Complete mitochondrial genomes of Anopheles stephensi and An. dirus and comparative evolutionary mitochondriomics of 50 mosquitoes
Abstract To better understand the phylogeny and evolution of mosquitoes, the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Anopheles stephensi and An. dirus were sequenced and annotated, and a total of 50 mosquito mitogenomes were comparatively analyzed. The complete mitogenome of An. stephensi and...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2017-08-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07977-0 |
| _version_ | 1818405503042060288 |
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| author | You-Jin Hao Yi-Lin Zou Yi-Ran Ding Wen-Yue Xu Zhen-Tian Yan Xu-Dong Li Wen-Bo Fu Ting-Jing Li Bin Chen |
| author_facet | You-Jin Hao Yi-Lin Zou Yi-Ran Ding Wen-Yue Xu Zhen-Tian Yan Xu-Dong Li Wen-Bo Fu Ting-Jing Li Bin Chen |
| author_sort | You-Jin Hao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract To better understand the phylogeny and evolution of mosquitoes, the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Anopheles stephensi and An. dirus were sequenced and annotated, and a total of 50 mosquito mitogenomes were comparatively analyzed. The complete mitogenome of An. stephensi and An. dirus is 1,5371 bp and 1,5406 bp long, respectively. The main features of the 50 mosquito mitogenomes are conservative: 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, positive AT-skew and negative GC-skew. The gene order trnA-trnR in ancestral insects is rearranged. All tRNA genes have the typical clover leaf secondary structure but tRNA Ser . The control regions are highly variable in size. PCGs show signals of purifying selection, but evidence for positive selection in ND2, ND4 and ND6 is found. Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analyses based on all PCG nucleotides produce an identical tree topology and strongly support the monophyly of subgenera Cellia, Anopheles, Keterszia and Nyssorhynchus, the sister relationship of the subgenera Nyssorhynchus and Keterszia, and Cellia and Anopheles. The most recent ancestor of the genus Anopheles and Culicini + Aedini exited ~145 Mya ago. This is the first comprehensive study of mosquito mitogenomes, which are effective for mosquito phylogeny at various taxonomic levels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T08:57:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-429b94c7a33047a3b75fb48cda19917e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T08:57:05Z |
| publishDate | 2017-08-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-429b94c7a33047a3b75fb48cda19917e2022-12-21T23:08:54ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222017-08-017111310.1038/s41598-017-07977-0Complete mitochondrial genomes of Anopheles stephensi and An. dirus and comparative evolutionary mitochondriomics of 50 mosquitoesYou-Jin Hao0Yi-Lin Zou1Yi-Ran Ding2Wen-Yue Xu3Zhen-Tian Yan4Xu-Dong Li5Wen-Bo Fu6Ting-Jing Li7Bin Chen8Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal UniversityThe Department of Pathogenic Biology, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects; Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal UniversityAbstract To better understand the phylogeny and evolution of mosquitoes, the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Anopheles stephensi and An. dirus were sequenced and annotated, and a total of 50 mosquito mitogenomes were comparatively analyzed. The complete mitogenome of An. stephensi and An. dirus is 1,5371 bp and 1,5406 bp long, respectively. The main features of the 50 mosquito mitogenomes are conservative: 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, positive AT-skew and negative GC-skew. The gene order trnA-trnR in ancestral insects is rearranged. All tRNA genes have the typical clover leaf secondary structure but tRNA Ser . The control regions are highly variable in size. PCGs show signals of purifying selection, but evidence for positive selection in ND2, ND4 and ND6 is found. Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analyses based on all PCG nucleotides produce an identical tree topology and strongly support the monophyly of subgenera Cellia, Anopheles, Keterszia and Nyssorhynchus, the sister relationship of the subgenera Nyssorhynchus and Keterszia, and Cellia and Anopheles. The most recent ancestor of the genus Anopheles and Culicini + Aedini exited ~145 Mya ago. This is the first comprehensive study of mosquito mitogenomes, which are effective for mosquito phylogeny at various taxonomic levels.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07977-0 |
| spellingShingle | You-Jin Hao Yi-Lin Zou Yi-Ran Ding Wen-Yue Xu Zhen-Tian Yan Xu-Dong Li Wen-Bo Fu Ting-Jing Li Bin Chen Complete mitochondrial genomes of Anopheles stephensi and An. dirus and comparative evolutionary mitochondriomics of 50 mosquitoes Scientific Reports |
| title | Complete mitochondrial genomes of Anopheles stephensi and An. dirus and comparative evolutionary mitochondriomics of 50 mosquitoes |
| title_full | Complete mitochondrial genomes of Anopheles stephensi and An. dirus and comparative evolutionary mitochondriomics of 50 mosquitoes |
| title_fullStr | Complete mitochondrial genomes of Anopheles stephensi and An. dirus and comparative evolutionary mitochondriomics of 50 mosquitoes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Complete mitochondrial genomes of Anopheles stephensi and An. dirus and comparative evolutionary mitochondriomics of 50 mosquitoes |
| title_short | Complete mitochondrial genomes of Anopheles stephensi and An. dirus and comparative evolutionary mitochondriomics of 50 mosquitoes |
| title_sort | complete mitochondrial genomes of anopheles stephensi and an dirus and comparative evolutionary mitochondriomics of 50 mosquitoes |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07977-0 |
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