Supraphysiological Oxygen Levels in Mammalian Cell Culture: Current State and Future Perspectives
Most conventional incubators used in cell culture do not regulate O<sub>2</sub> levels, making the headspace O<sub>2</sub> concentration ~18%. In contrast, most human tissues are exposed to 2–6% O<sub>2</sub> (physioxia) in vivo. Accumulating evidence has shown th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/19/3123 |
| _version_ | 1797479916472631296 |
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| author | Ricardo Alva Georgina L. Gardner Ping Liang Jeffrey A. Stuart |
| author_facet | Ricardo Alva Georgina L. Gardner Ping Liang Jeffrey A. Stuart |
| author_sort | Ricardo Alva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Most conventional incubators used in cell culture do not regulate O<sub>2</sub> levels, making the headspace O<sub>2</sub> concentration ~18%. In contrast, most human tissues are exposed to 2–6% O<sub>2</sub> (physioxia) in vivo. Accumulating evidence has shown that such hyperoxic conditions in standard cell culture practices affect a variety of biological processes. In this review, we discuss how supraphysiological O<sub>2</sub> levels affect reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and redox homeostasis, gene expression, replicative lifespan, cellular respiration, and mitochondrial dynamics. Furthermore, we present evidence demonstrating how hyperoxic cell culture conditions fail to recapitulate the physiological and pathological behavior of tissues in vivo, including cases of how O<sub>2</sub> alters the cellular response to drugs, hormones, and toxicants. We conclude that maintaining physioxia in cell culture is imperative in order to better replicate in vivo-like tissue physiology and pathology, and to avoid artifacts in research involving cell culture. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:52:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-42e87ef11ddc41a8876b060224af0939 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:52:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-42e87ef11ddc41a8876b060224af09392023-11-23T20:03:11ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092022-10-011119312310.3390/cells11193123Supraphysiological Oxygen Levels in Mammalian Cell Culture: Current State and Future PerspectivesRicardo Alva0Georgina L. Gardner1Ping Liang2Jeffrey A. Stuart3Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, CanadaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, CanadaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, CanadaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, CanadaMost conventional incubators used in cell culture do not regulate O<sub>2</sub> levels, making the headspace O<sub>2</sub> concentration ~18%. In contrast, most human tissues are exposed to 2–6% O<sub>2</sub> (physioxia) in vivo. Accumulating evidence has shown that such hyperoxic conditions in standard cell culture practices affect a variety of biological processes. In this review, we discuss how supraphysiological O<sub>2</sub> levels affect reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and redox homeostasis, gene expression, replicative lifespan, cellular respiration, and mitochondrial dynamics. Furthermore, we present evidence demonstrating how hyperoxic cell culture conditions fail to recapitulate the physiological and pathological behavior of tissues in vivo, including cases of how O<sub>2</sub> alters the cellular response to drugs, hormones, and toxicants. We conclude that maintaining physioxia in cell culture is imperative in order to better replicate in vivo-like tissue physiology and pathology, and to avoid artifacts in research involving cell culture.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/19/3123oxygenphysioxiahyperoxiaROSoxidative stressgene expression |
| spellingShingle | Ricardo Alva Georgina L. Gardner Ping Liang Jeffrey A. Stuart Supraphysiological Oxygen Levels in Mammalian Cell Culture: Current State and Future Perspectives Cells oxygen physioxia hyperoxia ROS oxidative stress gene expression |
| title | Supraphysiological Oxygen Levels in Mammalian Cell Culture: Current State and Future Perspectives |
| title_full | Supraphysiological Oxygen Levels in Mammalian Cell Culture: Current State and Future Perspectives |
| title_fullStr | Supraphysiological Oxygen Levels in Mammalian Cell Culture: Current State and Future Perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Supraphysiological Oxygen Levels in Mammalian Cell Culture: Current State and Future Perspectives |
| title_short | Supraphysiological Oxygen Levels in Mammalian Cell Culture: Current State and Future Perspectives |
| title_sort | supraphysiological oxygen levels in mammalian cell culture current state and future perspectives |
| topic | oxygen physioxia hyperoxia ROS oxidative stress gene expression |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/19/3123 |
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