Reservoir-Vascular Tubes Network for Self-Healing Concrete: Performance Analysis by Acoustic Emission, Digital Image Correlation and Ultrasound Velocity
A novel linear reservoir-vascular tubes network is presented in this work and the design efficacy is explored by testing concrete beams loaded on bending and by assessing their damage healing and mechanical recovery. The healing system is composed of additively manufactured polymer components that a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/10/4821 |
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| author | Eleni Tsangouri Corentin Van Loo Yasmina Shields Nele De Belie Kim Van Tittelboom Dimitrios G. Aggelis |
| author_facet | Eleni Tsangouri Corentin Van Loo Yasmina Shields Nele De Belie Kim Van Tittelboom Dimitrios G. Aggelis |
| author_sort | Eleni Tsangouri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A novel linear reservoir-vascular tubes network is presented in this work and the design efficacy is explored by testing concrete beams loaded on bending and by assessing their damage healing and mechanical recovery. The healing system is composed of additively manufactured polymer components that appear equally effective compared to conventional ceramic tubes since the 3D printed polymer-tubes instantly break upon cracking. It is shown that bulk reservoirs embedded into concrete can deviate cracks and detrimentally affect the concrete’s resistance to failure. The crack formation and re-opening is monitored by acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation (DIC) concluding that initial brittle cracking is shifted after healing to a pseudo-ductile crack re-opening with extended post-softening. The sealed cracks show significant strength and toughness recovery (i.e., above 80% of the original value) escorted also by an ultrasound pulse velocity (UPV) increase (up to 126% relative to the damage state) after a healing intervention. The work critically reports on obstructions of the current design: (i) the network tubes are clogged although the agent was flushed out of the network after healing and as a result re-healing is unattainable; and (ii) vacuum spaces are formed during casting underneath the network tubes, due to limited vibration aiming on the tubes’ tightness, but also due to inefficient aggregates settlement, leading to a strength decrease. This work calls attention to the impact of vascular networks design and performance on a complex cracks network and fracture zone development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:25:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-42fb62f23bae42e6be6a1f6266381837 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:25:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-42fb62f23bae42e6be6a1f62663818372023-11-23T09:53:40ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-05-011210482110.3390/app12104821Reservoir-Vascular Tubes Network for Self-Healing Concrete: Performance Analysis by Acoustic Emission, Digital Image Correlation and Ultrasound VelocityEleni Tsangouri0Corentin Van Loo1Yasmina Shields2Nele De Belie3Kim Van Tittelboom4Dimitrios G. Aggelis5Department Mechanics of Materials and Constructions (MeMC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumDepartment Mechanics of Materials and Constructions (MeMC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumMagnel-Vandepitte Laboratory, Department of Structural Engineering and Building Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 60, 9052 Ghent, BelgiumMagnel-Vandepitte Laboratory, Department of Structural Engineering and Building Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 60, 9052 Ghent, BelgiumMagnel-Vandepitte Laboratory, Department of Structural Engineering and Building Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 60, 9052 Ghent, BelgiumDepartment Mechanics of Materials and Constructions (MeMC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumA novel linear reservoir-vascular tubes network is presented in this work and the design efficacy is explored by testing concrete beams loaded on bending and by assessing their damage healing and mechanical recovery. The healing system is composed of additively manufactured polymer components that appear equally effective compared to conventional ceramic tubes since the 3D printed polymer-tubes instantly break upon cracking. It is shown that bulk reservoirs embedded into concrete can deviate cracks and detrimentally affect the concrete’s resistance to failure. The crack formation and re-opening is monitored by acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation (DIC) concluding that initial brittle cracking is shifted after healing to a pseudo-ductile crack re-opening with extended post-softening. The sealed cracks show significant strength and toughness recovery (i.e., above 80% of the original value) escorted also by an ultrasound pulse velocity (UPV) increase (up to 126% relative to the damage state) after a healing intervention. The work critically reports on obstructions of the current design: (i) the network tubes are clogged although the agent was flushed out of the network after healing and as a result re-healing is unattainable; and (ii) vacuum spaces are formed during casting underneath the network tubes, due to limited vibration aiming on the tubes’ tightness, but also due to inefficient aggregates settlement, leading to a strength decrease. This work calls attention to the impact of vascular networks design and performance on a complex cracks network and fracture zone development.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/10/4821concreteself-healingcrackingvascular networkreservoiracoustic emission |
| spellingShingle | Eleni Tsangouri Corentin Van Loo Yasmina Shields Nele De Belie Kim Van Tittelboom Dimitrios G. Aggelis Reservoir-Vascular Tubes Network for Self-Healing Concrete: Performance Analysis by Acoustic Emission, Digital Image Correlation and Ultrasound Velocity Applied Sciences concrete self-healing cracking vascular network reservoir acoustic emission |
| title | Reservoir-Vascular Tubes Network for Self-Healing Concrete: Performance Analysis by Acoustic Emission, Digital Image Correlation and Ultrasound Velocity |
| title_full | Reservoir-Vascular Tubes Network for Self-Healing Concrete: Performance Analysis by Acoustic Emission, Digital Image Correlation and Ultrasound Velocity |
| title_fullStr | Reservoir-Vascular Tubes Network for Self-Healing Concrete: Performance Analysis by Acoustic Emission, Digital Image Correlation and Ultrasound Velocity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reservoir-Vascular Tubes Network for Self-Healing Concrete: Performance Analysis by Acoustic Emission, Digital Image Correlation and Ultrasound Velocity |
| title_short | Reservoir-Vascular Tubes Network for Self-Healing Concrete: Performance Analysis by Acoustic Emission, Digital Image Correlation and Ultrasound Velocity |
| title_sort | reservoir vascular tubes network for self healing concrete performance analysis by acoustic emission digital image correlation and ultrasound velocity |
| topic | concrete self-healing cracking vascular network reservoir acoustic emission |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/10/4821 |
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