Development of Indicator Film Based on Cassava Starch–Chitosan Incorporated with Red Dragon Fruit Peel Anthocyanins–Gambier Catechins to Detect Banana Ripeness
Banana ripeness is generally determined based on physical attributes, such as skin color; however, it is considered subjective because it depends on individual factors and lighting conditions. In addition, improper handling can cause mechanical damage to the fruit. Intelligent packaging in the form...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/17/3609 |
| _version_ | 1797581970593546240 |
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| author | Valentia Rossely Santoso Rianita Pramitasari Daru Seto Bagus Anugrah |
| author_facet | Valentia Rossely Santoso Rianita Pramitasari Daru Seto Bagus Anugrah |
| author_sort | Valentia Rossely Santoso |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Banana ripeness is generally determined based on physical attributes, such as skin color; however, it is considered subjective because it depends on individual factors and lighting conditions. In addition, improper handling can cause mechanical damage to the fruit. Intelligent packaging in the form of indicator film incorporated with anthocyanins from red dragon fruit peel has been applied for shrimp freshness detection; however, this film has low color stability during storage, necessitating the addition of gambier catechins as a co-pigment to increase anthocyanin stability. Nevertheless, the characteristics of films that contain gambier catechins and their applications to bananas have not been studied yet; therefore, this study aims to develop and characterize indicator films that were incorporated with red dragon fruit peel anthocyanins and gambier catechins to detect banana ripeness. In this study, the indicator films were made via solvent casting. The films were characterized for their structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties, and then applied to banana packaging. The results show that the film incorporated with anthocyanins and catechins in a ratio of 1:40 (<i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) resulted in better color stability, mechanical properties, light and water vapor barrier ability, and antioxidant activity. The application of the indicator films to banana packaging resulted in a change in color on the third day of storage. It can be concluded that these films could potentially be used as an indicator to monitor banana ripeness. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:14:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-431db37ec6c54842a1a5d6208667409c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:14:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-431db37ec6c54842a1a5d6208667409c2023-11-19T08:44:00ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-08-011517360910.3390/polym15173609Development of Indicator Film Based on Cassava Starch–Chitosan Incorporated with Red Dragon Fruit Peel Anthocyanins–Gambier Catechins to Detect Banana RipenessValentia Rossely Santoso0Rianita Pramitasari1Daru Seto Bagus Anugrah2Food Technology Study Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, BSD Campus, Tangerang 15345, IndonesiaFood Technology Study Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, BSD Campus, Tangerang 15345, IndonesiaBiotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, BSD Campus, Tangerang 15345, IndonesiaBanana ripeness is generally determined based on physical attributes, such as skin color; however, it is considered subjective because it depends on individual factors and lighting conditions. In addition, improper handling can cause mechanical damage to the fruit. Intelligent packaging in the form of indicator film incorporated with anthocyanins from red dragon fruit peel has been applied for shrimp freshness detection; however, this film has low color stability during storage, necessitating the addition of gambier catechins as a co-pigment to increase anthocyanin stability. Nevertheless, the characteristics of films that contain gambier catechins and their applications to bananas have not been studied yet; therefore, this study aims to develop and characterize indicator films that were incorporated with red dragon fruit peel anthocyanins and gambier catechins to detect banana ripeness. In this study, the indicator films were made via solvent casting. The films were characterized for their structural, mechanical, and physicochemical properties, and then applied to banana packaging. The results show that the film incorporated with anthocyanins and catechins in a ratio of 1:40 (<i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) resulted in better color stability, mechanical properties, light and water vapor barrier ability, and antioxidant activity. The application of the indicator films to banana packaging resulted in a change in color on the third day of storage. It can be concluded that these films could potentially be used as an indicator to monitor banana ripeness.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/17/3609red dragon fruit peel anthocyaninsgambier catechinsindicator filmco-pigmentationbanana ripeness |
| spellingShingle | Valentia Rossely Santoso Rianita Pramitasari Daru Seto Bagus Anugrah Development of Indicator Film Based on Cassava Starch–Chitosan Incorporated with Red Dragon Fruit Peel Anthocyanins–Gambier Catechins to Detect Banana Ripeness Polymers red dragon fruit peel anthocyanins gambier catechins indicator film co-pigmentation banana ripeness |
| title | Development of Indicator Film Based on Cassava Starch–Chitosan Incorporated with Red Dragon Fruit Peel Anthocyanins–Gambier Catechins to Detect Banana Ripeness |
| title_full | Development of Indicator Film Based on Cassava Starch–Chitosan Incorporated with Red Dragon Fruit Peel Anthocyanins–Gambier Catechins to Detect Banana Ripeness |
| title_fullStr | Development of Indicator Film Based on Cassava Starch–Chitosan Incorporated with Red Dragon Fruit Peel Anthocyanins–Gambier Catechins to Detect Banana Ripeness |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of Indicator Film Based on Cassava Starch–Chitosan Incorporated with Red Dragon Fruit Peel Anthocyanins–Gambier Catechins to Detect Banana Ripeness |
| title_short | Development of Indicator Film Based on Cassava Starch–Chitosan Incorporated with Red Dragon Fruit Peel Anthocyanins–Gambier Catechins to Detect Banana Ripeness |
| title_sort | development of indicator film based on cassava starch chitosan incorporated with red dragon fruit peel anthocyanins gambier catechins to detect banana ripeness |
| topic | red dragon fruit peel anthocyanins gambier catechins indicator film co-pigmentation banana ripeness |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/17/3609 |
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