Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin in Neonates
Gentamicin is a bactericidal aminoglycoside antibiotic, it inhibits the protein synthesis. Gentamicin is active against the majority of aerobic gram-negative bacilli such as Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Escherichia coli. The gentamicin doses are 3 mg/kg once-daily for preterm newborns < 35 weeks o...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2017-03-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Pediatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8365_44a262c6a0e188d2e410cf0c8eaf2505.pdf |
| _version_ | 1798034103151362048 |
|---|---|
| author | Gian Maria Pacifici Gian Maria Pacifici |
| author_facet | Gian Maria Pacifici Gian Maria Pacifici |
| author_sort | Gian Maria Pacifici |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gentamicin is a bactericidal aminoglycoside antibiotic, it inhibits the protein synthesis. Gentamicin is active against the majority of aerobic gram-negative bacilli such as Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Escherichia coli. The gentamicin doses are 3 mg/kg once-daily for preterm newborns < 35 weeks of gestation and 4 mg/kg once-daily for newborns > 35 weeks of gestation. The monitoring of gentamicin serum concentration is recommended when infants are treated for 48 hours or more. The gentamicin peak concentration must be at least 8 times the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to be bactericidal and the gentamicin trough concentration must be < 2 µg/ml to avoid ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.Once-daily dosing of gentamicin (4 mg/kg), is preferred than twice-daily dose of 2.5 mg/kg gentamicin. A gentamicin loading dose (4 mg/kg), followed by once-daily dosing of 2.5 mg/kg yields safe and target range in neonates. An extended dosing interval of 48-hour (5 mg/kg gentamicin), was compared with twice-daily dose of 2.5 mg/kg gentamicin. Infants in the 48-hour interval and in the twice-daily achieved peak gentamicin concentrations of 9.43 µg/ml and 6.0 µg/ml, respectively, (p |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:39:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-42c5eafcdab3418993ad702e0b8190cb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2345-5047 2345-5055 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:39:44Z |
| publishDate | 2017-03-01 |
| publisher | Mashhad University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-42c5eafcdab3418993ad702e0b8190cb2022-12-22T04:04:14ZengMashhad University of Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Pediatrics2345-50472345-50552017-03-01534575459910.22038/ijp.2017.22354.18698365Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin in NeonatesGian Maria Pacifici0Gian Maria Pacifici1via San Andrea 32, 56127 Pisa, Italy.via San Andrea 32, 56127 Pisa, Italy.Gentamicin is a bactericidal aminoglycoside antibiotic, it inhibits the protein synthesis. Gentamicin is active against the majority of aerobic gram-negative bacilli such as Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Escherichia coli. The gentamicin doses are 3 mg/kg once-daily for preterm newborns < 35 weeks of gestation and 4 mg/kg once-daily for newborns > 35 weeks of gestation. The monitoring of gentamicin serum concentration is recommended when infants are treated for 48 hours or more. The gentamicin peak concentration must be at least 8 times the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to be bactericidal and the gentamicin trough concentration must be < 2 µg/ml to avoid ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.Once-daily dosing of gentamicin (4 mg/kg), is preferred than twice-daily dose of 2.5 mg/kg gentamicin. A gentamicin loading dose (4 mg/kg), followed by once-daily dosing of 2.5 mg/kg yields safe and target range in neonates. An extended dosing interval of 48-hour (5 mg/kg gentamicin), was compared with twice-daily dose of 2.5 mg/kg gentamicin. Infants in the 48-hour interval and in the twice-daily achieved peak gentamicin concentrations of 9.43 µg/ml and 6.0 µg/ml, respectively, (phttp://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8365_44a262c6a0e188d2e410cf0c8eaf2505.pdfEffectsGentamicinNeonatesPharmacokineticsResistanceToxicity |
| spellingShingle | Gian Maria Pacifici Gian Maria Pacifici Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin in Neonates International Journal of Pediatrics Effects Gentamicin Neonates Pharmacokinetics Resistance Toxicity |
| title | Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin in Neonates |
| title_full | Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin in Neonates |
| title_fullStr | Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin in Neonates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin in Neonates |
| title_short | Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin in Neonates |
| title_sort | clinical pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in neonates |
| topic | Effects Gentamicin Neonates Pharmacokinetics Resistance Toxicity |
| url | http://ijp.mums.ac.ir/article_8365_44a262c6a0e188d2e410cf0c8eaf2505.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gianmariapacifici clinicalpharmacokineticsofgentamicininneonates AT gianmariapacifici clinicalpharmacokineticsofgentamicininneonates |