Mechanisms of Reactivation and Its Interaction with
The telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene, which is repressed in most differentiated human cells, can be reactivated by somatic TERT alterations and epigenetic modulations. Moreover, the recruitment, accessibility, and binding of transcription factors also affect the regulation of TERT expres...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Korean Endocrine Society
2020-09-01
|
| Series: | Endocrinology and Metabolism |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.e-enm.org/upload/pdf/enm-2020-304.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811271476600373248 |
|---|---|
| author | Young Shin Song Young Joo Park |
| author_facet | Young Shin Song Young Joo Park |
| author_sort | Young Shin Song |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene, which is repressed in most differentiated human cells, can be reactivated by somatic TERT alterations and epigenetic modulations. Moreover, the recruitment, accessibility, and binding of transcription factors also affect the regulation of TERT expression. Reactivated TERT contributes to the development and progression of cancer through telomere lengthening-dependent and independent ways. In particular, because of recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies, studies on genomic alterations in various cancers that cause increased TERT transcriptional activity have been actively conducted. TERT reactivation has been reported to be associated with poor prognosis in several cancers, and TERT promoter mutations are among the most potent prognostic markers in thyroid cancer. In particular, when a TERT promoter mutation coexists with the BRAFV600E mutation, these mutations exert synergistic effects on a poor prognosis. Efforts have been made to uncover the mechanisms of these synergistic interactions. In this review, we discuss the role of TERT reactivation in tumorigenesis, the mechanisms of TERT reactivation across all human cancers and in thyroid cancer, and the mechanisms of interactions between BRAFV600E and TERT promoter mutations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:21:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4326ee96c7b947ae9396236de8899fc7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2093-596X 2093-5978 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:21:36Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | Korean Endocrine Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Endocrinology and Metabolism |
| spelling | doaj.art-4326ee96c7b947ae9396236de8899fc72022-12-22T03:14:21ZengKorean Endocrine SocietyEndocrinology and Metabolism2093-596X2093-59782020-09-0135351552510.3803/EnM.2020.3042070Mechanisms of Reactivation and Its Interaction withYoung Shin Song0Young Joo Park1 Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaThe telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene, which is repressed in most differentiated human cells, can be reactivated by somatic TERT alterations and epigenetic modulations. Moreover, the recruitment, accessibility, and binding of transcription factors also affect the regulation of TERT expression. Reactivated TERT contributes to the development and progression of cancer through telomere lengthening-dependent and independent ways. In particular, because of recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies, studies on genomic alterations in various cancers that cause increased TERT transcriptional activity have been actively conducted. TERT reactivation has been reported to be associated with poor prognosis in several cancers, and TERT promoter mutations are among the most potent prognostic markers in thyroid cancer. In particular, when a TERT promoter mutation coexists with the BRAFV600E mutation, these mutations exert synergistic effects on a poor prognosis. Efforts have been made to uncover the mechanisms of these synergistic interactions. In this review, we discuss the role of TERT reactivation in tumorigenesis, the mechanisms of TERT reactivation across all human cancers and in thyroid cancer, and the mechanisms of interactions between BRAFV600E and TERT promoter mutations.http://www.e-enm.org/upload/pdf/enm-2020-304.pdftelomerasebrafthyroid neoplasmsgenomicsepigenomics |
| spellingShingle | Young Shin Song Young Joo Park Mechanisms of Reactivation and Its Interaction with Endocrinology and Metabolism telomerase braf thyroid neoplasms genomics epigenomics |
| title | Mechanisms of Reactivation and Its Interaction with |
| title_full | Mechanisms of Reactivation and Its Interaction with |
| title_fullStr | Mechanisms of Reactivation and Its Interaction with |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanisms of Reactivation and Its Interaction with |
| title_short | Mechanisms of Reactivation and Its Interaction with |
| title_sort | mechanisms of reactivation and its interaction with |
| topic | telomerase braf thyroid neoplasms genomics epigenomics |
| url | http://www.e-enm.org/upload/pdf/enm-2020-304.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT youngshinsong mechanismsofreactivationanditsinteractionwith AT youngjoopark mechanismsofreactivationanditsinteractionwith |