The effect of cortisol on equine monocyte–derived dendritic cell phenotype and cytokine production
Abstract Background Increased risk of infection in neonates, including foals, is associated with the naivety of the immune system and the immaturity of the endocrine system. Foal dendritic cells (DCs) are phenotypically and functionally less mature than adult horse DCs. Exposure of foal DCs to foal...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Medicine and Science |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1333 |
| _version_ | 1797263320445616128 |
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| author | Brina S. Lopez David J. Hurley Shyla Giancola Steeve Giguère Kelsey A. Hart |
| author_facet | Brina S. Lopez David J. Hurley Shyla Giancola Steeve Giguère Kelsey A. Hart |
| author_sort | Brina S. Lopez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Increased risk of infection in neonates, including foals, is associated with the naivety of the immune system and the immaturity of the endocrine system. Foal dendritic cells (DCs) are phenotypically and functionally less mature than adult horse DCs. Exposure of foal DCs to foal plasma alters DC phenotypic maturation, cytokine secretion and bacterial endocytosis. Specific plasma factors that impact equine DC activity are unknown. Endocrine dysfunction, resulting in altered cortisol availability, is common in foals. Cortisol impacts DC maturation and function in other species, but the effect of cortisol on equine DCs is not described. We hypothesized that exposure to cortisol would impact both the phenotype and function of equine monocyte–derived DCs (MoDCs), perpetuating an immature phenotype and altered cytokine profile. Methods MoDCs were generated from foals (n = 8) on 1, 7 and 30 days of age and adult horses (n = 9). MoDCs were exposed to killed bacteria in the presence or absence of cortisol. The expression of surface markers (MHC class‐II, CD86 and CD14) was measured by flow cytometry. Supernatant cytokine concentrations (IL‐4, IL‐17, IFN‐γ and IL‐10) were quantified using a validated bead‐based immunoassay. Results Cortisol exposure reduced the percentage of equine MoDCs expressing MHC class‐II and CD86 (p ≤ 0.03). Adult horse MoDCs exposed to bacteria and cortisol produced less IL‐4, IL‐17, IFN‐γ and IL‐10 than cells not treated with cortisol, and foal MoDCs secreted less IL‐10 and IL‐4 (p ≤ 0.009). Conclusions In sum, cortisol exposure perpetuates an immature MoDC phenotype and alters cytokine responses, which might impact the foal's susceptibility to infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:11:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-42c1645dfa534f5db119a1df4085db5a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2053-1095 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:11:08Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Medicine and Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-42c1645dfa534f5db119a1df4085db5a2024-03-13T13:16:35ZengWileyVeterinary Medicine and Science2053-10952024-03-01102n/an/a10.1002/vms3.1333The effect of cortisol on equine monocyte–derived dendritic cell phenotype and cytokine productionBrina S. Lopez0David J. Hurley1Shyla Giancola2Steeve Giguère3Kelsey A. Hart4Department of Large Animal Medicine University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine Athens Georgia USADepartment of Population Health University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine Athens Georgia USADepartment of Large Animal Medicine University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine Athens Georgia USADepartment of Large Animal Medicine University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine Athens Georgia USADepartment of Large Animal Medicine University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine Athens Georgia USAAbstract Background Increased risk of infection in neonates, including foals, is associated with the naivety of the immune system and the immaturity of the endocrine system. Foal dendritic cells (DCs) are phenotypically and functionally less mature than adult horse DCs. Exposure of foal DCs to foal plasma alters DC phenotypic maturation, cytokine secretion and bacterial endocytosis. Specific plasma factors that impact equine DC activity are unknown. Endocrine dysfunction, resulting in altered cortisol availability, is common in foals. Cortisol impacts DC maturation and function in other species, but the effect of cortisol on equine DCs is not described. We hypothesized that exposure to cortisol would impact both the phenotype and function of equine monocyte–derived DCs (MoDCs), perpetuating an immature phenotype and altered cytokine profile. Methods MoDCs were generated from foals (n = 8) on 1, 7 and 30 days of age and adult horses (n = 9). MoDCs were exposed to killed bacteria in the presence or absence of cortisol. The expression of surface markers (MHC class‐II, CD86 and CD14) was measured by flow cytometry. Supernatant cytokine concentrations (IL‐4, IL‐17, IFN‐γ and IL‐10) were quantified using a validated bead‐based immunoassay. Results Cortisol exposure reduced the percentage of equine MoDCs expressing MHC class‐II and CD86 (p ≤ 0.03). Adult horse MoDCs exposed to bacteria and cortisol produced less IL‐4, IL‐17, IFN‐γ and IL‐10 than cells not treated with cortisol, and foal MoDCs secreted less IL‐10 and IL‐4 (p ≤ 0.009). Conclusions In sum, cortisol exposure perpetuates an immature MoDC phenotype and alters cytokine responses, which might impact the foal's susceptibility to infection.https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1333dendritic cellequinefoalneonatesepsis |
| spellingShingle | Brina S. Lopez David J. Hurley Shyla Giancola Steeve Giguère Kelsey A. Hart The effect of cortisol on equine monocyte–derived dendritic cell phenotype and cytokine production Veterinary Medicine and Science dendritic cell equine foal neonate sepsis |
| title | The effect of cortisol on equine monocyte–derived dendritic cell phenotype and cytokine production |
| title_full | The effect of cortisol on equine monocyte–derived dendritic cell phenotype and cytokine production |
| title_fullStr | The effect of cortisol on equine monocyte–derived dendritic cell phenotype and cytokine production |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of cortisol on equine monocyte–derived dendritic cell phenotype and cytokine production |
| title_short | The effect of cortisol on equine monocyte–derived dendritic cell phenotype and cytokine production |
| title_sort | effect of cortisol on equine monocyte derived dendritic cell phenotype and cytokine production |
| topic | dendritic cell equine foal neonate sepsis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1333 |
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