3D Hydrodynamic Focusing in Microscale Optofluidic Channels Formed with a Single Sacrificial Layer
Optofluidic devices are capable of detecting single molecules, but greater sensitivity and specificity is desired through hydrodynamic focusing (HDF). Three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic focusing was implemented in 10-μm scale microchannel cross-sections made with a single sacrificial layer. HDF is...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-03-01
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| Series: | Micromachines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/11/4/349 |
| _version_ | 1827761418587340800 |
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| author | Erik S. Hamilton Vahid Ganjalizadeh Joel G. Wright Holger Schmidt Aaron R. Hawkins |
| author_facet | Erik S. Hamilton Vahid Ganjalizadeh Joel G. Wright Holger Schmidt Aaron R. Hawkins |
| author_sort | Erik S. Hamilton |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Optofluidic devices are capable of detecting single molecules, but greater sensitivity and specificity is desired through hydrodynamic focusing (HDF). Three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic focusing was implemented in 10-μm scale microchannel cross-sections made with a single sacrificial layer. HDF is achieved using buffer fluid to sheath the sample fluid, requiring four fluid ports to operate by pressure driven flow. A low-pressure chamber, or pit, formed by etching into a substrate, enables volumetric flow ratio-induced focusing at a low flow velocity. The single layer design simplifies surface micromachining and improves device yield by 1.56 times over previous work. The focusing design was integrated with optical waveguides and used in order to analyze fluorescent signals from beads in fluid flow. The implementation of the focusing scheme was found to narrow the distribution of bead velocity and fluorescent signal, giving rise to 33% more consistent signal. Reservoir effects were observed at low operational vacuum pressures and a balance between optofluidic signal variance and intensity was achieved. The implementation of the design in optofluidic sensors will enable higher detection sensitivity and sample specificity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:11:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4326a74628d2472cacdb7fd50cc56b78 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:11:38Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-4326a74628d2472cacdb7fd50cc56b782023-11-16T14:26:41ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2020-03-0111434910.3390/mi110403493D Hydrodynamic Focusing in Microscale Optofluidic Channels Formed with a Single Sacrificial LayerErik S. Hamilton0Vahid Ganjalizadeh1Joel G. Wright2Holger Schmidt3Aaron R. Hawkins4Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USAElectrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USAElectrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USAElectrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USAElectrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USAOptofluidic devices are capable of detecting single molecules, but greater sensitivity and specificity is desired through hydrodynamic focusing (HDF). Three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic focusing was implemented in 10-μm scale microchannel cross-sections made with a single sacrificial layer. HDF is achieved using buffer fluid to sheath the sample fluid, requiring four fluid ports to operate by pressure driven flow. A low-pressure chamber, or pit, formed by etching into a substrate, enables volumetric flow ratio-induced focusing at a low flow velocity. The single layer design simplifies surface micromachining and improves device yield by 1.56 times over previous work. The focusing design was integrated with optical waveguides and used in order to analyze fluorescent signals from beads in fluid flow. The implementation of the focusing scheme was found to narrow the distribution of bead velocity and fluorescent signal, giving rise to 33% more consistent signal. Reservoir effects were observed at low operational vacuum pressures and a balance between optofluidic signal variance and intensity was achieved. The implementation of the design in optofluidic sensors will enable higher detection sensitivity and sample specificity.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/11/4/3493D hydrodynamic focusingoptofluidiclab-on-a-chipbiosensormicroscale channelmicrofluidic |
| spellingShingle | Erik S. Hamilton Vahid Ganjalizadeh Joel G. Wright Holger Schmidt Aaron R. Hawkins 3D Hydrodynamic Focusing in Microscale Optofluidic Channels Formed with a Single Sacrificial Layer Micromachines 3D hydrodynamic focusing optofluidic lab-on-a-chip biosensor microscale channel microfluidic |
| title | 3D Hydrodynamic Focusing in Microscale Optofluidic Channels Formed with a Single Sacrificial Layer |
| title_full | 3D Hydrodynamic Focusing in Microscale Optofluidic Channels Formed with a Single Sacrificial Layer |
| title_fullStr | 3D Hydrodynamic Focusing in Microscale Optofluidic Channels Formed with a Single Sacrificial Layer |
| title_full_unstemmed | 3D Hydrodynamic Focusing in Microscale Optofluidic Channels Formed with a Single Sacrificial Layer |
| title_short | 3D Hydrodynamic Focusing in Microscale Optofluidic Channels Formed with a Single Sacrificial Layer |
| title_sort | 3d hydrodynamic focusing in microscale optofluidic channels formed with a single sacrificial layer |
| topic | 3D hydrodynamic focusing optofluidic lab-on-a-chip biosensor microscale channel microfluidic |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/11/4/349 |
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