Inhibitory Effect of Styrylpyrone Extract of <i>Phellinus linteus</i> on Hepatic Steatosis in HepG2 Cells
The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is estimated to be approximately about 25.24% of the population worldwide. NAFLD is a complex syndrome and is characterized by a simple benign hepatocyte steatosis to more severe steatohepatitis in the liver pathology. <i>Phellinus lin...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3672 |
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| author | Chun-Hung Chiu Ming-Yao Chen Jun-Jie Lieu Chin-Chu Chen Chun-Chao Chang Charng-Cherng Chyau Robert Y. Peng |
| author_facet | Chun-Hung Chiu Ming-Yao Chen Jun-Jie Lieu Chin-Chu Chen Chun-Chao Chang Charng-Cherng Chyau Robert Y. Peng |
| author_sort | Chun-Hung Chiu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is estimated to be approximately about 25.24% of the population worldwide. NAFLD is a complex syndrome and is characterized by a simple benign hepatocyte steatosis to more severe steatohepatitis in the liver pathology. <i>Phellinus linteus</i> (PL) is traditionally used as a hepatoprotective supplement. Styrylpyrone-enriched extract (SPEE) obtained from the PL mycelia has been shown to have potential inhibition effects on high-fat- and high-fructose-diet-induced NAFLD. In the continuous study, we aimed to explore the inhibitory effects of SPEE on free fatty acid mixture O/P [oleic acid (OA): palmitic acid (PA); 2:1, molar ratio]-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Results showed that SPEE presented the highest free radical scavenging ability on DPPH and ABTS, and reducing power on ferric ions, better than that of partitions obtained from n-hexane, n-butanol and distilled water. In free-fatty-acid-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells, SPEE showed an inhibition effect on O/P-induced lipid accumulation of 27% at a dosage of 500 μg/mL. As compared to the O/P induction group, the antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase were enhanced by 73%, 67% and 35%, respectively, in the SPEE group. In addition, the inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) were significantly down-regulated by the SPEE treatment. The expressions of anti-adipogenic genes involved in hepatic lipid metabolism of 5’ adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (<i>AMPK</i>), sirtuin 1 (<i>SIRT1</i>) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (<i>PGC-1α</i>) were enhanced in the SPEE supplemented HepG2 cells. In the protein expression study, p-AMPK, SIRT1 and PGC1-α were significantly increased to 121, 72 and 62%, respectively, after the treatment of SPEE. Conclusively, the styrylpyrone-enriched extract SPEE can ameliorate lipid accumulation and decrease inflammation and oxidative stress through the activation of SIRT1/AMPK/PGC1-α pathways. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:42:47Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-42e3fb82526d402e9805749e86ac41352023-11-16T21:03:31ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-02-01244367210.3390/ijms24043672Inhibitory Effect of Styrylpyrone Extract of <i>Phellinus linteus</i> on Hepatic Steatosis in HepG2 CellsChun-Hung Chiu0Ming-Yao Chen1Jun-Jie Lieu2Chin-Chu Chen3Chun-Chao Chang4Charng-Cherng Chyau5Robert Y. Peng6Research Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Shalu District, Taichung City 43302, TaiwanDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanResearch Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Shalu District, Taichung City 43302, TaiwanGrape King Biotechnology Center, Longtan District, Taoyuan 325002, TaiwanDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, TaiwanResearch Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Shalu District, Taichung City 43302, TaiwanResearch Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Shalu District, Taichung City 43302, TaiwanThe prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is estimated to be approximately about 25.24% of the population worldwide. NAFLD is a complex syndrome and is characterized by a simple benign hepatocyte steatosis to more severe steatohepatitis in the liver pathology. <i>Phellinus linteus</i> (PL) is traditionally used as a hepatoprotective supplement. Styrylpyrone-enriched extract (SPEE) obtained from the PL mycelia has been shown to have potential inhibition effects on high-fat- and high-fructose-diet-induced NAFLD. In the continuous study, we aimed to explore the inhibitory effects of SPEE on free fatty acid mixture O/P [oleic acid (OA): palmitic acid (PA); 2:1, molar ratio]-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Results showed that SPEE presented the highest free radical scavenging ability on DPPH and ABTS, and reducing power on ferric ions, better than that of partitions obtained from n-hexane, n-butanol and distilled water. In free-fatty-acid-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells, SPEE showed an inhibition effect on O/P-induced lipid accumulation of 27% at a dosage of 500 μg/mL. As compared to the O/P induction group, the antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase were enhanced by 73%, 67% and 35%, respectively, in the SPEE group. In addition, the inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) were significantly down-regulated by the SPEE treatment. The expressions of anti-adipogenic genes involved in hepatic lipid metabolism of 5’ adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (<i>AMPK</i>), sirtuin 1 (<i>SIRT1</i>) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (<i>PGC-1α</i>) were enhanced in the SPEE supplemented HepG2 cells. In the protein expression study, p-AMPK, SIRT1 and PGC1-α were significantly increased to 121, 72 and 62%, respectively, after the treatment of SPEE. Conclusively, the styrylpyrone-enriched extract SPEE can ameliorate lipid accumulation and decrease inflammation and oxidative stress through the activation of SIRT1/AMPK/PGC1-α pathways.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3672NAFLD<i>Phellinus linteus</i>hepatic steatosisHepG2 cellsoil droplet accumulationSIRT1/AMPK/PGC1-α pathway |
| spellingShingle | Chun-Hung Chiu Ming-Yao Chen Jun-Jie Lieu Chin-Chu Chen Chun-Chao Chang Charng-Cherng Chyau Robert Y. Peng Inhibitory Effect of Styrylpyrone Extract of <i>Phellinus linteus</i> on Hepatic Steatosis in HepG2 Cells International Journal of Molecular Sciences NAFLD <i>Phellinus linteus</i> hepatic steatosis HepG2 cells oil droplet accumulation SIRT1/AMPK/PGC1-α pathway |
| title | Inhibitory Effect of Styrylpyrone Extract of <i>Phellinus linteus</i> on Hepatic Steatosis in HepG2 Cells |
| title_full | Inhibitory Effect of Styrylpyrone Extract of <i>Phellinus linteus</i> on Hepatic Steatosis in HepG2 Cells |
| title_fullStr | Inhibitory Effect of Styrylpyrone Extract of <i>Phellinus linteus</i> on Hepatic Steatosis in HepG2 Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inhibitory Effect of Styrylpyrone Extract of <i>Phellinus linteus</i> on Hepatic Steatosis in HepG2 Cells |
| title_short | Inhibitory Effect of Styrylpyrone Extract of <i>Phellinus linteus</i> on Hepatic Steatosis in HepG2 Cells |
| title_sort | inhibitory effect of styrylpyrone extract of i phellinus linteus i on hepatic steatosis in hepg2 cells |
| topic | NAFLD <i>Phellinus linteus</i> hepatic steatosis HepG2 cells oil droplet accumulation SIRT1/AMPK/PGC1-α pathway |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3672 |
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