A pilot, short-term dietary manipulation of branched chain amino acids has modest influence on fasting levels of branched chain amino acids
Background: Elevated fasting levels of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs: valine, isoleucine, leucine) in venous blood are associated with a variety of metabolic impairments, including increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Fasting BCAA levels are influenced by non-dietary factors. However, it is...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Swedish Nutrition Foundation
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Food & Nutrition Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/28592/44496 |
| _version_ | 1818841630995644416 |
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| author | Nicole Landa Cavallaro Jamie Garry Xu Shi Robert E. Gerszten Ellen J. Anderson Geoffrey A. Walford |
| author_facet | Nicole Landa Cavallaro Jamie Garry Xu Shi Robert E. Gerszten Ellen J. Anderson Geoffrey A. Walford |
| author_sort | Nicole Landa Cavallaro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Elevated fasting levels of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs: valine, isoleucine, leucine) in venous blood are associated with a variety of metabolic impairments, including increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Fasting BCAA levels are influenced by non-dietary factors. However, it is unknown whether fasting BCAAs can be altered through manipulation of dietary intake alone. Objective: To test whether a specific dietary intervention, using differences in BCAA intake, alters fasting BCAA levels independent of other factors. Design: Five healthy male volunteers underwent 4 days of a low and 4 days of a high BCAA content dietary intervention (ClinicalTrials.gov [NCT02110602]). All food and supplements were provided. Fasting BCAAs were measured from venous blood samples by mass spectrometry at baseline and after each intervention. Results: Diets were isocaloric; contained equal percentages of calories from carbohydrate, fats, and protein; and differed from each other in BCAA content (1.5±0.1 vs. 14.0±0.6 g for valine; 4.5±0.9 g vs. 13.8±0.5 g for isoleucine; 2.1±0.2 g vs. 27.1±1.0 g for leucine; p<0.0001 for all). Fasting valine was significantly lower (p=0.02) and fasting isoleucine and leucine were numerically lower following the low BCAA content vs. the high BCAA content diet levels. The inter-individual response to the dietary interventions was variable and not explained by adherence. Conclusion: Short-term dietary manipulation of BCAA intake led to modest changes in fasting levels of BCAAs. The approach from our pilot study can be expanded to test the metabolic implications of dietary BCAA manipulation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T04:29:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4334c8ba59a74752ad29c0ace6e12e21 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1654-661X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T04:29:09Z |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Swedish Nutrition Foundation |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Food & Nutrition Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-4334c8ba59a74752ad29c0ace6e12e212022-12-21T20:35:56ZengSwedish Nutrition FoundationFood & Nutrition Research1654-661X2016-01-016001910.3402/fnr.v60.2859228592A pilot, short-term dietary manipulation of branched chain amino acids has modest influence on fasting levels of branched chain amino acidsNicole Landa Cavallaro0Jamie Garry1Xu Shi2Robert E. Gerszten3Ellen J. Anderson4Geoffrey A. Walford5 Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Metabolism & Nutrition Research, Clinical Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Metabolism & Nutrition Research, Clinical Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USABackground: Elevated fasting levels of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs: valine, isoleucine, leucine) in venous blood are associated with a variety of metabolic impairments, including increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Fasting BCAA levels are influenced by non-dietary factors. However, it is unknown whether fasting BCAAs can be altered through manipulation of dietary intake alone. Objective: To test whether a specific dietary intervention, using differences in BCAA intake, alters fasting BCAA levels independent of other factors. Design: Five healthy male volunteers underwent 4 days of a low and 4 days of a high BCAA content dietary intervention (ClinicalTrials.gov [NCT02110602]). All food and supplements were provided. Fasting BCAAs were measured from venous blood samples by mass spectrometry at baseline and after each intervention. Results: Diets were isocaloric; contained equal percentages of calories from carbohydrate, fats, and protein; and differed from each other in BCAA content (1.5±0.1 vs. 14.0±0.6 g for valine; 4.5±0.9 g vs. 13.8±0.5 g for isoleucine; 2.1±0.2 g vs. 27.1±1.0 g for leucine; p<0.0001 for all). Fasting valine was significantly lower (p=0.02) and fasting isoleucine and leucine were numerically lower following the low BCAA content vs. the high BCAA content diet levels. The inter-individual response to the dietary interventions was variable and not explained by adherence. Conclusion: Short-term dietary manipulation of BCAA intake led to modest changes in fasting levels of BCAAs. The approach from our pilot study can be expanded to test the metabolic implications of dietary BCAA manipulation.http://www.foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/28592/44496branched chain amino acidsdietary interventionnutritional modulationcross-over clinical trialmetabolisminsulin sensitivity |
| spellingShingle | Nicole Landa Cavallaro Jamie Garry Xu Shi Robert E. Gerszten Ellen J. Anderson Geoffrey A. Walford A pilot, short-term dietary manipulation of branched chain amino acids has modest influence on fasting levels of branched chain amino acids Food & Nutrition Research branched chain amino acids dietary intervention nutritional modulation cross-over clinical trial metabolism insulin sensitivity |
| title | A pilot, short-term dietary manipulation of branched chain amino acids has modest influence on fasting levels of branched chain amino acids |
| title_full | A pilot, short-term dietary manipulation of branched chain amino acids has modest influence on fasting levels of branched chain amino acids |
| title_fullStr | A pilot, short-term dietary manipulation of branched chain amino acids has modest influence on fasting levels of branched chain amino acids |
| title_full_unstemmed | A pilot, short-term dietary manipulation of branched chain amino acids has modest influence on fasting levels of branched chain amino acids |
| title_short | A pilot, short-term dietary manipulation of branched chain amino acids has modest influence on fasting levels of branched chain amino acids |
| title_sort | pilot short term dietary manipulation of branched chain amino acids has modest influence on fasting levels of branched chain amino acids |
| topic | branched chain amino acids dietary intervention nutritional modulation cross-over clinical trial metabolism insulin sensitivity |
| url | http://www.foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/28592/44496 |
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