T Lymphocyte-Endothelial Interactions: Emerging Understanding of Trafficking and Antigen-Specific Immunity
Antigen-specific immunity requires regulated trafficking of T cells in and out of diverse tissues in order to orchestrate lymphocyte development, immune surveillance, responses and memory. The endothelium serves as a unique barrier, as well as a sentinel, between the blood and the tissues and as suc...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2015-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00603/full |
| _version_ | 1828768214730932224 |
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| author | Christopher Vincent Carman Roberta eMartinelli |
| author_facet | Christopher Vincent Carman Roberta eMartinelli |
| author_sort | Christopher Vincent Carman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antigen-specific immunity requires regulated trafficking of T cells in and out of diverse tissues in order to orchestrate lymphocyte development, immune surveillance, responses and memory. The endothelium serves as a unique barrier, as well as a sentinel, between the blood and the tissues and as such it plays an essential locally tuned role in regulating T cell migration and information exchange. While it is well established that chemoattractants and adhesion molecules are major determinants of T cell trafficking, emerging studies have now enumerated a large number of molecular players as well as a range of discrete cellular remodeling activities (e.g. transmigratory cups and invadosome-like protrusions, IPLs) that participate in directed migration and pathfinding by T cells. In addition to providing trafficking cues, intimate cell-cell interaction between lymphocytes and endothelial cells provide instruction to T cells that influence their activation and differentiation states. Perhaps the most intriguing and underappreciated of these ‘sentinel’ roles is the ability of the endothelium to act as a non-hematopoietic ‘semi-professional’ antigen-presenting cell. Close contacts between circulating T cells and antigen-presenting endothelium may play unique non-redundant roles in shaping adaptive immune responses within the periphery. A better understanding of the mechanisms directing T cell trafficking and the antigen-presenting role of the endothelium may not only increase our knowledge of the adaptive immune response but also empower the utility of emerging immunomodulatory therapeutics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T07:41:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4297fe826f3949a4a2ebcc86936417be |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T07:41:42Z |
| publishDate | 2015-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4297fe826f3949a4a2ebcc86936417be2022-12-22T01:15:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242015-11-01610.3389/fimmu.2015.00603146916T Lymphocyte-Endothelial Interactions: Emerging Understanding of Trafficking and Antigen-Specific ImmunityChristopher Vincent Carman0Roberta eMartinelli1Center For Vascular Biology ResearchHarvard Medical School, BIDMCAntigen-specific immunity requires regulated trafficking of T cells in and out of diverse tissues in order to orchestrate lymphocyte development, immune surveillance, responses and memory. The endothelium serves as a unique barrier, as well as a sentinel, between the blood and the tissues and as such it plays an essential locally tuned role in regulating T cell migration and information exchange. While it is well established that chemoattractants and adhesion molecules are major determinants of T cell trafficking, emerging studies have now enumerated a large number of molecular players as well as a range of discrete cellular remodeling activities (e.g. transmigratory cups and invadosome-like protrusions, IPLs) that participate in directed migration and pathfinding by T cells. In addition to providing trafficking cues, intimate cell-cell interaction between lymphocytes and endothelial cells provide instruction to T cells that influence their activation and differentiation states. Perhaps the most intriguing and underappreciated of these ‘sentinel’ roles is the ability of the endothelium to act as a non-hematopoietic ‘semi-professional’ antigen-presenting cell. Close contacts between circulating T cells and antigen-presenting endothelium may play unique non-redundant roles in shaping adaptive immune responses within the periphery. A better understanding of the mechanisms directing T cell trafficking and the antigen-presenting role of the endothelium may not only increase our knowledge of the adaptive immune response but also empower the utility of emerging immunomodulatory therapeutics.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00603/fullAdaptive ImmunityAntigen PresentationEndotheliumLymphocytesMigrationtrafficking |
| spellingShingle | Christopher Vincent Carman Roberta eMartinelli T Lymphocyte-Endothelial Interactions: Emerging Understanding of Trafficking and Antigen-Specific Immunity Frontiers in Immunology Adaptive Immunity Antigen Presentation Endothelium Lymphocytes Migration trafficking |
| title | T Lymphocyte-Endothelial Interactions: Emerging Understanding of Trafficking and Antigen-Specific Immunity |
| title_full | T Lymphocyte-Endothelial Interactions: Emerging Understanding of Trafficking and Antigen-Specific Immunity |
| title_fullStr | T Lymphocyte-Endothelial Interactions: Emerging Understanding of Trafficking and Antigen-Specific Immunity |
| title_full_unstemmed | T Lymphocyte-Endothelial Interactions: Emerging Understanding of Trafficking and Antigen-Specific Immunity |
| title_short | T Lymphocyte-Endothelial Interactions: Emerging Understanding of Trafficking and Antigen-Specific Immunity |
| title_sort | t lymphocyte endothelial interactions emerging understanding of trafficking and antigen specific immunity |
| topic | Adaptive Immunity Antigen Presentation Endothelium Lymphocytes Migration trafficking |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00603/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT christophervincentcarman tlymphocyteendothelialinteractionsemergingunderstandingoftraffickingandantigenspecificimmunity AT robertaemartinelli tlymphocyteendothelialinteractionsemergingunderstandingoftraffickingandantigenspecificimmunity |