Observational Evidence of S-web Source of the Slow Solar Wind
From 2022 March 18 to 21, NOAA Active Region (AR) 12967 was tracked simultaneously by Solar Orbiter at 0.35 au and Hinode/EIS at Earth. During this period, strong blueshifted plasma upflows were observed along a thin, dark corridor of open magnetic field originating at the AR’s leading polarity and...
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| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acc653 |
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| author | D. Baker P. Démoulin S. L. Yardley T. Mihailescu L. van Driel-Gesztelyi R. D’Amicis D. M. Long A. S. H. To C. J. Owen T. S. Horbury D. H. Brooks D. Perrone R. J. French A. W. James M. Janvier S. Matthews M. Stangalini G. Valori P. Smith R. Aznar Cuadrado H. Peter U. Schuehle L. Harra K. Barczynski D. Berghmans A. N. Zhukov L. Rodriguez C. Verbeeck |
| author_facet | D. Baker P. Démoulin S. L. Yardley T. Mihailescu L. van Driel-Gesztelyi R. D’Amicis D. M. Long A. S. H. To C. J. Owen T. S. Horbury D. H. Brooks D. Perrone R. J. French A. W. James M. Janvier S. Matthews M. Stangalini G. Valori P. Smith R. Aznar Cuadrado H. Peter U. Schuehle L. Harra K. Barczynski D. Berghmans A. N. Zhukov L. Rodriguez C. Verbeeck |
| author_sort | D. Baker |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | From 2022 March 18 to 21, NOAA Active Region (AR) 12967 was tracked simultaneously by Solar Orbiter at 0.35 au and Hinode/EIS at Earth. During this period, strong blueshifted plasma upflows were observed along a thin, dark corridor of open magnetic field originating at the AR’s leading polarity and continuing toward the southern extension of the northern polar coronal hole. A potential field source surface model shows large lateral expansion of the open magnetic field along the corridor. Squashing factor Q -maps of the large-scale topology further confirm super-radial expansion in support of the S-web theory for the slow wind. The thin corridor of upflows is identified as the source region of a slow solar wind stream characterized by ∼300 km s ^−1 velocities, low proton temperatures of ∼5 eV, extremely high density >100 cm ^−3 , and a short interval of moderate Alfvénicity accompanied by switchback events. When the connectivity changes from the corridor to the eastern side of the AR, the in situ plasma parameters of the slow solar wind indicate a distinctly different source region. These observations provide strong evidence that the narrow open-field corridors, forming part of the S-web, produce some extreme properties in their associated solar wind streams. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T04:16:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4288567ecda44239925bf810c34de79f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T04:16:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-4288567ecda44239925bf810c34de79f2023-09-03T10:35:55ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572023-01-0195016510.3847/1538-4357/acc653Observational Evidence of S-web Source of the Slow Solar WindD. Baker0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0665-2355P. Démoulin1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8215-6532S. L. Yardley2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2802-4381T. Mihailescu3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8055-0472L. van Driel-Gesztelyi4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2943-5978R. D’Amicis5D. M. Long6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3137-0277A. S. H. To7https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0774-9084C. J. Owen8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5982-4667T. S. Horbury9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7572-4690D. H. Brooks10https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2189-9313D. Perrone11https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1059-4853R. J. French12https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9726-0738A. W. James13https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7927-9291M. Janvier14https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6203-5239S. Matthews15https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9346-8179M. Stangalini16https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5365-7546G. Valori17https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7809-0067P. Smith18R. Aznar Cuadrado19H. Peter20https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9921-0937U. Schuehle21L. Harra22https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9457-6200K. Barczynski23https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7090-6180D. Berghmans24A. N. Zhukov25https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2542-9810L. Rodriguez26C. Verbeeck27https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5022-4534University College London , Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UK ; deborah.baker@ucl.ac.ukLESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL , CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France; Laboratoire Cogitamus , rue Descartes, F-75005 Paris, FranceUniversity College London , Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UK ; deborah.baker@ucl.ac.uk; Department of Meteorology, University of Reading , Reading, UK; Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) , Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, E-20018 San Sebastián, SpainUniversity College London , Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UK ; deborah.baker@ucl.ac.ukUniversity College London , Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UK ; deborah.baker@ucl.ac.uk; LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL , CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France; Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences , Konkoly Thege út 15-17., H-1121, Budapest, HungaryNational Institute for Astrophysics, Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology , Rome, ItalyUniversity College London , Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UK ; deborah.baker@ucl.ac.uk; Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast , University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UKUniversity College London , Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UK ; deborah.baker@ucl.ac.ukUniversity College London , Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UK ; deborah.baker@ucl.ac.ukImperial College London , Blackett Laboratory, South Kensington, SW7 2AZ, UKCollege of Science, George Mason University , 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22030, USAASI—Italian Space Agency , Via del Politecnico, s.n.c I- 00133 Roma, ItaliaNational Solar Observatory , 3665 Innovation Drive, Boulder, CO 80303, USAUniversity College London , Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UK ; deborah.baker@ucl.ac.uk; European Space Agency (ESA) , European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n, E-28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainLaboratoire Cogitamus , rue Descartes, F-75005 Paris, France; Université Paris-Saclay , CNRS, Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, F-91405 Orsay, FranceUniversity College London , Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UK ; deborah.baker@ucl.ac.ukASI—Italian Space Agency , Via del Politecnico, s.n.c I- 00133 Roma, ItaliaMax Planck Institute for Solar System Research , Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, D-37077 Göttingen, GermanyUniversity College London , Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey, RH5 6NT, UK ; deborah.baker@ucl.ac.ukMax Planck Institute for Solar System Research , Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, D-37077 Göttingen, GermanyMax Planck Institute for Solar System Research , Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, D-37077 Göttingen, GermanyMax Planck Institute for Solar System Research , Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, D-37077 Göttingen, GermanyPMOD/WRC , Dorfstrasse 33 7260 Davos Dorf, Switzerland; ETH-Zürich, Hönggerberg campus , HIT building, Zürich, SwitzerlandPMOD/WRC , Dorfstrasse 33 7260 Davos Dorf, Switzerland; ETH-Zürich, Hönggerberg campus , HIT building, Zürich, SwitzerlandSolar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence—SIDC, Royal Observatory of Belgium , Ringlaan -3- Av. Circulaire, B-1180 Brussels, BelgiumSolar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence—SIDC, Royal Observatory of Belgium , Ringlaan -3- Av. Circulaire, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium; Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University , 119992 Moscow, RussiaSolar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence—SIDC, Royal Observatory of Belgium , Ringlaan -3- Av. Circulaire, B-1180 Brussels, BelgiumSolar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence—SIDC, Royal Observatory of Belgium , Ringlaan -3- Av. Circulaire, B-1180 Brussels, BelgiumFrom 2022 March 18 to 21, NOAA Active Region (AR) 12967 was tracked simultaneously by Solar Orbiter at 0.35 au and Hinode/EIS at Earth. During this period, strong blueshifted plasma upflows were observed along a thin, dark corridor of open magnetic field originating at the AR’s leading polarity and continuing toward the southern extension of the northern polar coronal hole. A potential field source surface model shows large lateral expansion of the open magnetic field along the corridor. Squashing factor Q -maps of the large-scale topology further confirm super-radial expansion in support of the S-web theory for the slow wind. The thin corridor of upflows is identified as the source region of a slow solar wind stream characterized by ∼300 km s ^−1 velocities, low proton temperatures of ∼5 eV, extremely high density >100 cm ^−3 , and a short interval of moderate Alfvénicity accompanied by switchback events. When the connectivity changes from the corridor to the eastern side of the AR, the in situ plasma parameters of the slow solar wind indicate a distinctly different source region. These observations provide strong evidence that the narrow open-field corridors, forming part of the S-web, produce some extreme properties in their associated solar wind streams.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acc653Slow solar wind |
| spellingShingle | D. Baker P. Démoulin S. L. Yardley T. Mihailescu L. van Driel-Gesztelyi R. D’Amicis D. M. Long A. S. H. To C. J. Owen T. S. Horbury D. H. Brooks D. Perrone R. J. French A. W. James M. Janvier S. Matthews M. Stangalini G. Valori P. Smith R. Aznar Cuadrado H. Peter U. Schuehle L. Harra K. Barczynski D. Berghmans A. N. Zhukov L. Rodriguez C. Verbeeck Observational Evidence of S-web Source of the Slow Solar Wind The Astrophysical Journal Slow solar wind |
| title | Observational Evidence of S-web Source of the Slow Solar Wind |
| title_full | Observational Evidence of S-web Source of the Slow Solar Wind |
| title_fullStr | Observational Evidence of S-web Source of the Slow Solar Wind |
| title_full_unstemmed | Observational Evidence of S-web Source of the Slow Solar Wind |
| title_short | Observational Evidence of S-web Source of the Slow Solar Wind |
| title_sort | observational evidence of s web source of the slow solar wind |
| topic | Slow solar wind |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acc653 |
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