pathways |
| title_short | Transcriptomic Analysis of the Response of Susceptible and Resistant Bitter Melon (<i>Momordica charantia</i> L.) to Powdery Mildew Infection Revealing Complex Resistance via Multiple Signaling Pathways |
| title_sort | transcriptomic analysis of the response of susceptible and resistant bitter melon i momordica charantia i l to powdery mildew infection revealing complex resistance via multiple signaling pathways |
| topic | <i>Momordica charantia</i> L. <i>Podosphaera xanthii</i> transcriptome resistance gene |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/18/14262 |
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