<i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> Confers Extreme Resistance to <i>Potato virus Y</i> in Potato
The <i>Potato virus Y</i> (PVY) is responsible for huge economic losses for the potato industry worldwide and is the fifth most consequential plant virus globally. The main strategies for virus control are to limit aphid vectors, produce virus-free seed potatoes, and breed virus-resistan...
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/16/2577 |
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| author | Gege Li Jingjing Shao Yuwen Wang Tengfei Liu Yuhao Tong Shelley Jansky Conghua Xie Botao Song Xingkui Cai |
| author_facet | Gege Li Jingjing Shao Yuwen Wang Tengfei Liu Yuhao Tong Shelley Jansky Conghua Xie Botao Song Xingkui Cai |
| author_sort | Gege Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The <i>Potato virus Y</i> (PVY) is responsible for huge economic losses for the potato industry worldwide and is the fifth most consequential plant virus globally. The main strategies for virus control are to limit aphid vectors, produce virus-free seed potatoes, and breed virus-resistant varieties. The breeding of PVY-resistant varieties is the safest and most effective method in terms of cost and environmental protection. <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i>, a gene that confers extreme resistance to PVY, is from <i>S. chacoense</i>, which is a wild diploid potato species that is widely used in many PVY-resistant breeding projects. In this study, <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> was fine mapped and successfully cloned from <i>S. chacoense</i> accession 40-3. We demonstrated that <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> encodes a TIR-NLR protein by stably transforming a diploid susceptible cultivar named AC142 and a tetraploid potato variety named E3. The <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> conferred extreme resistance to PVY<sup>O</sup>, PVY<sup>N:O</sup> and PVY<sup>NTN</sup> in both of the genotypes. To investigate the genetic events occurring during the evolution of the <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> locus, we sequenced 160 <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> homologs from 13 <i>S. chacoense</i> genotypes. Based on the pattern of sequence identities, 160 <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> homologs were divided into 11 families. In Family 11 including <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i>, we found evidence for Type I evolutionary patterns with frequent sequence exchanges, obscured orthologous relationships and high non-synonymous to synonymous substitutions (Ka/Ks), which is consistent with rapid diversification and positive selection in response to rapid changes in the PVY genomes. Furthermore, a functional marker named MG64-17 was developed in this study that indicates the phenotype with 100% accuracy and, therefore, can be used for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs that use <i>S. chacoense</i> as a breeding resource. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:41:13Z |
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| id | doaj.art-43364a5e599443998a519793022381e2 |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:41:13Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-43364a5e599443998a519793022381e22023-11-30T21:07:02ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092022-08-011116257710.3390/cells11162577<i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> Confers Extreme Resistance to <i>Potato virus Y</i> in PotatoGege Li0Jingjing Shao1Yuwen Wang2Tengfei Liu3Yuhao Tong4Shelley Jansky5Conghua Xie6Botao Song7Xingkui Cai8Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaKey Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaKey Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaKey Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaKey Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaDepartment of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USAKey Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaKey Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaKey Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaThe <i>Potato virus Y</i> (PVY) is responsible for huge economic losses for the potato industry worldwide and is the fifth most consequential plant virus globally. The main strategies for virus control are to limit aphid vectors, produce virus-free seed potatoes, and breed virus-resistant varieties. The breeding of PVY-resistant varieties is the safest and most effective method in terms of cost and environmental protection. <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i>, a gene that confers extreme resistance to PVY, is from <i>S. chacoense</i>, which is a wild diploid potato species that is widely used in many PVY-resistant breeding projects. In this study, <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> was fine mapped and successfully cloned from <i>S. chacoense</i> accession 40-3. We demonstrated that <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> encodes a TIR-NLR protein by stably transforming a diploid susceptible cultivar named AC142 and a tetraploid potato variety named E3. The <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> conferred extreme resistance to PVY<sup>O</sup>, PVY<sup>N:O</sup> and PVY<sup>NTN</sup> in both of the genotypes. To investigate the genetic events occurring during the evolution of the <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> locus, we sequenced 160 <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> homologs from 13 <i>S. chacoense</i> genotypes. Based on the pattern of sequence identities, 160 <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> homologs were divided into 11 families. In Family 11 including <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i>, we found evidence for Type I evolutionary patterns with frequent sequence exchanges, obscured orthologous relationships and high non-synonymous to synonymous substitutions (Ka/Ks), which is consistent with rapid diversification and positive selection in response to rapid changes in the PVY genomes. Furthermore, a functional marker named MG64-17 was developed in this study that indicates the phenotype with 100% accuracy and, therefore, can be used for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs that use <i>S. chacoense</i> as a breeding resource.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/16/2577potatoPVYextreme resistance<i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i>evolutionary analysis |
| spellingShingle | Gege Li Jingjing Shao Yuwen Wang Tengfei Liu Yuhao Tong Shelley Jansky Conghua Xie Botao Song Xingkui Cai <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> Confers Extreme Resistance to <i>Potato virus Y</i> in Potato Cells potato PVY extreme resistance <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> evolutionary analysis |
| title | <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> Confers Extreme Resistance to <i>Potato virus Y</i> in Potato |
| title_full | <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> Confers Extreme Resistance to <i>Potato virus Y</i> in Potato |
| title_fullStr | <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> Confers Extreme Resistance to <i>Potato virus Y</i> in Potato |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> Confers Extreme Resistance to <i>Potato virus Y</i> in Potato |
| title_short | <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> Confers Extreme Resistance to <i>Potato virus Y</i> in Potato |
| title_sort | i ry sub chc sub i confers extreme resistance to i potato virus y i in potato |
| topic | potato PVY extreme resistance <i>Ry<sub>chc</sub></i> evolutionary analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/16/2577 |
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