Monitoring Stimulated Darkening from UV-C Light on Different Bean Genotypes by NMR Spectroscopy
The use of UV-C cool white light on bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) seeds significantly increases the biochemical seed coat post-harvest darkening process, whilst preserving seed germination. The aim of this work consists in monitoring the effect caused by the incidence of UV-C light...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/7/2060 |
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| author | Marília Vilela Salvador Flávio Vinícius Crizóstomo Kock Isabella Laporte Santos Jean Fausto Carvalho Paulino Caléo Panhoca de Almeida Rodrigo Henrique dos Santos Garcia Luciana Lasry Benchimol-Reis Luiz Alberto Colnago Antonio Gilberto Ferreira |
| author_facet | Marília Vilela Salvador Flávio Vinícius Crizóstomo Kock Isabella Laporte Santos Jean Fausto Carvalho Paulino Caléo Panhoca de Almeida Rodrigo Henrique dos Santos Garcia Luciana Lasry Benchimol-Reis Luiz Alberto Colnago Antonio Gilberto Ferreira |
| author_sort | Marília Vilela Salvador |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The use of UV-C cool white light on bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) seeds significantly increases the biochemical seed coat post-harvest darkening process, whilst preserving seed germination. The aim of this work consists in monitoring the effect caused by the incidence of UV-C light on different bean genotypes using NMR spectroscopy. The genotype samples named IAC Alvorada; TAA Dama; BRS Estilo and BRS Pérola from the Agronomic Institute (IAC; Campinas; SP; Brazil) were evaluated. The following two methodologies were used: a prolonged darkening, in which the grain is placed in a room at a controlled temperature (298 K) and humidity for 90 days, simulating the supermarket shelf; an accelerated darkening, where the grains are exposed to UV-C light (254 nm) for 96 h. The experiments were performed using the following innovative time-domain (TD) NMR approaches: the RK-ROSE pulse sequence; one- and two-dimensional high resolution (HR) NMR experiments (<sup>1</sup>H; <sup>1</sup>H-<sup>1</sup>H COSY and <sup>1</sup>H-<sup>13</sup>C HSQC); chemometrics tools, such as PLS-DA and heat plots. The results suggest that the observed darkening occurs on the tegument after prolonged (90 days) and accelerated (96 h) conditions. In addition, the results indicate that phenylalanine is the relevant metabolite within this context, being able to participate in the chemical reactions accounted for by the darkening processes. Additionally, it is possible to confirm that a UV-C lamp accelerates oxidative enzymatic reactions and that the NMR methods used were a trustworthy approach to monitor and understand the darkening in bean seeds at metabolite level. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:37:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-42f4d9a2b324474aab0ef79451a1b576 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:37:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-42f4d9a2b324474aab0ef79451a1b5762023-11-30T23:39:01ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-03-01277206010.3390/molecules27072060Monitoring Stimulated Darkening from UV-C Light on Different Bean Genotypes by NMR SpectroscopyMarília Vilela Salvador0Flávio Vinícius Crizóstomo Kock1Isabella Laporte Santos2Jean Fausto Carvalho Paulino3Caléo Panhoca de Almeida4Rodrigo Henrique dos Santos Garcia5Luciana Lasry Benchimol-Reis6Luiz Alberto Colnago7Antonio Gilberto Ferreira8Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, São Carlos 13565-905, BrazilDepartamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, São Carlos 13565-905, BrazilCentro de Recursos Genéticos Vegetais, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Av. Barão de Itapura 1481, Campinas 13075-630, BrazilCentro de Recursos Genéticos Vegetais, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Av. Barão de Itapura 1481, Campinas 13075-630, BrazilCentro de Recursos Genéticos Vegetais, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Av. Barão de Itapura 1481, Campinas 13075-630, BrazilInstituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, São Carlos 13566-590, BrazilCentro de Recursos Genéticos Vegetais, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Av. Barão de Itapura 1481, Campinas 13075-630, BrazilEmbrapa Instrumentação, Rua Quinze de Novembro 1452, São Carlo 13561-160, BrazilDepartamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, São Carlos 13565-905, BrazilThe use of UV-C cool white light on bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) seeds significantly increases the biochemical seed coat post-harvest darkening process, whilst preserving seed germination. The aim of this work consists in monitoring the effect caused by the incidence of UV-C light on different bean genotypes using NMR spectroscopy. The genotype samples named IAC Alvorada; TAA Dama; BRS Estilo and BRS Pérola from the Agronomic Institute (IAC; Campinas; SP; Brazil) were evaluated. The following two methodologies were used: a prolonged darkening, in which the grain is placed in a room at a controlled temperature (298 K) and humidity for 90 days, simulating the supermarket shelf; an accelerated darkening, where the grains are exposed to UV-C light (254 nm) for 96 h. The experiments were performed using the following innovative time-domain (TD) NMR approaches: the RK-ROSE pulse sequence; one- and two-dimensional high resolution (HR) NMR experiments (<sup>1</sup>H; <sup>1</sup>H-<sup>1</sup>H COSY and <sup>1</sup>H-<sup>13</sup>C HSQC); chemometrics tools, such as PLS-DA and heat plots. The results suggest that the observed darkening occurs on the tegument after prolonged (90 days) and accelerated (96 h) conditions. In addition, the results indicate that phenylalanine is the relevant metabolite within this context, being able to participate in the chemical reactions accounted for by the darkening processes. Additionally, it is possible to confirm that a UV-C lamp accelerates oxidative enzymatic reactions and that the NMR methods used were a trustworthy approach to monitor and understand the darkening in bean seeds at metabolite level.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/7/2060<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.bean darkeningUV-C irradiationNMR spectroscopy and chemometrics |
| spellingShingle | Marília Vilela Salvador Flávio Vinícius Crizóstomo Kock Isabella Laporte Santos Jean Fausto Carvalho Paulino Caléo Panhoca de Almeida Rodrigo Henrique dos Santos Garcia Luciana Lasry Benchimol-Reis Luiz Alberto Colnago Antonio Gilberto Ferreira Monitoring Stimulated Darkening from UV-C Light on Different Bean Genotypes by NMR Spectroscopy Molecules <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L. bean darkening UV-C irradiation NMR spectroscopy and chemometrics |
| title | Monitoring Stimulated Darkening from UV-C Light on Different Bean Genotypes by NMR Spectroscopy |
| title_full | Monitoring Stimulated Darkening from UV-C Light on Different Bean Genotypes by NMR Spectroscopy |
| title_fullStr | Monitoring Stimulated Darkening from UV-C Light on Different Bean Genotypes by NMR Spectroscopy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Monitoring Stimulated Darkening from UV-C Light on Different Bean Genotypes by NMR Spectroscopy |
| title_short | Monitoring Stimulated Darkening from UV-C Light on Different Bean Genotypes by NMR Spectroscopy |
| title_sort | monitoring stimulated darkening from uv c light on different bean genotypes by nmr spectroscopy |
| topic | <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L. bean darkening UV-C irradiation NMR spectroscopy and chemometrics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/7/2060 |
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