The Formation of the Epiphyseal Bone Plate Occurs via Combined Endochondral and Intramembranous-Like Ossification
The formation of the epiphyseal bone plate, the flat bony structure that provides strength and firmness to the growth plate cartilage, was studied in the present study by using light, confocal, and scanning electron microscopy. Results obtained evidenced that this bone tissue is generated by the rep...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/900 |
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| author | Ángela Fernández-Iglesias Rocío Fuente Helena Gil-Peña Laura Alonso-Durán Fernando Santos José Manuel López |
| author_facet | Ángela Fernández-Iglesias Rocío Fuente Helena Gil-Peña Laura Alonso-Durán Fernando Santos José Manuel López |
| author_sort | Ángela Fernández-Iglesias |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The formation of the epiphyseal bone plate, the flat bony structure that provides strength and firmness to the growth plate cartilage, was studied in the present study by using light, confocal, and scanning electron microscopy. Results obtained evidenced that this bone tissue is generated by the replacement of the lower portion of the epiphyseal cartilage. However, this process differs considerably from the usual bone tissue formation through endochondral ossification. Osteoblasts deposit bone matrix on remnants of mineralized cartilage matrix that serve as a scaffold, but also on non-mineralized cartilage surfaces and as well as within the perivascular space. These processes occur simultaneously at sites located close to each other, so that, a core of the sheet of bone is established very quickly. Subsequently, thickening and reshaping occurs by appositional growth to generate a dense parallel-fibered bone structurally intermediate between woven and lamellar bone. All these processes occur in close relationship with a cartilage but most of the bone tissue is generated in a manner that may be considered as intramembranous-like. Overall, the findings here reported provide for the first time an accurate description of the tissues and events involved in the formation of the epiphyseal bone plate and gives insight into the complex cellular events underlying bone formation at different sites on the skeleton. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:28:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-430079f49d894a2b9c0b9a99fa478bec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:28:36Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-430079f49d894a2b9c0b9a99fa478bec2023-12-03T13:37:52ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-01-0122290010.3390/ijms22020900The Formation of the Epiphyseal Bone Plate Occurs via Combined Endochondral and Intramembranous-Like OssificationÁngela Fernández-Iglesias0Rocío Fuente1Helena Gil-Peña2Laura Alonso-Durán3Fernando Santos4José Manuel López5Division of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, SpainDivision of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, SpainDivision of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, SpainDivision of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, SpainDivision of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, SpainDivision of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, SpainThe formation of the epiphyseal bone plate, the flat bony structure that provides strength and firmness to the growth plate cartilage, was studied in the present study by using light, confocal, and scanning electron microscopy. Results obtained evidenced that this bone tissue is generated by the replacement of the lower portion of the epiphyseal cartilage. However, this process differs considerably from the usual bone tissue formation through endochondral ossification. Osteoblasts deposit bone matrix on remnants of mineralized cartilage matrix that serve as a scaffold, but also on non-mineralized cartilage surfaces and as well as within the perivascular space. These processes occur simultaneously at sites located close to each other, so that, a core of the sheet of bone is established very quickly. Subsequently, thickening and reshaping occurs by appositional growth to generate a dense parallel-fibered bone structurally intermediate between woven and lamellar bone. All these processes occur in close relationship with a cartilage but most of the bone tissue is generated in a manner that may be considered as intramembranous-like. Overall, the findings here reported provide for the first time an accurate description of the tissues and events involved in the formation of the epiphyseal bone plate and gives insight into the complex cellular events underlying bone formation at different sites on the skeleton.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/900bone plateendochondral ossificationintramembranous ossificationchondrocyteosteoblast |
| spellingShingle | Ángela Fernández-Iglesias Rocío Fuente Helena Gil-Peña Laura Alonso-Durán Fernando Santos José Manuel López The Formation of the Epiphyseal Bone Plate Occurs via Combined Endochondral and Intramembranous-Like Ossification International Journal of Molecular Sciences bone plate endochondral ossification intramembranous ossification chondrocyte osteoblast |
| title | The Formation of the Epiphyseal Bone Plate Occurs via Combined Endochondral and Intramembranous-Like Ossification |
| title_full | The Formation of the Epiphyseal Bone Plate Occurs via Combined Endochondral and Intramembranous-Like Ossification |
| title_fullStr | The Formation of the Epiphyseal Bone Plate Occurs via Combined Endochondral and Intramembranous-Like Ossification |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Formation of the Epiphyseal Bone Plate Occurs via Combined Endochondral and Intramembranous-Like Ossification |
| title_short | The Formation of the Epiphyseal Bone Plate Occurs via Combined Endochondral and Intramembranous-Like Ossification |
| title_sort | formation of the epiphyseal bone plate occurs via combined endochondral and intramembranous like ossification |
| topic | bone plate endochondral ossification intramembranous ossification chondrocyte osteoblast |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/900 |
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